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Manikandan M, Subramani K, Sathish M, Dhanuskodi S. Hydrothermal synthesis of cobalt telluride nanorods for a high performance hybrid asymmetric supercapacitor. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13632-13641. [PMID: 35493025 PMCID: PMC9051561 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08692g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cobalt telluride nanostructured materials have demonstrated various applications, particularly in energy generation and storage. A high temperature and reducing atmosphere are required for the preparation of cobalt telluride-based materials, which makes this a difficult and expensive process. The development of a facile route for producing the desirable nanostructure of cobalt telluride remains a great challenge. We demonstrated a simple hydrothermal method for preparing cobalt telluride nanorods (CoTe NRs) and telluride nanorods (Te NRs) for supercapacitor applications. The morphology of CoTe NRs and Te NRs was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The prepared CoTe NR electrode material exhibited a high specific capacity of 170 C g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 with an exceptional cyclic stability. The asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled using CoTe NRs and orange peel-derived activated carbon (OPAA-700) as a positive and negative electrode, respectively. The fabricated device delivered a high energy density of 40.7 W h kg−1 with a power density of 800 W kg−1 at 1 A g−1 current density. When the current density was increased to 30 A g−1, the fabricated device delivered a high power density of 22.5 kW kg−1 with an energy density of 16.3 W h kg−1. The fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor displayed a good cyclic stability performance for 10 000 cycles at a high current density of 30 A g−1 and retained 85% of its initial capacity for after 10 000 cycles. The prepared materials indicate their applicability for high performance energy storage devices. A one-step hydrothermal derived cobalt telluride nanorods and activated carbon-based hybrid asymmetric supercapacitor delivered a high energy (40.7 W h kg−1) and power density (22.5 kW kg−1) with an electrochemical stability of 85% for 10000 cycles.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Manikandan
- School of Physics
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirappalli – 620 024
- India
| | - K. Subramani
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division
- CSIR-CECRI
- Karaikudi – 630 003
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - M. Sathish
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division
- CSIR-CECRI
- Karaikudi – 630 003
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - S. Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirappalli – 620 024
- India
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Senthilkumar P, Dhanuskodi S, Karthikeyan J, Murugan P. d z2 orbital-mediated bound magnetic polarons in ferromagnetic Ce-doped BaTiO 3 nanoparticles and their enriched two-photon absorption cross-section. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:4032-4045. [PMID: 30720029 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06055j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The enriched ferromagnetism and two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-section of perovskite BaTiO3 nanoparticles are indispensable for magnetic and optical data storage applications. In this work, hydrothermally synthesized Ce-doped BaTiO3 nanoparticles exhibited the maximum room temperature ferromagnetism (4.26 × 10-3 emu g-1) at 4 mol% due to the increase in oxygen vacancies, as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron and electron spin resonance spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Hence, the oxygen vacancy-constituted bound magnetic polaron (BMP) model was invoked to explain the enhancement in ferromagnetism. The BMP theoretical model indicated an increase in BMP magnetization (M0, 3.0 to 4.8 × 10-3 emu g-1) and true spontaneous moment per BMP (meff, 4 to 9.88 × 10-4 emu) upon Ce doping. DFT calculations showed that BMPs mediate via the Ti dz2 orbitals, leading to ferromagnetism. Besides, it is known that the magnetic moment induced by Ce at the Ba site is higher than Ce at the Ti site in the presence of oxygen vacancies. The open aperture Z-scan technique displayed the highest TPA coefficient, β (7.08 × 10-10 m W-1), and TPA cross-section, σTPA (455 × 104 GM), at 4 mol% of Ce as a result of the robust TPA-induced excited state absorption. The large σTPA is attributed to the longer excited state lifetime, τ (7.63 ns), of the charge carriers created by oxygen vacancies and Ce ions, which encounter several electronic transitions in the excited sub-states.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Senthilkumar
- Nonlinear Optical Materials Laboratory, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Karthik K, Dhanuskodi S, Gobinath C, Prabukumar S, Sivaramakrishnan S. Fabrication of MgO nanostructures and its efficient photocatalytic, antibacterial and anticancer performance. J Photochem Photobiol B 2018; 190:8-20. [PMID: 30453162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium oxide (MgO) nanostructures were prepared using microwave-assisted (M 1) and hydrothermal (M 2) methods and characterized by XRD, SEM and FT-IR. It exhibits cubic structure with an average crystallite size of 20 nm (M 1) and 14 nm (M 2) and the lattice strain (WH plot) is 0.0017 (M 1), 0.0037 (M 2). It's spherical and rods like structures are confirmed through SEM and TEM. The vibrational stretching mode of MgO is 439 (M 1) and 449 cm-1 (M 2). The optical bandgap is estimated as 5.93 eV (M 1) and 5.85 eV (M 2) through UV-Vis spectra. The fluorescence spectrum shows emission peaks at 414 and 437 (M 1) and 367 and 385 nm (M 2). The photodegradation studies of MgO nanostructures were assessed by monitoring the decolorization of methylene blue and Congo red dyes in aqueous solution under sunlight irradiation. The antibacterial activities of M 1 and M 2 are investigated against the gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi, Proteus mirabilis, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio cholera) and gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Rhodococcus rhodochrous) bacteria. The zone of inhibition of 24 (M 1) and 25 mm (M 2) indicates high antibacterial activity towards the gram negative bacterium A. hydrophila. Confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) analysis was utilized for understanding the variation in antibacterial activity between different orientations of MgO nanostructures. The cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the prepared nanostructures are non - toxic to normal healthy RBC's. In-vitro anticancer efficiency (IC50) of MgO nanostructures against human lung cancer cell line (A549) was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Karthik
