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McGregor JN, Farris CA, Ensley S, Schneider A, Wang C, Liu Y, Tu J, Elmore H, Ronayne KD, Wessel R, Dyer EL, Bhaskaran-Nair K, Holtzman DM, Hengen KB. Tauopathy severely disrupts homeostatic set-points in emergent neural dynamics but not in the activity of individual neurons. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.01.555947. [PMID: 37732214 PMCID: PMC10508737 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.01.555947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The homeostatic regulation of neuronal activity is essential for robust computation; key set-points, such as firing rate, are actively stabilized to compensate for perturbations. From this perspective, the disruption of brain function central to neurodegenerative disease should reflect impairments of computationally essential set-points. Despite connecting neurodegeneration to functional outcomes, the impact of disease on set-points in neuronal activity is unknown. Here we present a comprehensive, theory-driven investigation of the effects of tau-mediated neurodegeneration on homeostatic set-points in neuronal activity. In a mouse model of tauopathy, we examine 27,000 hours of hippocampal recordings during free behavior throughout disease progression. Contrary to our initial hypothesis that tauopathy would impact set-points in spike rate and variance, we found that cell-level set-points are resilient to even the latest stages of disease. Instead, we find that tauopathy disrupts neuronal activity at the network-level, which we quantify using both pairwise measures of neuron interactions as well as measurement of the network's nearness to criticality, an ideal computational regime that is known to be a homeostatic set-point. We find that shifts in network criticality 1) track with symptoms, 2) predict underlying anatomical and molecular pathology, 3) occur in a sleep/wake dependent manner, and 4) can be used to reliably classify an animal's genotype. Our data suggest that the critical set-point is intact, but that homeostatic machinery is progressively incapable of stabilizing hippocampal networks, particularly during waking. This work illustrates how neurodegenerative processes can impact the computational capacity of neurobiological systems, and suggest an important connection between molecular pathology, circuit function, and animal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N McGregor
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Clayton A Farris
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sahara Ensley
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aidan Schneider
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Institute for Brain Science and Disease, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jianhong Tu
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Halla Elmore
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Keenan D Ronayne
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ralf Wessel
- Department of Physics, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eva L Dyer
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Keith B Hengen
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Schneider A, Azabou M, McDougall-Vigier L, Parks DF, Ensley S, Bhaskaran-Nair K, Nowakowski T, Dyer EL, Hengen KB. Transcriptomic cell type structures in vivo neuronal activity across multiple timescales. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112318. [PMID: 36995938 PMCID: PMC10539488 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell type is hypothesized to be a key determinant of a neuron's role within a circuit. Here, we examine whether a neuron's transcriptomic type influences the timing of its activity. We develop a deep-learning architecture that learns features of interevent intervals across timescales (ms to >30 min). We show that transcriptomic cell-class information is embedded in the timing of single neuron activity in the intact brain of behaving animals (calcium imaging and extracellular electrophysiology) as well as in a bio-realistic model of the visual cortex. Further, a subset of excitatory cell types are distinguishable but can be classified with higher accuracy when considering cortical layer and projection class. Finally, we show that computational fingerprints of cell types may be universalizable across structured stimuli and naturalistic movies. Our results indicate that transcriptomic class and type may be imprinted in the timing of single neuron activity across diverse stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan Schneider
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Mehdi Azabou
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | | | - David F Parks
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Sahara Ensley
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Kiran Bhaskaran-Nair
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Tomasz Nowakowski
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Eva L Dyer
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Keith B Hengen
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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Blank CP, Gunn PJ, Schrunk D, Ensley S, Madson D, Hansen SL. 0244 Effects of injectable trace mineral supplementation on yearling bull growth, carcass characteristics, testicular development and semen quality attributes. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Patience JF, Myers AJ, Ensley S, Jacobs BM, Madson D. Evaluation of two mycotoxin mitigation strategies in grow-finish swine diets containing corn dried distillers grains with solubles naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:620-6. [PMID: 24398837 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-6238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 1,040 growing pigs (initially, 22.9 ± 4.3 kg) were used in a 115-d study to evaluate the effects of 2 mycotoxin mitigation strategies, a preservative blend (PB) and a yeast product (YP), on the growth performance of swine fed diets containing corn dried distillers grains with solubles naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol (DON). The PB consists of preservatives, antioxidants, AA, and direct-fed microbials and is included in diets to help pigs cope with the toxic effects of ingested mycotoxins. The YP works as an adsorbent to bind and prevent the absorption of mycotoxins in the gastrointestinal tract. Pigs were allotted to pens by initial BW and sex; pens were then assigned to treatments in a randomized block design with initial BW and sex serving as the blocking factors. Pens were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments consisting of a positive control (PC) containing <1 mg kg(-1) DON, a negative control (NC) formulated to contain 4 mg kg(-1) DON, NC with PB, and NC with YP. From d 0 to 42 and 42 to 84, no effect of diets containing PB or YP were observed for any of the growth criteria evaluated. From d 84 to 115, pigs fed PC or diets containing PB had improved (P < 0.05) ADG compared to pigs fed NC or diets containing YP, whereas pigs fed YP had improved (P < 0.05) ADG compared to those fed NC. Pigs fed diets containing PB or YP had improved (P < 0.05) ADFI and G:F compared to pigs fed NC. Overall (d 0 to 115), pigs fed diets containing PB had improved (P < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, and G:F compared to pigs fed NC. These results indicate that PB may be a suitable mycotoxin mitigation strategy in growing swine fed diets naturally contaminated with DON.
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Fogarty U, Perl D, Good P, Ensley S, Seawright A, Noonan J. A cluster of equine granulomatous enteritis cases: the link with aluminium. Vet Hum Toxicol 1998; 40:297-305. [PMID: 9778770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
A cluster of 6 cases of equine granulomatous enteritis is described. Aluminium was demonstrated in the tissues and lesions of these horses and in the intimal bodies of intestinal vessels. The relationship between granulomatous lesions, aluminium, acidity and invading microorganisms, particularly parasites, is presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Fogarty
- Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, Co Kildare, Ireland
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