1
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Hao MS, Mazurkewich S, Li H, Kvammen A, Saha S, Koskela S, Inman AR, Nakajima M, Tanaka N, Nakai H, Brändén G, Bulone V, Larsbrink J, McKee LS. Structural and biochemical analysis of family 92 carbohydrate-binding modules uncovers multivalent binding to β-glucans. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3429. [PMID: 38653764 PMCID: PMC11039641 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47584-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) are non-catalytic proteins found appended to carbohydrate-active enzymes. Soil and marine bacteria secrete such enzymes to scavenge nutrition, and they often use CBMs to improve reaction rates and retention of released sugars. Here we present a structural and functional analysis of the recently established CBM family 92. All proteins analysed bind preferentially to β-1,6-glucans. This contrasts with the diversity of predicted substrates among the enzymes attached to CBM92 domains. We present crystal structures for two proteins, and confirm by mutagenesis that tryptophan residues permit ligand binding at three distinct functional binding sites on each protein. Multivalent CBM families are uncommon, so the establishment and structural characterisation of CBM92 enriches the classification database and will facilitate functional prediction in future projects. We propose that CBM92 proteins may cross-link polysaccharides in nature, and might have use in novel strategies for enzyme immobilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Shu Hao
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Scott Mazurkewich
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Teknikringen 56-58, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - He Li
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alma Kvammen
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Srijani Saha
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Salla Koskela
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Teknikringen 56-58, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annie R Inman
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Masahiro Nakajima
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Nobukiyo Tanaka
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Gisela Brändén
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vincent Bulone
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park Campus, Sturt Road, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Johan Larsbrink
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Teknikringen 56-58, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lauren S McKee
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Teknikringen 56-58, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden.
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2
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Wang S, Li L, Zha L, Koskela S, Berglund LA, Zhou Q. Wood xerogel for fabrication of high-performance transparent wood. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2827. [PMID: 37198187 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38481-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Optically transparent wood has been fabricated by structure-retaining delignification of wood and subsequent infiltration of thermo- or photocurable polymer resins but still limited by the intrinsic low mesopore volume of the delignified wood. Here we report a facile approach to fabricate strong transparent wood composites using the wood xerogel which allows solvent-free infiltration of resin monomers into the wood cell wall under ambient conditions. The wood xerogel with high specific surface area (260 m2 g-1) and high mesopore volume (0.37 cm3 g-1) is prepared by evaporative drying of delignified wood comprising fibrillated cell walls at ambient pressure. The mesoporous wood xerogel is compressible in the transverse direction and provides precise control of the microstructure, wood volume fraction, and mechanical properties for the transparent wood composites without compromising the optical transmittance. Transparent wood composites of large size and high wood volume fraction (50%) are successfully prepared, demonstrating potential scalability of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shennan Wang
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Lengwan Li
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Li Zha
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Salla Koskela
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Lars A Berglund
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Qi Zhou
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden.
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3
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Koskela S, Wang S, Li L, Zha L, Berglund LA, Zhou Q. An Oxidative Enzyme Boosting Mechanical and Optical Performance of Densified Wood Films. Small 2023; 19:e2205056. [PMID: 36703510 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nature has evolved elegant ways to alter the wood cell wall structure through carbohydrate-active enzymes, offering environmentally friendly solutions to tailor the microstructure of wood for high-performance materials. In this work, the cell wall structure of delignified wood is modified under mild reaction conditions using an oxidative enzyme, lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO). LPMO oxidation results in nanofibrillation of cellulose microfibril bundles inside the wood cell wall, allowing densification of delignified wood under ambient conditions and low pressure into transparent anisotropic films. The enzymatic nanofibrillation facilitates microfibril fusion and enhances the adhesion between the adjacent wood fiber cells during densification process, thereby significantly improving the mechanical performance of the films in both longitudinal and transverse directions. These results improve the understanding of LPMO-induced microstructural changes in wood and offer an environmentally friendly alternative for harsh chemical treatments and energy-intensive densification processes thus representing a significant advance in sustainable production of high-performance wood-derived materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salla Koskela