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - C Gobinath
- Academic Body of Agriculture and Food Biotechnology, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo Tulancingo, Hidalgo, CP 43600, Mexico
| | - S Prabukumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappali 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Sivaramakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappali 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
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Manikandan M, Subramani K, Sathish M, Dhanuskodi S. NiTe Nanorods as Electrode Material for High Performance Supercapacitor Applications. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Manikandan
- School of Physics; Bharathidasan University; Tiruchirappalli 620 024 India
| | - K. Subramani
- Functional Materials Division; CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute; Karaikudi - 630 003 India
| | - M. Sathish
- Functional Materials Division; CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute; Karaikudi - 630 003 India
| | - S. Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics; Bharathidasan University; Tiruchirappalli 620 024 India
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Karthik K, Dhanuskodi S, Gobinath C, Prabukumar S, Sivaramakrishnan S. Multifunctional properties of CdO nanostructures Synthesised through microwave assisted hydrothermal method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14328917.2018.1475443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Karthik
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - S. Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - C. Gobinath
- Academic Body of Agriculture and Food Biotechnology, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo Tulancingo, Tulancingo, Mexico
| | - S. Prabukumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappali, India
| | - S. Sivaramakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappali, India
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Kavinkumar T, Senthilkumar P, Dhanuskodi S, Manivannan S. Dielectric transition and ferroelectric properties of graphene oxide-barium titanate nanocomposites. Ann Ital Chir 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Manikandan M, Dhanuskodi S, Maheswari N, Muralidharan G, Revathi C, Rajendra Kumar R, Mohan Rao G. High performance supercapacitor and non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensor based on tellurium nanoparticles. Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Sivakami R, Dhanuskodi S, Karvembu R. Estimation of lattice strain in nanocrystalline RuO2 by Williamson-Hall and size-strain plot methods. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2016; 152:43-50. [PMID: 26186396 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
RuO2 nanoparticles (RuO2 NPs) have been successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Structure and the particle size have been determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV-Vis spectra reveal that the optical band gap of RuO2 nanoparticles is red shifted from 3.95 to 3.55eV. BET measurements show a high specific surface area (SSA) of 118-133m(2)/g and pore diameter (10-25nm) has been estimated by Barret-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) method. The crystallite size and lattice strain in the samples have been investigated by Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis assuming uniform deformation, deformation stress and deformation energy density, and the size-strain plot method. All other relevant physical parameters including stress, strain and energy density have been calculated. The average crystallite size and the lattice strain evaluated from XRD measurements are in good agreement with the results of TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sivakami
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India
| | - S Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India.
| | - R Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India.
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Amreetha S, Dhanuskodi S, Nithya A, Jothivenkatachalam K. Three way electron transfer of a C–N–S tri doped two-phase junction of TiO2nanoparticles for efficient visible light photocatalytic dye degradation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25017j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
C–N–S tridoped TiO2nanoparticles were synthesized by a sol–gel method using thiourea as a compound source of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S).
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Amreetha
- Nonlinear Optical Materials Laboratory
- School of Physics
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirappalli 620 024
- India
| | - S. Dhanuskodi
- Nonlinear Optical Materials Laboratory
- School of Physics
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirappalli 620 024
- India
| | - A. Nithya
- Department of Chemistry
- Anna University
- BIT Campus
- Tiruchirappalli 620 024
- India
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Manikandan K, Dhanuskodi S, Thomas AR, Maheswari N, Muralidharan G, Sastikumar D. Size–strain distribution analysis of SnO2 nanoparticles and their multifunctional applications as fiber optic gas sensors, supercapacitors and optical limiters. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20503h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by a wet chemical method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (rutile tetragonal), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (Sn–O, 657 cm−1) and micro Raman spectroscopy (Sn–O, 635 cm−1).
