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Nunes JJ, Sojka Ł, Crane RW, Furniss D, Tang ZQ, Mabwa D, Xiao B, Benson TM, Farries M, Kalfagiannis N, Barney E, Phang S, Seddon AB, Sujecki S. Room temperature mid-infrared fiber lasing beyond 5 µm in chalcogenide glass small-core step index fiber. Opt Lett 2021; 46:3504-3507. [PMID: 34329210 DOI: 10.1364/ol.430891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This Letter, to the best of our knowledge, reports mid-infrared fiber lasing beyond 5 µm at room temperature for the first time, Ce3+-doped, chalcogenide glass, step index fiber employed in-band pumping with a 4.15 µm quantum cascade laser. The lasing fiber is was 64 mm long, with a calculated numerical aperture of 0.48 at the lasing wavelengths. The core glass was Ge15As21Ga1Se63 atomic % (at. %), doped with 500 parts-per-million-by-weight Ce, with a 9 µm core diameter. The cladding glass was Ge21Sb10Se69 at. % with a 190 µm outer diameter. As pump power increases continuous wave lasing corresponding to the 2F7/2→2F5/2, transition in the Ce3+ ion occurs at 5.14 µm, 5.17 µm, and 5.28 µm.
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Shen M, Furniss D, Tang Z, Barny E, Sojka L, Sujecki S, Benson TM, Seddon AB. Modeling of resonantly pumped mid-infrared Pr 3+-doped chalcogenide fiber amplifier with different pumping schemes. Opt Express 2018; 26:23641-23660. [PMID: 30184863 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.023641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We propose a model for resonantly pumped Pr3+-doped chalcogenide fiber amplifiers, which includes excited state absorption and the full spectral amplified spontaneous emission spanning from 2 μm to 6 μm. Based on this model, the observed near- and mid-infrared photoluminescence generated from Pr3+-doped chalcogenide fiber is explained. Then the output properties of a 4.1 μm resonantly pumped Pr3+-doped chalcogenide fiber amplifier are simulated in both co- and counter-pumping schemes. Results show that the 4.1 μm counter-pumped fiber amplifier can achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 62.8% for signal wavelengths ranging from 4.5 μm to 5.3 μm. This is, to our best knowledge, the highest simulated PCE for a Pr3+-doped chalcogenide fiber amplifier.
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Sujecki S, Oladeji A, Phillips A, Seddon AB, Benson TM, Sakr H, Tang Z, Barney E, Furniss D, Sójka Ł, Bereś-Pawlik E, Scholle K, Lamrini S, Furberg P. Theoretical study of population inversion in active doped MIR chalcogenide glass fibre lasers (invited). Opt Quantum Electron 2014; 47:1389-1395. [PMID: 27069300 PMCID: PMC4811167 DOI: 10.1007/s11082-014-0086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We study the mechanism of the population inversion in mid-infrared fibre lasers based on a chalcogenide glass host doped with active lanthanide ions. Three lanthanide dopant ions are considered: terbium, dysprosium and praseodymium. We predict the relevant trivalent ion level populations and gain. The simulation parameters were obtained by fabricating and optically characterising a series of trivalent ion doped chalcogenide glass samples. We also provide simple analytical expressions that aid the design of the cascade lasing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sujecki
- Electrical Systems and Optics Division, George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7-2RD UK
| | - A. Oladeji
- Electrical Systems and Optics Division, George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7-2RD UK
| | - A. Phillips
- Electrical Systems and Optics Division, George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7-2RD UK
| | - A. B. Seddon
- Electrical Systems and Optics Division, George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7-2RD UK
| | - T. M. Benson
- Electrical Systems and Optics Division, George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7-2RD UK
| | - H. Sakr
- Electrical Systems and Optics Division, George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7-2RD UK
| | - Z. Tang
- Electrical Systems and Optics Division, George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7-2RD UK
| | - E. Barney
- Electrical Systems and Optics Division, George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7-2RD UK
| | - D. Furniss
- Electrical Systems and Optics Division, George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7-2RD UK
| | - Ł. Sójka
- Electrical Systems and Optics Division, George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7-2RD UK
- Institute of Telecommunications and Acoustics, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - E. Bereś-Pawlik
- Institute of Telecommunications and Acoustics, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - K. Scholle
- LISA Laser Products OHG Fuhrberg & Teichmann, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
| | - S. Lamrini
- LISA Laser Products OHG Fuhrberg & Teichmann, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
| | - P. Furberg
- LISA Laser Products OHG Fuhrberg & Teichmann, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
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Sakr H, Furniss D, Tang Z, Sojka L, Moneim NA, Barney E, Sujecki S, Benson TM, Seddon AB. Superior photoluminescence (PL) of Pr³⁺-In, compared to Pr³⁺-Ga, selenide-chalcogenide bulk glasses and PL of optically-clad fiber. Opt Express 2014; 22:21236-21252. [PMID: 25321504 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.021236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The photoluminescent-(PL)-properties of Pr³⁺-ions in indium-containing selenide-chalcogenide bulk-glasses are found to be superior when compared with gallium-containing analogues. We observe circa doubling of mid-infrared (MIR) PL intensity from 3.5 to 6 μm for bulk glasses, pumped at 1.55 μm wavelength, and an increased excited state lifetime at 4.7 μm. PL is reported in optically-clad fiber. Ga addition is well known to enhance RE³⁺ solubility and PL behavior, and is believed to form ([RE³⁺]-Se-[Ga(III)]) in the glasses. Indium has the same outer electronic-structure as gallium for solvating the RE-ions. Moreover, indium is heavier and promotes lower phonon energy locally around the RE-ion, thereby enhancing the RE-ion PL behavior, as observed here.
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MacKenzie R, Lim JJ, Bull S, Sujecki S, Kent AJ, Larkins EC. The impact of hot-phonons on the performance of 1.3µm dilute nitride edge-emitting quantum well lasers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/92/1/012068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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