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Stern Q, Reynard-Feytis Q, Elliott SJ, Ceillier M, Cala O, Ivanov K, Jannin S. Rapid and Simple 13C-Hyperpolarization by 1H Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Followed by an Inline Magnetic Field Inversion. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27576-27586. [PMID: 38054954 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) is a method of choice for preparing hyperpolarized 13C metabolites such as 1-13C-pyruvate used for in vivo applications, including the real-time monitoring of cancer cell metabolism in human patients. The approach consists of transferring the high polarization of electron spins to nuclear spins via microwave irradiation at low temperatures (1.0-1.5 K) and moderate magnetic fields (3.3-7 T). The solid sample is then dissolved and transferred to an NMR spectrometer or MRI scanner for detection in the liquid state. Common dDNP protocols use direct hyperpolarization of 13C spins reaching polarizations of >50% in ∼1-2 h. Alternatively, 1H spins are polarized before transferring their polarization to 13C spins using cross-polarization, reaching polarization levels similar to those of direct DNP in only ∼20 min. However, it relies on more complex instrumentation, requiring highly skilled personnel. Here, we explore an alternative route using 1H dDNP followed by inline adiabatic magnetic field inversion in the liquid state during the transfer. 1H polarizations of >70% in the solid state are obtained in ∼5-10 min. As the hyperpolarized sample travels from the dDNP polarizer to the NMR spectrometer, it goes through a field inversion chamber, which causes the 1H → 13C polarization transfer. This transfer is made possible by the J-coupling between the heteronuclei, which mixes the Zeeman states at zero-field and causes an antilevel crossing. We report liquid-state 13C polarization up to ∼17% for 3-13C-pyruvate and 13C-formate. The instrumentation needed to perform this experiment in addition to a conventional dDNP polarizer is simple and readily assembled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Stern
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CRMN UMR-5082, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Villeurbanne 69100 France
| | - Quentin Reynard-Feytis
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CRMN UMR-5082, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Villeurbanne 69100 France
| | - Stuart J Elliott
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CRMN UMR-5082, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Villeurbanne 69100 France
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Morgan Ceillier
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CRMN UMR-5082, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Villeurbanne 69100 France
| | - Olivier Cala
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CRMN UMR-5082, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Villeurbanne 69100 France
| | - Konstantin Ivanov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Sami Jannin
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CRMN UMR-5082, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Villeurbanne 69100 France
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2
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Eills J, Budker D, Cavagnero S, Chekmenev EY, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Lesage A, Matysik J, Meersmann T, Prisner T, Reimer JA, Yang H, Koptyug IV. Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1417-1551. [PMID: 36701528 PMCID: PMC9951229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, 08028Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes
Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128Mainz, Germany,Helmholtz-Institut,
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128Mainz, Germany,Department
of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan48202, United States,Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow119991, Russia
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College
London, LondonW12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut
für Analytische Chemie, Universität
Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir
Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University Park, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic
Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, , 60438Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, Siberian
Branch of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, 630090Novosibirsk, Russia,
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3
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Picazo-Frutos R, Stern Q, Blanchard JW, Cala O, Ceillier M, Cousin SF, Eills J, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Budker D. Zero- to Ultralow-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Enhanced with Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. Anal Chem 2023; 95:720-729. [PMID: 36563171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance is a modality of magnetic resonance experiment which does not require strong superconducting magnets. Contrary to conventional high-field nuclear magnetic resonance, it has the advantage of allowing high-resolution detection of nuclear magnetism through metal as well as within heterogeneous media. To achieve high sensitivity, it is common to couple zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance with hyperpolarization techniques. To date, the most common technique is parahydrogen-induced polarization, which is only compatible with a small number of compounds. In this article, we establish dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization as a versatile method to enhance signals in zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance experiments on sample mixtures of [13C]sodium formate, [1-13C]glycine, and [2-13C]sodium acetate, and our technique is immediately extendable to a broad range of molecules with >1 s relaxation times. We find signal enhancements of up to 11,000 compared with thermal prepolarization in a 2 T permanent magnet. To increase the signal in future experiments, we investigate the relaxation effects of the TEMPOL radicals used for the hyperpolarization process at zero- and ultralow-fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Román Picazo-Frutos
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany.,Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz55128, Germany
| | - Quentin Stern
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany
| | - Olivier Cala
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Morgan Ceillier
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - James Eills
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany.,Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz55128, Germany.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona08028, Spain
| | - Stuart J Elliott
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France.,Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, LondonW12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Sami Jannin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany.,Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz55128, Germany
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Negroni M, Turhan E, Kress T, Ceillier M, Jannin S, Kurzbach D. Frémy’s Salt as a Low-Persistence Hyperpolarization Agent: Efficient Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Plus Rapid Radical Scavenging. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20680-20686. [PMID: 36322908 PMCID: PMC9673139 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a key
technique
for molecular structure determination in solution. However, due to
its low sensitivity, many efforts have been made to improve signal
strengths and reduce the required substrate amounts. In this regard,
dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (DDNP) is a versatile approach
as signal enhancements of over 10 000-fold are achievable.