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Manikandan
- Nonlinear Optical Materials Laboratory
- School of Physics
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirappalli-620 024
- India
| | - S. Dhanuskodi
- Nonlinear Optical Materials Laboratory
- School of Physics
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirappalli-620 024
- India
| | - Anitta Rose Thomas
- Light and Matter Physics Group
- Raman Research Institute
- Bangalore-560 080
- India
| | - N. Maheswari
- Department of Physics
- Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed University
- Dindigul-624 302
- India
| | - G. Muralidharan
- Department of Physics
- Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed University
- Dindigul-624 302
- India
| | - D. Sastikumar
- Department of Physics
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli-620 015
- India
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11
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Dhanuskodi S, Mohandoss R, Vinitha G, Pathinettam Padiyan D. Low power optical limiting studies of copper doped lithium tetraborate nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 140:288-293. [PMID: 25615676 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The copper doped lithium tetraborate (LTB:Cu) nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by XRD (tetragonal structure) and by FESEM (sphere-like nanoparticle). UV-Vis studies show that there is no strong absorption in the visible region. In the luminescence spectrum, the emission peak at 370 nm reveals the presence of Cu+ in LTB lattice. The relative powder second harmonic generation efficiency of pure and doped LTB is equal to the standard NLO material, KDP. The nonlinear optical parameters of LTB:Cu nanoparticles say, nonlinear refractive index, nonlinear absorption coefficient and third order nonlinear optical susceptibility were determined to be of the order of 10(-8)cm2/W, 10(-2) cm/W and 10(-5) esu, respectively. The optical power limiting behavior of the samples were studied by Z-scan technique with (532 nm, 50 mW) Nd:YAG laser and the limiting threshold values are found to be 22.7 mW for 0.01 M and 24.9 mW for 0.03 and 0.05 M LTB:Cu nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India.
| | - R Mohandoss
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - G Vinitha
- Division of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Chennai 600048, India
| | - D Pathinettam Padiyan
- Department of Physics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627 012, India
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12
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Karthik K, Dhanuskodi S, Gobinath C, Sivaramakrishnan S. Microwave-assisted synthesis of CdO-ZnO nanocomposite and its antibacterial activity against human pathogens. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 139:7-12. [PMID: 25546491 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CdO-ZnO nanocomposite was prepared by microwave-assisted method and characterized by X-ray crystallography (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). It exhibits hexagonal cubic structure with an average crystallite size of 27 nm. From the UV-Vis spectra, the bandgap is estimated as 2.92 eV. The fluorescence spectrum shows a near band edge emission at 422 nm. In addition the antibacterial activity of CdO-ZnO nanocomposite was carried out in-vitro against two kinds of bacteria: gram negative bacteria (G -ve) i.e. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and gram positive bacteria (G +ve): Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus spp. This study indicates the zone of inhibition of 40 mm has high antibacterial activity towards the gram positive bacterium S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Karthik
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - C Gobinath
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Sivaramakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
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13
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Senthilkumar P, Rajeswari P, Dhanuskodi S. Effect of surfactants on the emission properties of ZnO: Mn3O4nanocomposites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1117/12.2079115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Mohandoss R, Dhanuskodi S, Vinitha G. χ(3) Measurement and optical power limiting behavior of manganese doped lithium tetraborate nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 136 Pt B:931-936. [PMID: 25459619 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.09.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Manganese doped Li2B4O7 nano crystallites were prepared by chemical method and characterized by XRD, FTIR, UV and fluorescence spectra. FESEM reveals that the particles are coagulated and the particle size is in the range of 50-107 nm. Bands appear at 682-769 cm(-1) corresponds to the bending of B-O linkage in borate network. Nonradiative energy transfer process is observed from fluorescence spectrum. UV-Vis studies show the samples are completely transparent in the visible region and having absorption peaks (234 and 276 nm) in UV regime. The measured second harmonic generation values are 0.9 times KDP. The nonlinear optical parameters such as nonlinear refractive index, n2 (10(-8) cm(2)/W), nonlinear absorption, β (10(-2) cm/W) and nonlinear optical susceptibility, χ(3) (10(-5) esu) are estimated using a Nd:YAG laser (532 nm, 50 mW).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mohandoss
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India
| | - S Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India.