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Shennan Wang
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Lengwan Li
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Li Zha
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Lars A Berglund
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Qi Zhou
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
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4
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Fang W, Nonappa, Vitikainen M, Mohammadi P, Koskela S, Soikkeli M, Westerholm-Parvinen A, Landowski CP, Penttilä M, Linder MB, Laaksonen P. Coacervation of resilin fusion proteins containing terminal functionalities. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 171:590-596. [PMID: 30098537 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase transition known as coacervation of resilin-like-peptide fusion proteins containing different terminal domains were investigated. Two different modular proteins were designed and produced and their behavior were compared to a resilin-like-peptide without terminal domains. The size of the particle-like coacervates was modulated by the protein concentration, pH and temperature. The morphology and three-dimensional (3D) structural details of the coacervate particles were investigated by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and tomography (cryo-ET) reconstruction. Selective adhesion of the coacervates on cellulose and graphene surfaces was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Fang
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-00076, AALTO, Finland
| | - Nonappa
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-00076, AALTO, Finland; Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-00076, AALTO, Finland
| | - Marika Vitikainen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, FI-02044, VTT, Finland
| | - Pezhman Mohammadi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-00076, AALTO, Finland
| | - Salla Koskela
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, FI-02044, VTT, Finland
| | - Miika Soikkeli
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, FI-02044, VTT, Finland
| | | | | | - Merja Penttilä
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-00076, AALTO, Finland; VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, FI-02044, VTT, Finland
| | - Markus B Linder
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-00076, AALTO, Finland
| | - Päivi Laaksonen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-00076, AALTO, Finland.
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5
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Polvi A, Peräsaari J, Linjama T, Saarinen T, Koskela S, Voorter CEM, Jaatinen T. Description of four new HLA alleles in the Finnish population: A*03:283N
, A*68:167
, C*03:327
, C*03:361. HLA 2017; 91:61-62. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Polvi
- Histocompatibility Testing Laboratory; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - J. Peräsaari
- Histocompatibility Testing Laboratory; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - T. Linjama
- Histocompatibility Testing Laboratory; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - T. Saarinen
- Histocompatibility Testing Laboratory; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - S. Koskela
- Histocompatibility Testing Laboratory; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - C. E. M. Voorter
- Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory; Maastricht University Medical Center; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - T. Jaatinen
- Histocompatibility Testing Laboratory; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
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6
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Fang W, Paananen A, Vitikainen M, Koskela S, Westerholm-Parvinen A, Joensuu JJ, Landowski CP, Penttilä M, Linder MB, Laaksonen P. Elastic and pH-Responsive Hybrid Interfaces Created with Engineered Resilin and Nanocellulose. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1866-1873. [PMID: 28440631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated how a genetically engineered resilin fusion protein modifies cellulose surfaces. We characterized the pH-responsive behavior of a resilin-like polypeptide (RLP) having terminal cellulose binding modules (CBM) and showed its binding to cellulose nanofibrils (CNF). Characterization of the resilin fusion protein at different pHs revealed substantial conformational changes of the protein, which were observed as swelling and contraction of the protein layer bound to the nanocellulose surface. In addition, we showed that employment of the modified resilin in cellulose hydrogel and nanopaper increased their modulus of stiffness through a cross-linking effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Fang
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University , Espoo, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Arja Paananen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Marika Vitikainen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Salla Koskela
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | | | - Jussi J Joensuu
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | | | - Merja Penttilä
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Markus B Linder
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University , Espoo, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Päivi Laaksonen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University , Espoo, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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7
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Linjama T, Impola U, Niittyvuopio R, Kuittinen O, Kaare A, Rimpiläinen J, Volin L, Peräsaari J, Jaatinen T, Lauronen J, Saarinen T, Juvonen E, Partanen J, Koskela S. Conflicting HLA assignment by three different typing methods due to the apparent loss of heterozygosity in the MHC region. HLA 2016; 87:350-5. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.12770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Linjama