Samples are signal-enhanced ex situ by transferring
electronic polarization from radicals to nuclear spins before dissolving
and shuttling the boosted sample to an NMR spectrometer for detection.
However, the applicability of DDNP suffers from one major drawback,
namely, paramagnetic relaxation enhancements (PREs) that critically
reduce relaxation times due to the codissolved radicals. PREs are
the primary source of polarization losses canceling the signal improvements
obtained by DNP. We solve this problem by using potassium nitrosodisulfonate
(Frémy’s salt) as polarization agent (PA), which provides
high nuclear spin polarization and allows for rapid scavenging under
mild reducing conditions. We demonstrate the potential of Frémy’s
salt, (i) showing that both 1H and 13C polarization
of ∼30% can be achieved and (ii) describing a hybrid sample
shuttling system (HySSS) that can be used with any DDNP/NMR combination
to remove the PA before NMR detection. This gadget mixes the hyperpolarized
solution with a radical scavenger and injects it into an NMR tube,
providing, within a few seconds, quantitatively radical-free, highly
polarized solutions. The cost efficiency and broad availability of
Frémy’s salt might facilitate the use of DDNP in many
fields of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Negroni
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ertan Turhan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Kress
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Morgan Ceillier
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs (UMR 5082) Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs (UMR 5082) Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Dennis Kurzbach
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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5
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Dey A, Charrier B, Lemaitre K, Ribay V, Eshchenko D, Schnell M, Melzi R, Stern Q, Cousin S, Kempf J, Jannin S, Dumez JN, Giraudeau P. Fine optimization of a dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization experimental setting for 13C NMR of metabolic samples. Magn Reson (Gott) 2022; 3:183-202. [PMID: 37904870 PMCID: PMC10583282 DOI: 10.5194/mr-3-183-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
NMR-based analysis of metabolite mixtures provides crucial information on biological systems but mostly relies on 1D 1 H experiments for maximizing sensitivity. However, strong peak overlap of 1 H spectra often is a limitation for the analysis of inherently complex biological mixtures. Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP) improves NMR sensitivity by several orders of magnitude, which enables 13 C NMR-based analysis of metabolites at natural abundance. We have recently demonstrated the successful introduction of d-DNP into a full untargeted metabolomics workflow applied to the study of plant metabolism. Here we describe the systematic optimization of d-DNP experimental settings for experiments at natural 13 C abundance and show how the resolution, sensitivity, and ultimately the number of detectable signals improve as a result. We have systematically optimized the parameters involved (in a semi-automated prototype d-DNP system, from sample preparation to signal detection, aiming at providing an optimization guide for potential users of such a system, who may not be experts in instrumental development). The optimization procedure makes it possible to detect previously inaccessible protonated 13 C signals of metabolites at natural abundance with at least 4 times improved line shape and a high repeatability compared to a previously reported d-DNP-enhanced untargeted metabolomic study. This extends the application scope of hyperpolarized 13 C NMR at natural abundance and paves the way to a more general use of DNP-hyperpolarized NMR in metabolomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Dey
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Benoît Charrier
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Karine Lemaitre
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Victor Ribay
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Dmitry Eshchenko
- Bruker Biospin, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - Marc Schnell
- Bruker Biospin, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Melzi
- Bruker Biospin, Viale V. Lancetti 43, 20158 Milan, Italy
| | - Quentin Stern
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1,
ENS de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs (CRMN), UMR5082,
69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | | - Sami Jannin
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1,
ENS de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs (CRMN), UMR5082,
69100 Villeurbanne, France
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6
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Koptyug IV, Stern Q, Jannin S, Elliott SJ. Frozen water NMR lineshape analysis enables absolute polarization quantification. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:5956-5964. [PMID: 35195621 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05127j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Typical magnetic resonance experiments are routinely limited by weak signal responses. In some cases, the low intrinsic sensitivity can be alleviated by the implementation of hyperpolarization technologies. Dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization offers a means of hyperpolarizing small molecules. Hyperpolarized water is employed in several dynamic nuclear polarization studies, and hence accurate and rapid quantification of the 1H polarization level is of utmost importance. The solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of water acquired under dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization conditions has revealed lineshapes which become asymmetric at high levels of 1H polarization, which is an interesting fundamental problem in itself, but also complicates data interpretation and can prevent correct estimations