| | - G Vinitha
- Division of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, V.I.T. University, Chennai 600 048, India
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Sivakami R, Babu SG, Dhanuskodi S, Karvembu R. Magnetically retrievable lepidocrocite supported copper oxide nanocatalyst (Fe–CuO) for N-arylation of imidazole. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13256d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel magnetically separable Fe–CuO is prepared by a simple precipitation method and is found to be an effective and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for ligand-free N-arylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Sivakami
- School of Physics
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirappalli-620 024
- India
| | | | - S. Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirappalli-620 024
- India
| | - R. Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli-620 015
- India
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16
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Seetharaman A, Dhanuskodi S. Micro-structural, linear and nonlinear optical properties of titania nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 127:543-549. [PMID: 24726530 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.02.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
TiO(2) (titania) nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel method using titanium tetrachloride as precursor and calcined at 500°C (SA1) and 800°C (SA2). X-ray diffraction pattern of SA1 has mixed phases of anatase (17%) and rutile (83%) whereas SA2 has pure rutile (100%) TiO(2). From the X-ray diffraction peak profile analysis, the crystallite size, lattice strain, deformation stress and energy density value of TiO(2)nanoparticles were determined more precisely by Williamson-Hall method, uniform deformation model, uniform stress deformation model, uniform deformation energy density model and size-strain plot method. The calculated average crystallite size from uniform stress deformation model is 21 and 53nm for SA1 and SA2 respectively. From the FTIR spectra Ti-O vibrational frequency is observed at ∼530cm(-1). Using Tauc's relation the direct bandgap of SA1 and SA2 is calculated from UV-vis spectra as 2.75 and 2.95eV respectively. The excitation wavelength dependent photoluminescence has been investigated for 290 and 330nm as excitation wavelengths. It was observed that the band edge emission is decreased with respect to excitation wavelengths. The second harmonic generation efficiency (SHG) observed for centrosymmetric rutile TiO(2) is more comparable with KDP crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amreetha Seetharaman
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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17
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Rajeswari P, Dhanuskodi S. Microstructural Effects of Mn 2+ions in ZnO Nanoparticles. Crystal Research and Technology 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201300102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Rajeswari
- Nonlinear Optical Materials Laboratory; School of Physics, Bharathidasan University; Tiruchirappalli; 620024; India
| | - S. Dhanuskodi
- Nonlinear Optical Materials Laboratory; School of Physics, Bharathidasan University; Tiruchirappalli; 620024; India
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18
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Seethalakshmi T, Manivannan S, Dhanuskodi S, Lynch DE, Thamotharan S. 4-Hy-droxy-1,2,6-tri-methyl-pyridinium chloride monohydrate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o835-6. [PMID: 23795025 PMCID: PMC3684923 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813011616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the crystal of the title hydrated molecular salt, C8H12NO+·Cl−·H2O, the water molecule makes two O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, generating [010] zigzag chains of alternating water molecules and chloride ions. The cation is bonded to the chain by an O—H⋯O hydrogen bond and two weak C—H⋯Cl interactions. Weak aromatic π–π stacking [centroid–centroid separation = 3.5175 (15) Å] occurs between the chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Seethalakshmi
- Department of Physics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Karur 639 005, India
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Seethalakshmi T, Manivannan S, Dhanuskodi S, Lynch DE, Thamotharan S. 4-Hy-droxy-1,2,6-tri-methyl-pyridinium bromide monohydrate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o941-2. [PMID: 23795105 PMCID: PMC3685086 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813013330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title salt, C8H12NO+·Br−·H2O, is isomorphous with the chloride analogue [Seethalakshmi et al. (2013). Acta Cryst. E69, o835–o836]. In the solid state, the cations, anions and water molecules are interlinked by a network of O—H⋯O, O—H⋯Br and C—H⋯Br interactions. The water molecule makes two O—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds, generating [010] zigzag chains of alternating water molecules and bromide anions. The cation is involved in two intermolecular C—H⋯Cl interactions in the chloride salt, whereas three intermolecular C—H⋯Br interactions are observed in the title bromide salt. This additional intermolecular C—H⋯Br interaction links the adjacent water and bromide zigzag chains via cationic molecules. In addition, weak π–π stacking interactions are observed between pyridinium rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.5664 (13) Å].