- Department of Research and Development; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - U. Impola
- Department of Research and Development; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - R. Niittyvuopio
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit; Helsinki University Central Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - O. Kuittinen
- Department of Oncology; Oulu University Hospital; Oulu Finland
| | - A. Kaare
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation; Tarto University Hospital; Tarto Estonia
| | - J. Rimpiläinen
- Department of Internal Medicine; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - L. Volin
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit; Helsinki University Central Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - J. Peräsaari
- Department of Research and Development; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - T. Jaatinen
- Department of Research and Development; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - J. Lauronen
- Department of Research and Development; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - T. Saarinen
- Department of Research and Development; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - E. Juvonen
- Department of Research and Development; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - J. Partanen
- Department of Research and Development; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
| | - S. Koskela
- Department of Research and Development; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service; Helsinki Finland
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8
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Haimila K, Peräsaari J, Linjama T, Koskela S, Saarinenl T, Lauronen J, Auvinen MK, Jaatinen T. HLA antigen, allele and haplotype frequencies and their use in virtual panel reactive antigen calculations in the Finnish population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 81:35-43. [PMID: 23216287 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antigen, allele and haplotype frequencies of the Finnish population are quite unique because of a rather restricted and homogeneous gene pool. This has a strong influence on finding suitable donors for transplant patients; hence knowledge about the HLA frequencies of the patient population is essential. Here we report the HLA antigen frequencies for a large population sample and show high resolution HLA allele frequencies for 11 loci, including the rarely typed DPA1 and DQA1 loci. Furthermore, the most common Finnish high resolution haplotypes are presented for five HLA loci. The study shows that there are fewer HLA haplotypes in the Finnish population compared with mixed populations, and the common Finnish HLA haplotypes are more frequent. Using HLA antibody identification and panel reactive antibody calculations we show that a virtual population-specific panel, combined with single antigen testing, gives a more accurate and reliable estimate of the reactivity of the recipient serum against potential solid organ donors within the Finnish population. The results can be directly used to improve donor search for patients waiting for stem cell transplantation and to allocate highly immunised patients accurately to acceptable mismatch programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Haimila
- Clinical Laboratory, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland.
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9
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Vainio A, Koskela S, Virolainen A, Vuopio J, Salmenlinna S. Adapting spa typing for national laboratory-based surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2011; 30:789-97. [PMID: 21271269 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-011-1158-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory-based surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) monitors the baseline occurrence of different genotypes and identifies strains and transmission chains responsible for outbreaks. The consequences of substituting pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with spa typing as a first-line typing method were analyzed by typing 589 strains isolated between 1997 and 2006, with a focus on both short- and long-term correspondence between the PFGE and spa typing results. The study, covering these ten years, included all Finnish MRSA blood isolates and representatives of the two most prevalent MRSA strains (PFGE types FIN-4 and FIN-16) in Finland. In addition, all sporadic isolates from 2006 were included. spa typing was more expensive but approximately four times faster to perform than PFGE. Nearly 90% of FIN-4 and FIN-16 isolates showed consistent spa types, t172 and t067, respectively. spa typing predicted the PFGE result of the blood isolates by a Wallace coefficient of 0.9009, recognized internationally successful strains (t041, t067) to be common also in Finland, and identified a separate cluster of isolates, also related in time and place among the FIN-4 strains. Additional typing by another method was needed to provide adequate discrimination or to characterize isolates with a newly recognized spa type in Finland.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vainio
- Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland.
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10
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Osterblad M, Kirveskari J, Koskela S, Tissari P, Vuorenoja K, Hakanen AJ, Vaara M, Jalava J. First isolations of KPC-2-carrying ST258 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Finland, June and August 2009. Euro Surveill 2009; 14:19349. [PMID: 19822122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The first two Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing (KPC) type 2 strains carrying ST258 were detected in Finland in June and early August 2009. They were found colonising two patients transferred from the Mediterranean; one patient referred from a hospital in Greece where isolates were first found in 2007 and another from Italy where the first isolates have been described only very recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Osterblad
- Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku Finland.