of polarization levels achieved. In previous studies, attempts to simulate the 1H spectral lineshape of water as a function of the 1H polarization led to significant disagreement with the experimental results. Here we propose and demonstrate that such simulations, and therefore polarization quantification, can be implemented accurately, in particular by taking into account the detector dead time during 1H signal acquisition that can lead to severe spectral distortions. Based on these findings, we employed an echo-based radiofrequency pulse sequence to achieve distortion-free 1H spectra of hyperpolarized water, and adequate simulations of these echo-based spectra were implemented to extract the absolute 1H polarization level from the hyperpolarized water signal only, thus alleviating the need for lengthy and insensitive measurements of thermal equilibrium signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Quentin Stern
- Univ. Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Sami Jannin
- Univ. Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Stuart J Elliott
- Univ. Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
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7
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Elliott SJ, Stern Q, Cala O, Jannin S. Protonation tuned dipolar order mediated 1H→ 13C cross-polarization for dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization experiments. Solid State Nucl Magn Reson 2021; 116:101762. [PMID: 34823210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2021.101762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A strategy of dipolar order mediated nuclear spin polarization transfer has recently been combined with dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) and improved by employing optimized shaped radiofrequency pulses and suitable molecular modifications. In the context of dDNP experiments, this offers a promising means of transferring polarization from high-gamma 1H spins to insensitive 13C spins with lower peak power and lower energy compared with state-of-the-art cross-polarization schemes. The role of local molecular groups and the glassing matrix protonation level are both postulated to play a key role in the polarization transfer pathway via an intermediary reservoir of dipolar spin order. To gain appreciation of the mechanisms involved in the dipolar order mediated polarization transfer under dDNP conditions, we investigate herein the influence of the pivotal characteristics of the sample makeup: (i) revising the protonation level for the constituents of the DNP glass; and (ii) utilizing deuterated molecular derivatives. Experimental demonstrations are presented for the case of [1-13C]sodium acetate. We find that the proton sample molarity has a large impact on both the optimal parameters and the performance of the dipolar order mediated cross-polarization sequence, with the 13C signal build-up time drastically shortened in the case of high solvent protonation levels. In the case of a deuterated molecular derivative, we observe that the nearby 2H substituted methyl group is deleterious to the 1H→13C transfer phenomenon (particularly at low levels of sample protonation). Overall, increased solvent protonation makes the dipolar order governed polarization transfer significantly faster and more efficient. This study sheds light on the influential sample formulation traits which govern the dipolar order-controlled transfer of polarization and indicates that the polarization transfer efficiencies of deuterated molecules can be boosted and reach high performances simply by adequate solvent protonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Elliott
- Univ. Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Quentin Stern
- Univ. Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Cala
- Univ. Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Univ. Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
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8
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Elliott SJ, Stern Q, Ceillier M, El Daraï T, Cousin SF, Cala O, Jannin S. Practical dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization. Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectrosc 2021; 126-127:59-100. [PMID: 34852925 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review article intends to provide insightful advice for dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization in the form of a practical handbook. The goal is to aid research groups to effectively perform such experiments in their own laboratories. Previous review articles on this subject have covered a large number of useful topics including instrumentation, experimentation, theory, etc. The topics to be addressed here will include tips for sample preparation and for checking sample health; a checklist to correctly diagnose system faults and perform general maintenance; the necessary mechanical requirements regarding sample dissolution; and aids for accurate, fast and reliable polarization quantification. Herein, the challenges and limitations of each stage of a typical dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization experiment are presented, with the focus being on how to quickly and simply overcome some of the limitations often encountered in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Elliott
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs - UMR 5082 Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Quentin Stern
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs - UMR 5082 Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Morgan Ceillier
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs - UMR 5082 Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Théo El Daraï
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs - UMR 5082 Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Samuel F Cousin
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs - UMR 5082 Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Cala