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Affiliation(s)
- T Seethalakshmi
- Department of Physics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Karur 639 005, India
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Mohandoss R, Dhanuskodi S, Sanjeeviraja C. Optical studies on electron beam evaporated lithium triborate films. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2012; 96:805-808. [PMID: 22925906 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.07.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lithium triborate (LB3) has numerous applications in scintillator for neutron detection, laser weapon and communication. LB3 films have been prepared by electron beam evaporation technique under a pressure of 1×10(-5) mbar on glass substrate at 323 K for 4 min. The crystallographic orientations and the lattice parameters (a=8.55 (2); b=5.09 (2); c=7.39 (2)Å) were determined by powder XRD indicating the (111) preferential orientation of the film. The lower cut off wavelength at 325 nm with 75% transparency was measured from the UV-vis spectrum. The optical constants extinction coefficient (K), reflectance (R), the linear refractive index (1.34) and the optical energy band gap (~4.0 eV) were estimated. The photoluminescence spectrum shows the emission peak in the visible region with low concentration of oxygen defects. LB3 is found to be second harmonic generation (SHG) active using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm, 9 ns, 10 Hz). The nonlinear refractive index (n(2)~10(-16) cm(2)/W) and nonlinear absorption coefficient (β~10(-2) cm/W) reveal (Z-scan technique) that the material has negative nonlinearity and self-focusing nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mohandoss
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India
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Mohandoss R, Dhanuskodi S, Jayalakshmy MS, Philip J, Bhagavannarayana G. Structural, electrical, thermal and optical properties of the nonlinear optical crystal L-Arginine Fluoride. Cryst Res Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Thenmozhi M, Philominal A, Dhanuskodi S, Ponnuswamy MN. Dibromidobis(1-ethyl-2,6-dimethylpyridinium-4-olate-κ O)zinc(II). Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:m103-4. [PMID: 21522518 PMCID: PMC3050368 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536810052190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the bioactive title compound, [ZnBr2(C9H13NO)2], the ZnII atom is coordinated in a distorted tetrahedral arrangement by two Br− anions and the O atoms of two zwitterionic organic ligands. The pyridinium rings are almost planar [maximum deviations = 0.004 (4) and 0.003 (4) Å]. The ethyl groups are approximately perpendicular to the corresponding pyridinium ring planes [N—C—C—C = 88.8 (4)° in each ligand]. The packing of the molecules is controlled by π–π interactions, with centroid–centroid distances of 3.625 (3) and 3.711 (2) Å, forming chains approximately parallel to (102). The crystal studied was non-merohedrally twinned (twin relationship between the domains 1 0 0, 0 1 0, −0.4672 −0.1864 −1 and batch scale factor of 7.39%).
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Thenmozhi M, Philominal A, Dhanuskodi S, Ponnuswamy MN. Dichloridobis(1-ethyl-2,6-dimethylpyridinium-4-olate-κ O)zinc(II). Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2010; 66:m1448. [PMID: 21588868 PMCID: PMC3009362 DOI: 10.1107/s160053681004119x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, [ZnCl2(C9H13NO)2], the ZnII ion is coordinated by two Cl− anions and two O atoms of two zwitterionic organic ligands in a distorted tetrahedral arrangement. In the crystal, molecules are linked into sheets parallel to the bc plane by C—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.669 (1) Å].
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Girisun TCS, Dhanuskodi S. Linear and nonlinear optical properties of tris thiourea zinc sulphate single crystals. Cryst Res Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.200900351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ramajothi J, Dhanuskodi S, Akkurt M. Crystal growth of phase matchable new organic nonlinear optical material for UV laser generation. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2008; 69:1271-6. [PMID: 17765602 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2007] [Accepted: 07/07/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
L-histidinium tetrafluorosuccinate (L-HFS), an organic nonlinear optical material has been synthesized and characterized by the elemental analysis, FT-IR, FT-NMR and X-ray diffraction studies. Solubility of L-HFS was found to be higher in water than ethanol. Single crystals with dimensions 10 mm x 6 mm x 3 mm were grown in an aqueous solution by the slow evaporation technique at 30 degrees C. The thermal stability of L-HFS has been analyzed by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses (TGA and DTA). The UV-vis spectral study reveals that the material has a wide optical transparency in the entire visible region with the lower cutoff wavelength at 235 nm. The phase matching condition was obtained by Kurtz powder second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency test. The laser damage threshold of the grown crystal was measured using a Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ramajothi
- Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
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Dhanuskodi S, Manivannan S, Philip J. Synthesis, spectral, optical and thermal studies of 1-methyl-2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxypyridinium chloride monohydrate and bromide monohydrate. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2008; 69:1207-12. [PMID: 17709283 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2007] [Accepted: 06/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Semiorganic 1-methyl-2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxypyridinium chloride monohydrate (MDMPCl.H(2)O) and bromide monohydrate (MDMPBr.H(2)O) salts have been synthesized. Single crystals of MDMPCl.H(2)O and MDMPBr.H(2)O were grown by the slow evaporation method from aqueous solution at constant temperatures 30 and 32 degrees C respectively. The grown crystals were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and FT-NMR techniques and their molecular structures were elucidated. Thermogravimetric, differential thermal analyses and differential scanning calorimetry reveal the presence of water molecules in the crystal lattices and thermal stabilities. Optical transmittance windows in aqueous solution were found as 300-1100 nm using UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India.
