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Zhang W, Chen R, Jiang B, Zhao X, Zhao W, Yan SS, Han G, Yu S, Liu G, Kang S. Tunable interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in symmetrical Au/[Fe/Au] n multilayers. Nanoscale 2021; 13:2665-2672. [PMID: 33496295 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06488b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (i-DMI) has been exploited in as-made symmetrical Au/[Fe/Au]n structures. By tailoring the chirality of the i-DMI at the Au/Fe interface, an overall enhancement of the i-DMI can be obtained in such a symmetrical structure. Furthermore, the tunability of the i-DMI was realized by changing the stacking number n. Compared to the top of Fe, a large tensile stress at the bottom of Fe due to lattice mismatch was responsible for the chirality change in the sub/Au/Fe system. Layer-resolved DMI calculations revealed that the sign of the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) energy was changed for Au near the interface of Au/Fe under tensile stress, subsequently reversing the chirality of the i-DMI from left-handed to right-handed. Our findings provide a simplest way to tune the i-DMI in a multilayer system, further benefiting the application of skyrmion-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Material, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - R Chen
- Fert Beijing Institute, School of Microelectronics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - B Jiang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Material, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - X Zhao
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Material, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - W Zhao
- Fert Beijing Institute, School of Microelectronics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - S S Yan
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Material, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - G Han
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Material, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - S Yu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Material, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - G Liu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Material, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - S Kang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Material, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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Abstract
Mitochondria are well-known cellular organelles that play a vital role in cellular bioenergetics, heme biosynthesis, thermogenesis, calcium homeostasis, lipid catabolism, and other metabolic activities. Given the extensive role of mitochondria in cell function, mitochondrial dysfunction plays a part in many diseases, including diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In most cases, there is overwhelming evidence that impaired mitochondrial function is a causative factor in these diseases. Studying mitochondrial function in diseased cells vs healthy cells may reveal the modified mechanisms and molecular components involved in specific disease states. In this chapter, we provide a concise overview of the major recent findings on mitochondrial abnormalities and their link to synaptic dysfunction relevant to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in AD and diabetes. Our increased understanding of the role of mitochondrial perturbation indicates that the development of specific small molecules targeting aberrant mitochondrial function could provide therapeutic benefits for the brain in combating aging-related dementia and neurodegenerative diseases by powering up brain energy and improving synaptic function and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Akhter
- School of Pharmacy, Higuchi Bioscience Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - D Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Higuchi Bioscience Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - S F Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Higuchi Bioscience Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - S S Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Higuchi Bioscience Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States.
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Yan SS, Chen AQ, Wu YY, Zhu H, Wang XH, Ling CC, Su SC. Photoluminescence and lasing characteristics of single nonpolar GaN microwires. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01921a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonpolar a-axial GaN MWs were fabricated on a patterned Si substrate via metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) without the assistance of any catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices
- Institute of Opto-electronic Materials and Technology
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510631
- China
| | - A. Q. Chen
- Department of Physics
- The University of Hong Kong
- China
| | - Y. Y. Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Physics
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - H. Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Physics
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - X. H. Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - C. C. Ling
- Department of Physics
- The University of Hong Kong
- China
| | - S. C. Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices
- Institute of Opto-electronic Materials and Technology
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510631
- China
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Wang BJ, Zhang B, Yan SS, Li ZC, Jiang T, Hua CJ, Lu L, Liu XZ, Zhang DH, Zhang RS, Wang X. Hormonal and reproductive factors and risk of esophageal cancer in women: a meta-analysis. Dis Esophagus 2016; 29:448-54. [PMID: 25809699 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently published studies on the relationship between hormonal and reproductive factors and esophageal cancer (EC) risk in women have yielded contradictory findings. For a better understanding of this relationship, we first performed this meta-analysis by pooling all available publications. Sixteen independent studies were retrieved after a comprehensive search in PubMed and Embase databases. The pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. The pooled RRs implicated that hormone replacement therapy was negatively associated with the risk of EC (RR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.60-0.86, P < 0.001) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (RR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.48-0.97, P = 0.031). Menopausal women were at an increased risk of EC (RR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.07-2.03, P = 0.018), particularly esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (RR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.12-2.48, P = 0.012). Additionally, decreased risk of EC (RR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.68-0.92, P = 0.003) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (RR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.53-0.82, P < 0.001) was demonstrated among women with breast-feeding history. Moreover, such associations were more significant among Caucasians, but not Asians. Our study suggests that menopause is an independent risk factor for EC, while hormone replacement therapy and breast-feeding history play a protective role against EC, particularly among Caucasians. All results are consistent with the hypothesis that effects of estrogen may lower the risk of EC in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Eighty-first Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Eighty-first Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - S S Yan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Eighty-first Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Z C Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Eighty-first Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - T Jiang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Eighty-first Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - C J Hua
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Eighty-first Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - L Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Eighty-first Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - X Z Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Eighty-first Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - D H Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Eighty-first Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - R S Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Eighty-first Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Eighty-first Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, China
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Neumeister VM, Yan SS, McGuire JA, Carvajal DE, Prasad ML, Rimm DL. Abstract P4-09-22: Quantitative immuno-fluorescent evaluation of Her2 expression levels in a prospectively collected cohort of breast cancer cases: Comparison to conventional IHC scoring and FISH. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p4-09-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: According to the 2013 guidelines breast cancers are defined as Her2 positive if there is evidence of protein expression in at least 10% of tumor cells by IHC and/or gene amplification by FISH. Nevertheless, there are still IHC 2+ and FISH equivocal breast cancers resulting in repeat testing. It is also known that not all Her2 positive breast cancers respond to Trastuzumab, while up to 8% of Her2 "negative" classified patients benefit from Her2 targeting regimens. Toward the goal of generating a more accurate test, we report in situ quantification of Her2 protein levels on a prospectively collected cohort of breast cancers and comparison to conventional IHC and FISH evaluation.
