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Santhosh KH, Krishna V, Kemparaju K, Manjunatha H, Shashi Kumar R, Mukherjee A, Gomez Mejiba SE, Ramirez DC, Ravindranath BS. β-keto amyrin isolated from Cryptostegia grandiflora R. br. inhibits inflammation caused by Daboia russellii viper venom: Direct binding of β-keto amyrin to phospholipase A 2. Toxicon 2024; 241:107679. [PMID: 38447765 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The search for mechanism-based anti-inflammatory therapies is of fundamental importance to avoid undesired off-target effects. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity is a potential molecular target for anti-inflammatory drugs because it fuels arachidonic acid needed to synthesize inflammation mediators, such as prostaglandins. Herein, we aim to investigate the molecular mechanism by which β-keto amyrin isolated from a methanolic extract of Cryptostegia grandiflora R. Br. Leaves can inhibit inflammation caused by Daboia russellii viper (DR) venom that mainly contains PLA2. We found that β-keto amyrin neutralizes DR venom-induced paw-edema in a mouse model. Molecular docking of PLA2 with β-keto amyrin complex resulted in a higher binding energy score of -8.86 kcal/mol and an inhibition constant of 611.7 nM. Diclofenac had a binding energy of -7.04 kcal/mol and an IC50 value of 620 nM, which predicts a poorer binding interaction than β-keto amyrin. The higher conformational stability of β-keto amyrin interaction compared to diclofenac is confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation. β-keto amyrin isolated from C. grandiflora inhibits the PLA2 activity contained in Daboia russellii viper venom. The anti-inflammatory property of β-keto amyrin is due to its direct binding into the active site of PLA2, thus inhibiting its enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Santhosh
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta-577451, Karnataka, India
| | - V Krishna
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta-577451, Karnataka, India
| | - K Kemparaju
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasa Gangotri Campus, Mysore-57006, Karnataka, India
| | - H Manjunatha
- Department of Biochemistry, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore- 56005, Karnataka, India
| | - R Shashi Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta-577451, Karnataka, India
| | - A Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal- 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - S E Gomez Mejiba
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Experimental Therapeutics, CCT-San Luis-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700-San Luis, Argentina.
| | - D C Ramirez
- Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine. CCT-San Luis-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700-San Luis, Argentina.
| | - B S Ravindranath
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal- 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Funes A, Saez Lancellotti TE, Santillan LD, Della Vedova MC, Monclus MA, Cabrillana ME, Gomez Mejiba SE, Ramirez DC, Fornes MW. A chronic high-fat diet causes sperm head alterations in C57BL/6J mice. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02868. [PMID: 31844747 PMCID: PMC6895587 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A chronic-positive energetic balance has been directly correlated with infertility in men, but the involved mechanisms remain unknown. Herein we investigated weather in a mouse model a chronic feeding with a diet supplemented with chicken fat affects sperm head morphology. To accomplish this, we fed mice for 16 weeks with either control food (low-fat diet, LFD) or control food supplemented with 22% chicken fat (high-fat diet, HFD). At the end of the feeding regimen, we measured: redox and inflammatory changes, cholesterol accumulation in testis and analyzed testicular morphological structure and ultra-structure and liver morphology. We found that the mice fed HFD resembled some features of the human metabolic syndrome, including systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, this group showed an increment in the following parameters; central adiposity (adiposity index: 1.07 ± 0.10 vs 2.26 ± 0.17), dyslipidemia (total cholesterol: 153.3 ± 2.6 vs 175.1 ± 8.08 mg/dL), insulin resistance (indirect Insulin resistance index, TG/HDL-c: 2.94 ± 0.33 vs 3.68 ± 0.15) and fatty liver. Increased cholesterol content measured by filipin was found in the testicles from HFD (fluorescence intensity increase to 50%), as well as an alteration of spermiogenesis. Most remarkably, a disorganized manchette-perinuclear ring complex and an altered morphology of the sperm head were observed in the spermatozoa of HFD-fed mice. These results add new information to our understanding about the mechanisms by which systemic oxidative stress and inflammation may influence sperm-head morphology and indirectly male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Funes
- LIAM, Andrology Research Laboratory from Mendoza, IHEM-CCT-CONICET, National University of Cuyo and University of Aconcagua, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - T E Saez Lancellotti