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Ramajothi J, Dhanuskodi S. Crystal growth, thermal and optical studies on a semiorganic nonlinear optical material for blue-green laser generation. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2007; 68:1213-9. [PMID: 17395530 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2006] [Accepted: 01/24/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The semiorganic nonlinear optical material l-histidine bromide (l-HB) has been synthesized in aqueous solution and characterized by FT-IR, FT-Raman and FT-NMR spectroscopic techniques. The single crystals with dimensions 9mm x 4mm x 3mm were grown by slow evaporation techniques. The grown crystals were subjected to single crystal X-ray diffraction to determine the unit cell dimensions. The thermal stability of the grown crystal was analyzed by thermogravimetric (TG), differential thermal (DT) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analyses. The UV-vis transmittance spectrum shows that it has a good optical transmittance in the entire visible region with the lower cutoff wavelength at 220 nm. The SHG conversion efficiency and laser damage threshold were measured using a Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm). The optical birefringence was measured in the visible region as a function of temperature in the range 30-150 degrees C by interference technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ramajothi
- Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
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Jeyakumari AP, Manivannan S, Dhanuskodi S. Spectral and optical studies of 2-amino-5-nitropyridinium dihydrogen phosphate: a semiorganic nonlinear optical material. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2007; 67:83-6. [PMID: 16945576 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2006.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2006] [Accepted: 06/24/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
2-Amino-5-nitropyridinium dihydrogen phosphate (2A5NPDP) was synthesized and the molecular structure was elucidated by FT-IR, FT-Raman and FT-NMR. The proton and carbon configurations of 2A5NPDP was confirmed through FT-NMR technique. UV-vis-NIR spectrum was recorded and the optical transmittance region was identified as 350 nm. Single crystals were grown from ethanol by slow evaporation technique at 35 degrees C and the unit cell constants were determined. Bulk and powder second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements were carried out using Nd:YAG laser (lambda=1064 nm) and its phase matching condition was determined.
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Manikandan S, Dhanuskodi S. EPR of gamma-irradiated single crystals of 2-amino-5-nitro pyridinium L-tartrate: a NLO material. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2007; 67:160-5. [PMID: 16950648 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2006.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2006] [Accepted: 06/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Single crystals of a non-linear optical (NLO) material 2-amino-5-nitropyridinum L-tartrate (ANPLT) were grown by solvent evaporation technique and characterized by the measurement of density, FT-IR, FT-Raman and X-ray diffraction techniques. Microhardness study and SHG test were also carried out. The EPR spectra were recorded for gamma-irradiated single crystal of ANPLT. The angular variation studies of the spectra were carried out and the principal values of g- and A-tensors were determined. The site symmetry of the radical formed is axial.
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Dhanuskodi S, Vasantha K, Mary PAA. Structural and thermal characterization of a semiorganic NLO material: L-alanine cadmium chloride. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2007; 66:637-42. [PMID: 16859960 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2005.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2005] [Revised: 06/18/2005] [Accepted: 06/29/2005] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
L-Alaninium cadmium chloride (LACC), a semiorganic nonlinear optical material has been synthesized and its single crystal grown and characterized for its thermal, structural, linear and second order nonlinear optical properties. Powder SHG study shows that LACC is 1.5 times efficient as KDP. Its optical transparency goes down to 200 nm comparable to the typical borate crystals like potassium pentaborate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dhanuskodi
- Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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31
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Dhanuskodi S, Pricilla Jeyakumari A, Manivannan S, Philip J, Tiwari SK. Semiorganic nonlinear optical material for frequency doubling: preparation and properties of sodium p-nitrophenolate dihydrate (SPNP). Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2007; 66:318-22. [PMID: 16843046 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2006.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2005] [Accepted: 02/24/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Sodium p-nitrophenolate (SPNP), a semiorganic nonlinear optical (NLO) material useful for frequency doubling in the IR region, has been synthesized. The solubility studies have been carried out in the temperature range 30-50 degrees C. Single crystals (size 12 mmx7 mmx4 mm) have been grown by slow evaporation of the saturated aqueous solution (methanol as solvent) at 30 degrees C. The lattice parameters of the grown crystals have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The UV-vis-NIR transmittance spectrum has been recorded in the range 200-1500 nm. The molecular structure was confirmed by FT-IR and FT-NMR. SPNP was thermally stable up to 103 degrees C as determined by TG/DTA curves. By a modified Kurtz and Perry method, the powder SHG efficiency was found to be five times that of KDP and its phase matching property was established. Laser damage threshold of SPNP was determined using a Nd:YAG laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dhanuskodi
- School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Trichirappalli 620024, India.
