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Sonzini G, Granados-Aparici S, Sanegre S, Diaz-Lagares A, Diaz-Martin J, de Andrea C, Eritja N, Bao-Caamano A, Costa-Fraga N, García-Ros D, Salguero-Aranda C, Davidson B, López-López R, Melero I, Navarro S, Ramon y Cajal S, de Alava E, Matias-Guiu X, Noguera R. Integrating digital pathology with transcriptomic and epigenomic tools for predicting metastatic uterine tumor aggressiveness. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1052098. [DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1052098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of new cancer cases is expected to increase significantly in the future, posing a worldwide problem. In this regard, precision oncology and its diagnostic tools are essential for developing personalized cancer treatments. Digital pathology (DP) is a particularly key strategy to study the interactions of tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), which play a crucial role in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to integrate data on the digital patterns of reticulin fiber scaffolding and the immune cell infiltrate, transcriptomic and epigenetic profiles in aggressive uterine adenocarcinoma (uADC), uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) and their respective lung metastases, with the aim of obtaining key TME biomarkers that can help improve metastatic prediction and shed light on potential therapeutic targets. Automatized algorithms were used to analyze reticulin fiber architecture and immune infiltration in colocalized regions of interest (ROIs) of 133 invasive tumor front (ITF), 89 tumor niches and 70 target tissues in a total of six paired samples of uADC and nine of uLMS. Microdissected tissue from the ITF was employed for transcriptomic and epigenetic studies in primary and metastatic tumors. Reticulin fiber scaffolding was characterized by a large and loose reticular fiber network in uADC, while dense bundles were found in uLMS. Notably, more similarities between reticulin fibers were observed in paired uLMS then paired uADCs. Transcriptomic and multiplex immunofluorescence-based immune profiling showed a higher abundance of T and B cells in primary tumor and in metastatic uADC than uLMS. Moreover, the epigenetic signature of paired samples in uADCs showed more differences than paired samples in uLMS. Some epigenetic variation was also found between the ITF of metastatic uADC and uLMS. Altogether, our data suggest a correlation between morphological and molecular changes at the ITF and the degree of aggressiveness. The use of DP tools for characterizing reticulin scaffolding and immune cell infiltration at the ITF in paired samples together with information provided by omics analyses in a large cohort will hopefully help validate novel biomarkers of tumor aggressiveness, develop new drugs and improve patient quality of life in a much more efficient way.
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Sanegre S, Eritja N, de Andrea C, Diaz-Martin J, Diaz-Lagares Á, Jácome MA, Salguero-Aranda C, García Ros D, Davidson B, Lopez R, Melero I, Navarro S, Ramon Y Cajal S, de Alava E, Matias-Guiu X, Noguera R. Characterizing the Invasive Tumor Front of Aggressive Uterine Adenocarcinoma and Leiomyosarcoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:670185. [PMID: 34150764 PMCID: PMC8209546 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.670185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasive tumor front (the tumor–host interface) is vitally important in malignant cell progression and metastasis. Tumor cell interactions with resident and infiltrating host cells and with the surrounding extracellular matrix and secreted factors ultimately determine the fate of the tumor. Herein we focus on the invasive tumor front, making an in-depth characterization of reticular fiber scaffolding, infiltrating immune cells, gene expression, and epigenetic profiles of classified aggressive primary uterine adenocarcinomas (24 patients) and leiomyosarcomas (11 patients). Sections of formalin-fixed samples before and after microdissection were scanned and studied. Reticular fiber architecture and immune cell infiltration were analyzed by automatized algorithms in colocalized regions of interest. Despite morphometric resemblance between reticular fibers and high presence of macrophages, we found some variance in other immune cell populations and distinctive gene expression and cell adhesion-related methylation signatures. Although no evident overall differences in immune response were detected at the gene expression and methylation level, impaired antimicrobial humoral response might be involved in uterine leiomyosarcoma spread. Similarities found at the invasive tumor front of uterine adenocarcinomas and leiomyosarcomas could facilitate the use of common biomarkers and therapies. Furthermore, molecular and architectural characterization of the invasive front of uterine malignancies may provide additional prognostic information beyond established prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Sanegre
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Núria Eritja
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de LLeida (IRBLLEIDA), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Department of Pathology, Hospital U Arnau de Vilanova and Hospital U de Bellvitge, University of Lleida - University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos de Andrea
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Diaz-Martin
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Ángel Diaz-Lagares
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Amalia Jácome
- Department of Mathematics, MODES Group, CITIC, Faculty of Science, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carmen Salguero-Aranda
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - David García Ros
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ben Davidson
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rafel Lopez
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Samuel Navarro
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Santiago Ramon Y Cajal
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique de Alava
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de LLeida (IRBLLEIDA), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Department of Pathology, Hospital U Arnau de Vilanova and Hospital U de Bellvitge, University of Lleida - University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Noguera
- Cancer CIBER (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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Frago S, Nicholls RD, Strickland M, Hughes J, Williams C, Garner L, Surakhy M, Maclean R, Rezgui D, Prince SN, Zaccheo OJ, Ebner D, Sanegre S, Yu S, Buffa FM, Crump MP, Hassan AB. Functional evolution of IGF2:IGF2R domain 11 binding generates novel structural interactions and a specific IGF2 antagonist. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E2766-75. [PMID: 27140600 PMCID: PMC4878476 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1513023113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the 15 extracellular domains of the mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor-2 receptor (M6P/IGF2R), domain 11 has evolved a binding site for IGF2 to negatively regulate ligand bioavailability and mammalian growth. Despite the highly evolved structural loops of the IGF2:domain 11 binding site, affinity-enhancing AB loop mutations suggest that binding is modifiable. Here we examine the extent to which IGF2:domain 11 affinity, and its specificity over IGF1, can be enhanced, and we examine the structural basis of the mechanistic and functional consequences. Domain 11 binding loop mutants were selected by yeast surface display combined with high-resolution structure-based predictions, and validated by surface plasmon resonance. We discovered previously unidentified mutations in the ligand-interacting surface binding loops (AB, CD, FG, and HI). Five combined mutations increased rigidity of the AB loop, as confirmed by NMR. When added to three independently identified CD and FG loop mutations that reduced the koff value by twofold, these mutations resulted in an overall selective 100-fold improvement in affinity. The structural basis of the evolved affinity was improved shape complementarity established by interloop (AB-CD) and intraloop (FG-FG) side chain interactions. The high affinity of the combinatorial domain 11 Fc fusion proteins functioned as ligand-soluble antagonists or traps that depleted pathological IGF2 isoforms from serum and abrogated IGF2-dependent signaling in vivo. An evolved and reengineered high-specificity M6P/IGF2R domain 11 binding site for IGF2 may improve therapeutic targeting of the frequent IGF2 gain of function observed in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Frago
- Tumour Growth Control Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan D Nicholls
- Department of Organic and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Madeleine Strickland
- Department of Organic and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Hughes
- Tumour Growth Control Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Williams
- Department of Organic and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Garner
- Tumour Growth Control Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Mirvat Surakhy
- Tumour Growth Control Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Rory Maclean
- Tumour Growth Control Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Dellel Rezgui
- Tumour Growth Control Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart N Prince
- Tumour Growth Control Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver J Zaccheo
- Tumour Growth Control Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Ebner
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sabina Sanegre
- Tumour Growth Control Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Sheng Yu
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca M Buffa
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew P Crump
- Department of Organic and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom;
| | - Andrew Bassim Hassan
- Tumour Growth Control Group, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom;
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