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11
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Österblad M, Kirveskari J, Koskela S, Tissari P, Vuorenoja K, Hakanen AJ, Vaara M, Jalava J. First isolations of KPC-2-carrying ST258 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Finland, June and August 2009. Euro Surveill 2009. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.14.40.19349-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The first two Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing (KPC) type 2 strains carrying ST258 were detected in Finland in June and early August 2009. They were found colonising two patients transferred from the Mediterranean; one patient referred from a hospital in Greece where isolates were first found in 2007 and another from Italy where the first isolates have been described only very recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Österblad
- Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku Finland
| | - J Kirveskari
- Department of Bacteriology, Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory (HUSLAB), Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Koskela
- Department of Bacteriology, Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory (HUSLAB), Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Tissari
- Department of Bacteriology, Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory (HUSLAB), Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Vuorenoja
- Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku Finland
| | - A J Hakanen
- Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku Finland
| | - M Vaara
- Department of Bacteriology, Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory (HUSLAB), Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Jalava
- Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku Finland
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12
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Peräsaari JP, Koskela S, Partanen J. Characterization a novel HLA-B40 allele with serological Bw4 motif, HLA-B*4047, in the Finnish population and confirmation of B*270503 allele. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 63:595-7. [PMID: 15140040 DOI: 10.1111/j.0001-2815.2004.00230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe a novel HLA-B*40 allele assigned as B*4047*. The B*4047 allele was detected in a Finnish patient awaiting kidney transplantation. The patient had a "short" B60-like serological specificity with Bw4 association. After sequencing, the B*4047 allele was found to be identical to B*4001, except having five amino acid changes in exon 2, including the entire motif corresponding to Bw4 and w6 specificity. As a result of recombination or gene conversion, B*4047 has the Bw4 motif instead of expected Bw6. Screening of B40 alleles in the Finnish population revealed no other cases with this pattern, suggesting that this allele is rare. The sequence of B*270503 presented here provides the complete sequence for exons 2 and 3 for this allele. B*270503 allele differs from B*270502 by a single synonymous nucleotide substitution at non-variable position 489 in exon 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Peräsaari
- Department of Tissue Typing, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland.
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13
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Kekomäki S, Koskela S, Laes M, Teramo K, Kekomäki R. Neonatal thrombocytopenia in two of six human platelet alloantigen (HPA) 5a-positive children of an HPA-5a-immunized mother. Transfus Med 2000; 10:81-5. [PMID: 10760207 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3148.2000.00235.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We describe a human platelet alloantigen (HPA) 5a-alloimmunized HPA-5b5b mother. The children were obligatory heterozygotes for HPA-5a but despite IgG class maternal anti-HPA-5a antibodies only two (second and fifth) of the six children developed neonatal thrombocytopenia. Throughout the 4-year follow-up the mother had anti-HPA-5a antibodies (confirmed in the 8th Platelet serology workshop of International Society of Blood Transfusion in 1996). Antibodies against glycoproteins (GP) IIbIIIa or IbIX were not detected. Differences in the children's HPA type (HPA-1, -2, -3, -5) did not correlate with thrombocytopenia. We hypothesized that different expression of GPIaIIa recently associated with two silent polymorphisms (C807T and G873A) of GPIa could explain the unpredictable recurrence pattern of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT). Both parents were homozygous for the silent polymorphisms (C807 and G873) associated with the low expression of GP Ia. Thus, the inheritance pattern of the silent polymorphisms (C807T and G873A) did not help in predicting the recurrence risk of thrombocytopenia in the offspring. More detailed comprehension of the natural history of NAIT would be necessary to enable directing fetal blood sampling to the cases at the highest risk of thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kekomäki
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Helsinki; Central Hospital of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Koskela S, Hakkola J, Hukkanen J, Pelkonen O, Sorri M, Saranen A, Anttila S, Fernandez-Salguero P, Gonzalez F, Raunio H. Expression of CYP2A genes in human liver and extrahepatic tissues. Biochem Pharmacol 1999; 57:1407-13. [PMID: 10353262 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(99)00015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Members of the human cytochrome P450 2A (CYP2A) subfamily are known to metabolize several promutagens, procarcinogens, and pharmaceuticals. In this study, the expression of the three genes found in the human CYP2A gene cluster was investigated in the liver and several extrahepatic tissues by gene-specific reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). All three transcripts (CYP2A6, CYP2A7, and CYP2A13) were found to be present in liver. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that CYP2A6 and CYP2A7 mRNAs were present at roughly equal levels in the liver, while CYP2A13 was expressed at very low levels. Two putative splicing variants of CYP2A7 were found in the liver. Nasal mucosa contained a low level of CYP2A6 and a relatively high level of CYP2A13 transcripts. Kidney, duodenum, lung, alveolar macrophages, peripheral lymphocytes, placenta, and uterine endometrium were negative for all transcripts. This survey gives a comprehensive picture of the expression pattern of CYP2A genes in liver and extrahepatic tissues and constitutes a basis for a search for functional CYP2A forms and their roles in chemical toxicity in liver and nasal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koskela