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Dhanuskodi S, Manivannan S, Kirschbaum K. Synthesis, structural, thermal and optical studies of 1-ethyl-2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxy pyridinium halides. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2006; 64:504-11. [PMID: 16384737 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2005.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2005] [Accepted: 07/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
1-Ethyl-2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxy pyridinium chloride dihydrate and bromide dihydrate salts have been synthesized and their single crystals were grown by the slow evaporation of aqueous solution at 30 degrees C. The grown crystals were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-NMR and FT-IR techniques to confirm the formation of the expected compound. Optical transmittance window in aqueous solution was found to be 275-1100 nm by UV-vis-NIR technique. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses reveal thermal stability and the presence of two water molecules in the crystal lattices. The crystal structure of chloride salt was also determined by X-ray diffraction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dhanuskodi
- Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 024, India.
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Jeyakumari AP, Dhanuskodi S, Manivannan S. Phase matchable semiorganic NLO material for frequency doubling: L-Arginine tetrafluoroborate. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2006; 63:91-5. [PMID: 16344244 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2005.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2005] [Accepted: 04/21/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
L-Arginine tetrafluoroborate (C6H15N4(+)O2BF4(-)) is a semiorganic crystalline material exhibiting second harmonic generation (SHG) down to the UV region. The material was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-NMR and FT-IR spectra. The lower cutoff wavelength was found to be 270 nm, with a good optical transmittance window covering UV-vis-NIR region. The thermal stability of the compound was determined by TG-DTA curves. The powder SHG efficiency was measured using a Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser assembly by a modified Kurtz and Perry powder technique and its phase matching property was established.
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Dhanuskodi S, Vasantha K. X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic and thermal studies on a potential semiorganic NLO material: lithium bis-L-malato borate. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2005; 61:1777-1782. [PMID: 15863047 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2004.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2004] [Accepted: 07/10/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A semiorganic nonlinear optical material, lithium bis-L-malato borate (LBMB) (molecular formula C8H8BLiO10), has been synthesized, and single crystals grown from an aqueous solution, by the method of slow evaporation at 30 degrees C. Crystals of size up to 7 mm x 3 mm x 2 mm were harvested and characterized by powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared techniques to confirm the identity of the compound formed. The TG-DTA results establish the good thermal stability of the material. The UV-Vis-NIR spectral study reveals that the material has a wide transparency window (230-1500 nm) with a lower cutoff at 230 nm. Kurtz powder test with a Nd:YAG laser indicates the production of SHG output.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dhanuskodi
- Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620024, India.
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Dhanuskodi S, Angeli Mary PA, Sambasiva Rao P. Single crystal EPR and optical absorption studies of Cu2+ ion in L-arginine sulphophosphate monohydrate--a nonlinear optical crystal. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2005; 61:721-725. [PMID: 15649806 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2004.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2004] [Accepted: 05/14/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The EPR spectra of Cu2+ ion in L-arginine sulphophosphate monohydrate (LASP), a nonlinear optical material (NLO) have been studied at room temperature. Two magnetically inequivalent interstitial Cu2+ sites in the lattice were identified. The principal values of g- and A-tensors indicate that the symmetry of the electrostatic field around the Cu2+ ion is rhombic. Bonding parameters have been evaluated and the ground state wave function of Cu2+ ion is constructed. The ground state is found to be an admixure of x2 - y2 and 3z2 - r2 orbitals. By correlating EPR and optical absorption spectra the crystal field parameters have been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dhanuskodi
- Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620024, India.
