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Hennig K, Wang I, Moreau P, Valon L, DeBeco S, Coppey M, Miroshnikova YA, Albiges-Rizo C, Favard C, Voituriez R, Balland M. Stick-slip dynamics of cell adhesion triggers spontaneous symmetry breaking and directional migration of mesenchymal cells on one-dimensional lines. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaau5670. [PMID: 31921998 PMCID: PMC6941913 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau5670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Directional cell motility relies on the ability of single cells to establish a front-rear polarity and can occur in the absence of external cues. The initiation of migration has often been attributed to the spontaneous polarization of cytoskeleton components, while the spatiotemporal evolution of cell-substrate interaction forces has yet to be resolved. Here, we establish a one-dimensional microfabricated migration assay that mimics the complex in vivo fibrillar environment while being compatible with high-resolution force measurements, quantitative microscopy, and optogenetics. Quantification of morphometric and mechanical parameters of NIH-3T3 fibroblasts and RPE1 epithelial cells reveals a generic stick-slip behavior initiated by contractility-dependent stochastic detachment of adhesive contacts at one side of the cell, which is sufficient to trigger cell motility in 1D in the absence of pre-established polarity. A theoretical model validates the crucial role of adhesion dynamics, proposing that front-rear polarity can emerge independently of a complex self-polarizing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Hennig
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, Grenoble Alpes University, Saint Martin d’Heres, France
| | - I. Wang
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, Grenoble Alpes University, Saint Martin d’Heres, France
| | - P. Moreau
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, Grenoble Alpes University, Saint Martin d’Heres, France
| | - L. Valon
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - S. DeBeco
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie, Institut Curie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR168, Paris, France
| | - M. Coppey
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie, Institut Curie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR168, Paris, France
| | - Y. A. Miroshnikova
- DYSAD, Institut for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS UMR 5309, La Tronche, France
| | - C. Albiges-Rizo
- DYSAD, Institut for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS UMR 5309, La Tronche, France
| | - C. Favard
- Membrane Domains and Viral Assembly, IRIM, UMR9004 CNRS/Université de Montpellier, 1919, route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - R. Voituriez
- Laboratoire Jean Perrin and Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, Sorbonne Université, Tour 13-12, 5eme etage, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Corresponding author. (M.B.); (R.V.)
| | - M. Balland
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, Grenoble Alpes University, Saint Martin d’Heres, France
- Corresponding author. (M.B.); (R.V.)
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