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
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Koskela S, Javela K, Jouppila J, Juvonen E, Nyblom O, Partanen J, Kekomäki R. Variant Bernard-Soulier syndrome due to homozygous Asn45Ser mutation in the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IX in seven patients of five unrelated Finnish families. Eur J Haematol Suppl 1999; 62:256-64. [PMID: 10227459 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1999.tb01755.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS), a rare bleeding disorder with macrothrombocytopenia, is caused by a defect of the platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib/IX/V complex. Here we report a variant form of BSS in eleven patients of five unrelated families who originate from a particular area of Finland. The differential diagnosis from idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura was difficult. Bleeding symptoms were epistaxis and haematomas debuting in childhood, but no spontaneous, severe bleeding episodes were reported. The platelet count varied from 43 to 81x10(9)/l. Screening the entire GP Ibalpha, GP Ibbeta, GP IX and GP V genes revealed a recurrent homozygous Asn45Ser mutation in GP IX in all probands. Flow cytometry showed markedly reduced expression of GP Ib (<10%), and only moderately reduced expression of GP IX (24-36%) and GP V (38-49%). The expression of subunits seemed to vary independently from the normal polymorphisms. Heterozygotes did not differ significantly from controls by their GP Ib/IX/V expression. Since the Asn45Ser mutation has also been reported in three other kindreds of northern and central European origin, this study reveals that instead of being a mutation hot spot, it may be ancient and scattered in Europe. Moderate, chronic thrombocytopenia should be carefully studied to diagnose variant BSS correctly from treatment resistant idiopathic thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koskela
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Helsinki
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Koskela S, Partanen J, Salmi TT, Kekomäki R. Molecular characterization of two mutations in platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib alpha in two Finnish Bernard-Soulier syndrome families. Eur J Haematol 1999; 62:160-8. [PMID: 10089893 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1999.tb01739.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) is a rare hereditary bleeding disorder and macrothrombocytopenia which is caused by a defect in the platelet glycoprotein Ib/IX/V (GP Ib/IX/V) complex, the receptor for von Willebrand factor and thrombin. Here we report the molecular basis of the classical form of BSS in two unrelated Finnish patients, both with a life-long history of severe bleeding. Flow cytometry and immunoblotting showed no expression of GP Ib/IX, GP Ib alpha, GP Ib beta or GP IX (less than 10%) in the patients' platelets. No expression of GP V (< 10%) was observed in propositus 1, but a residual amount was found in propositus 2 (24%). DNA sequencing analysis revealed that propositus 1 was compound heterozygous for a two-base-pair deletion at Tyr505(TAT) and a point mutation Leu129(CTC)Pro(CCC) in the GP Ib alpha gene. Propositus 2 was homozygous for the Tyr505(TAT) deletion. The nine relatives who were heterozygous for either of the mutations also had low levels of GP Ib alpha (74-90%). Hence, Bernard-Soulier patients homozygous or compound heterozygous for Tyr505(TAT) are severely affected. Interestingly, both mutations have independently been found in three other families in previous reports, suggesting their ancient age or mutational 'hot spot'.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koskela
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Helsinki, Finland
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Abstract
Platelet glycoproteins Ib beta (CD42c), IX (CD42a), and V (CD42d), together with GP Ib alpha (CD42b), form a receptor whose interaction with the von Willebrand factor is essential in the initial stages of haemostasis. Genetic variation in these proteins can cause alloimmunization leading to neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia and platelet transfusion refractoriness. Defective mutations cause a rare bleeding disorder, Bernard-Soulier syndrome. Only two antigenic polymorphisms have thus far been established in these proteins: the HPA-2 in GP Ib alpha and the rare Iy variant in GP Ib beta. Recently, we reported that only a limited degree of polymorphism can be found in the GP Ib alpha gene; the level of variation in the other components is not known. We therefore systematically screened polymorphism in the GP Ib beta, GP IX, and GP V genes in 50 unrelated Finnish blood donors. Nine polymorphic sites were found in the GP V gene, of which four changed the amino acid code and five were silent. The gene frequencies for substitutions Asp114Tyr, Met273Ile, Gly341Arg, and Leu397Arg were 1%, 1%, 2%, and 1% respectively. The five silent polymorphisms also had low frequencies, 1-4%. No polymorphism was found in the GP Ib beta gene and only one mutation was found in the 3' untranslated region of the GP IX gene. Our results indicate that genetic variation in the GP Ib/IX/V complex is mostly tolerated in the GP V protein--whose function in the complex is not clear whereas the other components have only very limited genetic polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koskela
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Helsinki
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