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Manikandan S, Dhanuskodi S. Single crystal EPR studies of an organic NLO material: methyl-p-hydroxy benzoate. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2004; 60:2135-2139. [PMID: 15248996 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2003.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2003] [Accepted: 10/20/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Single crystals of an organic nonlinear optical (NLO) material methyl-p-hydroxy benzoate (MHB) were grown by solvent evaporation technique. EPR spectra were recorded for Er3+: MHB and gamma-irradiated MHB at room temperature at X-band frequencies. The angular variation studies of the spectra were observed and the principal values of g were determined. The grown crystals were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
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Dhanuskodi S, Ramajothi J. Crystal growth, thermal and optical studies of L-histidine tetrafluoroborate: A semiorganic NLO material. Cryst Res Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.200310229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Dhanuskodi S, Manikandan S. Spectral studies of methyl-p-hydroxy benzoate: An organic nonlinear optical crystalline material. Cryst Res Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.200310228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Ramajothi J, Dhanuskodi S, Nagarajan K. Crystal growth, thermal, optical and microhardness studies of tris (thiourea) zinc sulphate - a semiorganic NLO material. Cryst Res Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.200310204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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40
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Dhanuskodi S, Vasantha K. Structural, thermal and optical characterizations of a NLO material: L-alaninium oxalate. Cryst Res Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.200310180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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41
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Dhanuskodi S, Angeli Mary PA, Vasantha K. Spectroscopic and optical studies on pure and doped single crystals of sulphate-mixed L-arginine phosphate monohydrate--a nonlinear optical crystal. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2003; 59:927-935. [PMID: 12633710 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-1425(02)00286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Single crystals of pure and transition metal ions (Cu(2+) and VO(2+))-doped L-arginine sulpho phosphate monohydrate (sulphate-mixed L-arginine phosphate monohydrate, abbreviated as LASP) have been grown by solvent evaporation of the saturated aqueous solution at room temperature and characterized by single-crystal XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis-NIR and EPR (single-crystal rotation) spectral studies. Kurtz powder technique shows an enhanced second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency for LASP and its doped analogues than pure LAP. The EPR studies on LASP:VO(2+) reveal that the in-plane sigma-bonding is moderately covalent and the out-of-plane pi-bonding is highly covalent, which could be attributed to the cause of enhanced powder efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dhanuskodi
- Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620024, India.
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Angeli Mary PA, Dhanuskodi S. EPR and optical absorption studies of Cu2+ doped L-arginine phosphate monohydrate single crystals--part II. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2002; 58:1473-1481. [PMID: 12083670 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-1425(01)00600-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The EPR spectra of Cu2+ ion in L-Arginine phosphate monohydrate (LAP) at X-band frequencies at room temperature reveal the presence of two magnetically inequivalent interstitial Cu2+ sites in the lattice. The principal values of the g- and A-tensors indicate rhombic symmetry around the Cu2+ ion. From the direction cosines of the principal values of the g- and A- tensors, the orientations of the sites in the lattice have been identified. The bonding parameters were evaluated and the ground state wave function of Cu2+ ion was constructed. The ground state is found to be an admixture of [x2 - y2> and [3z2 - r2> orbitals. The optical absorption studies show four bands centered at 9803, 10753, 15748 and 16666 cm(-1) confirming the rhombic symmetry around the Cu2+ ion. Using the observed bands the crystal field parameters have been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Angeli Mary
- Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, India
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Vasantha K, Angeli MPA, Dhanuskodi S. EPR and optical absorption studies of VO(II)-doped zinc Tris thiourea sulfate. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2002; 58:311-316. [PMID: 11811162 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-1425(01)00535-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of vanadyl ion as an impurity in polycrystalline zinc tris thiourea sulfate (ZTS), a prominent nonlinear optical host, has been studied at X-band frequencies at room temperature. Spin-Hamiltonian parameters and molecular orbital coefficients have been calculated. The optical absorption spectra have also been studied to deduce the crystal field parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Vasantha
- Department of Physics, Govt. Arts College for Women, Pudukkottai, India
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Angeli Mary PA, Dhanuskodi S. Growth and Characterization of a New Nonlinear Optical Crystal: Bis Thiourea Zinc Chloride. Zeitschrift für experimentelle und technische Kristallographie 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-4079(200111)36:11<1231::aid-crat1231>3.0.co;2-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Angeli Mary PA, Dhanuskodi S. EPR and optical absorption studies of VO2+ doped L-arginine phosphate monohydrate single crystals--part I. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2001; 57:2345-2353. [PMID: 11767828 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-1425(01)00428-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies on VO2+ doped L-arginine phosphate monohydrate (LAP) single crystals at room temperature at X-band frequencies reveal the presence of two magnetically inequivalent VO2+ sites occupying interstitial positions in the lattice with fixed orientations and show very high angular dependence. The principal values of the g and A tensors indicate that the electrostatic field around the VO2+ ion is rhombic. The optical absorption spectra at room temperature show four absorption bands at 16155, 14775, 10928 and 10526 cm(-1), characteristic of rhombic symmetry. From EPR and optical absorption data, the molecular orbital bonding coefficients (beta2, epsilon2, P and k) and the crystal field parameters have been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Angeli Mary
- Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, India
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Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of VO2+ ions doped in Kainite (a mineral salt) single crystals and powder were recorded at room temperature at X-band frequencies. The angular variation studies of the spectra indicate that the VO2+ ion enters Mg2+ ion site substitutionally. The principal values of g and A-tensors were determined from the EPR spectral studies. Using these EPR parameters, the molecular orbital bonding parameters of VO2+ ion in the lattice have been evaluated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dhanuskodi
- Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, India.
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