Alanazi GA, Alrashidi AS, Alqarni KS, khozym SAA, Alenzi S. Meningitis post-cochlear implant and role of vaccination.
Saudi Med J 2022;
43:1300-1308. [PMID:
36517062 PMCID:
PMC9994524 DOI:
10.15537/smj.2022.43.12.20220426]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and management of meningitis in cochlear implant (CI)users.
METHODS
A systematic review was carried out using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register. Articles were considered relevant if reported any data on incidence, clinical presentations, the role of vaccination, management, and outcomes of meningitis after CI.
RESULTS
A total of 32 studies including 27358 patients were included, and meningitis was reported in only 202 cases. Meningitis occurred in the period ranging from 1 day to 72 months after CI. A total of 55 patients received the pneumococcal vaccine, while 20 patients received the Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine. A large number of participants (n=47) had associated anatomical malformations, while 62 had otitis media before meningitis. A total of 24 cases required revision surgery along with medical treatment. Full recovery was the outcome reported by the included studies in 19 patients.
CONCLUSION
Cochlear implant users seem to be at possible risk of bacterial meningitis at any time after implantation, especially in the presence of risk factors, such as otitis media and anatomical malformations of the cochlea.
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