Materials and Methods: A prospectively designed study was initiated at Yale University, comparing quantitative, in situ measurement of Her2 protein levels with conventional IHC and FISH evaluation. All breast cancer specimens were analyzed by IHC and FISH in our routine clinical laboratory, read and signed out by the breast pathologists. Serial sections were then stained and quantified for Her2 expression levels using the AQUA method of quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF). Data for all assays were obtained on 120 samples over a period of 6 months. Staining was performed using the DAKO Herceptest and the Epitomics EP3 Her2 antibody for IHC, the DAKO rabbit polyclonal antibody for QIF. The 30 highest cases were then retested for QIF and IHC using the Biocare c-erbB-2 [CB11] antibody. Each staining run included an index tissue microarray (TMA) consisting of 80 cases, cell lines and normal tissue for quality control, assay reproducibility and threshold definition of AQUA scores correlated to HER2 over expression and amplification.
Results: Out of 120 specimens analyzed for HER2, 13 were diagnosed as IHC 2+/3+, FISH amplified, 1 case had an equivocal score, 14 cases were IHC 2+/non amplified, 2 cases IHC 1+/FISH amplified and 89 specimens IHC 0/1+ non amplified. The continuous AQUA scores for Her2 expression of the samples significantly correlate with traditional clinical Her2 scoring. However, 5 IHC 0/1+, non amplified cases revealed high AQUA scores in the range of HER2 overexpression/amplification. Repeat testing of these by both QIF and IHC showed reproducibility of the results. AQUA scores of one IHC 3+/amplified sample were lower than the threshold of HER2 overexpression/amplification.
Conclusions: QIF measurement of HER2 protein levels in a prospectively collected cohort of 120 breast cancer specimens reveals significant association between continuous HER2 protein levels and the ordinal conventional scoring system. However, five discordant cases that were above the threshold for HER2 protein by QIF, were classified as negative by conventional methods. Given the accuracy and reproducibility of the QIF test, it raises the possibility that some of these patients might benefit from HER2 targeted therapy. In summary, while continuous scoring of HER2 protein correlates well with conventional methods, it identifies a subset of patients that are discordant with current methods. Further comparative studies in a patient cohort with response to targeted therapy need to be evaluated.
Citation Format: Neumeister VM, Yan SS, McGuire JA, Carvajal DE, Prasad ML, Rimm DL. Quantitative immuno-fluorescent evaluation of Her2 expression levels in a prospectively collected cohort of breast cancer cases: Comparison to conventional IHC scoring and FISH. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-22.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - SS Yan
- Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - JA McGuire
- Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - DE Carvajal
- Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - ML Prasad
- Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - DL Rimm
- Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Xu TS, Ju L, Wang Z, Ren C, Kang SS, Qiao SZ, Li TX, Yan SS, Mei LM. Disorder-enhanced spin polarization of the Zn 1−xCo xO 1−v concentrated magnetic semiconductor. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20520d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous concentrated magnetic semiconductor Zn0.32Co0.68O1−v (v refers to oxygen vacancies) thin film was investigated by magnetic and electrical transport measurements as well as Andreev reflection spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. S. Xu
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering
- Anyang Normal College
- Anyang 455000
- People's Republic of China
- School of Physics
| | - L. Ju
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering
- Anyang Normal College
- Anyang 455000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Z. Wang
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering
- Anyang Normal College
- Anyang 455000
- People's Republic of China
| | - C. Ren
- National Laboratory for Superconductivity
- Institute of Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- People's Republic of China
| | - S. S. Kang
- School of Physics
- National Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - S. Z. Qiao
- School of Physics
- National Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - T. X. Li
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering
- Anyang Normal College
- Anyang 455000
- People's Republic of China
| | - S. S. Yan
- School of Physics
- National Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - L. M. Mei
- School of Physics
- National Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
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Yang AC, Yan SS, Zhang K, Li HH, Pei J, He LM, Tian YF, Qin YF, Kang SS, Xiao SQ. Rashba spin–orbit coupling enhanced anomalous Hall effect in MnxSi1−x/SiO2/Si p–i–n junctions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05340h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mn0.48Si0.52/SiO2/Si p–i–n junction shows greatly enhanced negative anomalous Hall effect in the high temperature range due to the interfacial Rashba spin–orbit coupling.