- LIAM, Andrology Research Laboratory from Mendoza, IHEM-CCT-CONICET, National University of Cuyo and University of Aconcagua, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - L D Santillan
- LETM, Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, IMIBIO-SL, CONICET, National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - M C Della Vedova
- LETM, Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, IMIBIO-SL, CONICET, National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - M A Monclus
- LIAM, Andrology Research Laboratory from Mendoza, IHEM-CCT-CONICET, National University of Cuyo and University of Aconcagua, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - M E Cabrillana
- LIAM, Andrology Research Laboratory from Mendoza, IHEM-CCT-CONICET, National University of Cuyo and University of Aconcagua, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - S E Gomez Mejiba
- LET, Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, IMIBIO-SL, CONICET, National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - D C Ramirez
- LETM, Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, IMIBIO-SL, CONICET, National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - M W Fornes
- LIAM, Andrology Research Laboratory from Mendoza, IHEM-CCT-CONICET, National University of Cuyo and University of Aconcagua, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
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Muñoz MD, Della Vedova MC, Bushel PR, Ganini da Silva D, Mason RP, Zhai Z, Gomez Mejiba SE, Ramirez DC. The nitrone spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide dampens lipopolysaccharide-induced transcriptomic changes in macrophages. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:515-530. [PMID: 29589052 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE M1-like inflammatory phenotype of macrophages plays a critical role in tissue damage in chronic inflammatory diseases. Previously, we found that the nitrone spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) dampens lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered inflammatory priming of RAW 264.7 cells. Herein, we tested whether DMPO by itself can induce changes in macrophage transcriptome, and that these effects may prevent LPS-induced activation of macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS To test our hypothesis, we performed a transcriptomic and bioinformatics analysis in RAW 264.7 cells incubated with or without LPS, in the presence or in the absence of DMPO. RESULTS Functional data analysis showed 79 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) when comparing DMPO vs Control. We used DAVID databases for identifying enriched gene ontology terms and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis for functional analysis. Our data showed that DMPO vs Control comparison of DEGs is related to downregulation immune-system processes among others. Functional analysis indicated that interferon-response factor 7 and toll-like receptor were related (predicted inhibitions) to the observed transcriptomic effects of DMPO. Functional data analyses of the DMPO + LPS vs LPS DEGs were consistent with DMPO-dampening LPS-induced inflammatory transcriptomic profile in RAW 264.7. These changes were confirmed using Nanostring technology. CONCLUSIONS Taking together our data, surprisingly, indicate that DMPO by itself affects gene expression related to regulation of immune system and that DMPO dampens LPS-triggered MyD88- and TRIF-dependent signaling pathways. Our research provides critical data for further studies on the possible use of DMPO as a structural platform for the design of novel mechanism-based anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Muñoz
- Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, IMIBIO-SL-School of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis-CONICET, San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina.,Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, School of Health Sciences-IMIBIO-SL, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - M C Della Vedova
- Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, IMIBIO-SL-School of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis-CONICET, San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina.,Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, School of Health Sciences-IMIBIO-SL, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - P R Bushel
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, NIEHS, NIH, USDHHS, RTP, Durham, 27709, NC, USA
| | - D Ganini da Silva
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, NIEHS, NIH, USDHHS, RTP, Durham, 27709, NC, USA
| | - R P Mason
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, NIEHS, NIH, USDHHS, RTP, Durham, 27709, NC, USA
| | - Z Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - S E Gomez Mejiba
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, School of Health Sciences-IMIBIO-SL, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina.
| | - D C Ramirez
- Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, IMIBIO-SL-School of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis-CONICET, San Luis, 5700, San Luis, Argentina.
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