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Yan SS, Fox ML, Holland SM, Stock F, Gill VJ, Fedorko DP. Resistance to multiple fluoroquinolones in a clinical isolate of Streptococcus pyogenes: identification of gyrA and parC and specification of point mutations associated with resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44:3196-8. [PMID: 11036052 PMCID: PMC101632 DOI: 10.1128/aac.44.11.3196-3198.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A strain of Streptococcus pyogenes resistant to multiple fluoroquinolones was isolated from the blood of an immunocompromised patient. Resistance to fluoroquinolones in S. pyogenes has not been previously studied. Compared to 10 sensitive strains of S. pyogenes, the fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical isolate of S. pyogenes presented point mutations in gyrA, predicting that serine-81 was changed to phenylalanine and that methionine-99 was changed to leucine, and in parC, predicting that serine-79 was changed to tyrosine. The mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance in this isolate of S. pyogenes appears to be analogous to previously reported mechanisms for Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Yan
- Microbiology Service, CPD, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1508, USA
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Fedorko DP, Williams EC, Nelson NA, Calhoun LB, Yan SS. Performance of three enzyme immunoassays and two direct fluorescence assays for detection of Giardia lamblia in stool specimens preserved in ECOFIX. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:2781-3. [PMID: 10878088 PMCID: PMC87032 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.7.2781-2783.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ECOFIX is a single-vial stool preservative that is both formalin- and mercury-free. We evaluated the abilities of three commercial Giardia lamblia-specific enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) (ProSpecT Giardia Microplate Assay [Alexon-Trend Inc.], Giardia Test [Techlab], and Premier Giardia lamblia [Meridian Diagnostics, Inc.]) and two commercial direct fluorescent-antibody (FA) assays for G. lamblia (Crypto/Giardia IF Test [Techlab] and Merifluor Cryptosporidium/Giardia [Meridian Diagnostics, Inc.]) to detect G. lamblia in 34 G. lamblia-positive and 44 G. lamblia-negative stool specimens (determined by traditional examination for ova and parasites) preserved in ECOFIX compared to their abilities to detect G. lamblia in the same specimens preserved in formalin as the "gold standard" for each assay. Of the 34 formalin-fixed positive specimens, the number detected by each assay was as follows:, Alexon EIA, 34; Meridian EIA, 27; Techlab EIA, 29; Meridian FA assay, 31; and Techlab FA assay, 28. Both FA tests and the Alexon EIA performed well with ECOFIX, but the other two EIAs detected fewer positive specimens (the difference was statistically significant with the Techlab EIA) when ECOFIX was the preservative. Use of G. lamblia cyst antigen from cultured organisms preserved in formalin and ECOFIX demonstrated that the Alexon EIA could detect smaller amounts of antigen in ECOFIX than the other two EIAs could and suggested that cyst antigen is more stable in formalin. We recommend that laboratories use an FA assay or the Alexon EIA if they plan to use ECOFIX as their stool preservative.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Fedorko
- Microbiology Service, Clinical Pathology Department, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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Liu TH, Yan SS, Lee YN. Meigs' syndrome--a case report. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1989; 44:322-4. [PMID: 2634472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bilateral ovarian fibromas combined with as and hydrothorax is a rare disorder. A case of bilateral ovarian fibromas combined with ascites and hyrothorax is presented. The ascites and hydrothorax disappeared spontaneously after removal of the ovarian tumors.
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Chen M, Yan SS, Li MY. A modulatory lipoprotein related to cancer cell inhibition. Cancer Detect Prev 1983; 6:507-514. [PMID: 6661741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Three fractions of lipoprotein were isolated from sera and ascites of cancer-bearing mice by polyanion precipitation and density centrifugation. The cancer modulatory activity of isolated lipoproteins was estimated by means of trypan blue exclusion and cell potassium content. The activity of one of the isolated lipoprotein fractions was to kill cancer cells in vitro with little effect on normal bone marrow cells. This lipoprotein migrated as one band on agarose electrophoresis. After incubating cancer cells with the lipoprotein, the membrane fluidity of the cancer cells was markedly changed (p less than 0.01). The mechanism of modulation may be related to interaction of lipoprotein with plasma membrane of cancer cells.
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