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs - UMR 5082 Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs - UMR 5082 Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
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9
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Elliott S, Stern Q, Jannin S. Solid-state 1H spin polarimetry by 13CH 3 nuclear magnetic resonance. Magn Reson (Gott) 2021; 2:643-652. [PMID: 37905218 PMCID: PMC10539844 DOI: 10.5194/mr-2-643-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization is used to prepare nuclear spin polarizations approaching unity. At present, 1 H polarization quantification in the solid state remains fastidious due to the requirement of measuring thermal equilibrium signals. Line shape polarimetry of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectra is used to determine several useful properties regarding the spin system under investigation. In the case of highly polarized nuclear spins, such as those prepared under the conditions of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization experiments, the absolute polarization of a particular isotopic species within the sample may be directly inferred from the characteristics of the corresponding resonance line shape. In situations where direct measurements of polarization are complicated by deleterious phenomena, indirect estimates of polarization using coupled heteronuclear spins prove informative. We present a simple analysis of the 13 C spectral line shape of [2-13 C]sodium acetate based on the normalized deviation of the centre of gravity of the 13 C peaks, which can be used to indirectly evaluate the proton polarization of the methyl group moiety and very likely the entire sample in the case of rapid and homogeneous 1 H-1 H spin diffusion. For the case of positive microwave irradiation, 1 H polarization was found to increase with an increasing normalized centre of gravity deviation. These results suggest that, as a dopant, [2-13 C]sodium acetate could be used to indirectly gauge 1 H polarizations in standard sample formulations, which is potentially advantageous for (i) samples polarized in commercial dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization devices that lack 1 H radiofrequency hardware, (ii) measurements that are deleteriously influenced by radiation damping or complicated by the presence of large background signals and (iii) situations where the acquisition of a thermal equilibrium spectrum is not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J. Elliott
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très
Hauts Champs – FRE 2034 Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne,
France
- current address: Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Quentin Stern
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très
Hauts Champs – FRE 2034 Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne,
France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très
Hauts Champs – FRE 2034 Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne,
France
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10
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El Daraï T, Cousin SF, Stern Q, Ceillier M, Kempf J, Eshchenko D, Melzi R, Schnell M, Gremillard L, Bornet A, Milani J, Vuichoud B, Cala O, Montarnal D, Jannin S. Porous functionalized polymers enable generating and transporting hyperpolarized mixtures of metabolites. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4695. [PMID: 34349114 PMCID: PMC8338986 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarization by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) has enabled promising applications in spectroscopy and imaging, but remains poorly widespread due to experimental complexity. Broad democratization of dDNP could be realized by remote preparation and distribution of hyperpolarized samples from dedicated facilities. Here we show the synthesis of hyperpolarizing polymers (HYPOPs) that can generate radical- and contaminant-free hyperpolarized samples within minutes with lifetimes exceeding hours in the solid state. HYPOPs feature tunable macroporous porosity, with porous volumes up to 80% and concentration of nitroxide radicals grafted in the bulk matrix up to 285 μmol g-1. Analytes can be efficiently impregnated as aqueous/alcoholic solutions and hyperpolarized up to P(13C) = 25% within 8 min, through the combination of 1H spin diffusion and 1H → 13C cross polarization. Solutions of 13C-analytes of biological interest hyperpolarized in HYPOPs display a very long solid-state 13C relaxation times of 5.7 h at 3.8 K, thus prefiguring transportation over long distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théo El Daraï
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon, UMR5082 - CNRS/UCBL/ENS de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, CPE Lyon, CNRS, Catalyse, Chimie, Polymères et Procédés, UMR 5265, Lyon, France
| | - Samuel F Cousin
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon, UMR5082 - CNRS/UCBL/ENS de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Quentin Stern
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon, UMR5082 - CNRS/UCBL/ENS de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Morgan Ceillier
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon, UMR5082 - CNRS/UCBL/ENS de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Laurent Gremillard
- Université de Lyon, INSA Lyon, MATEIS UMR CNRS 5510, Bât. Blaise Pascal, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon, UMR5082 - CNRS/UCBL/ENS de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jonas Milani
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon, UMR5082 - CNRS/UCBL/ENS de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon, UMR5082 - CNRS/UCBL/ENS de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Cala
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon, UMR5082 - CNRS/UCBL/ENS de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Damien Montarnal
- Université de Lyon, CPE Lyon, CNRS, Catalyse, Chimie, Polymères et Procédés, UMR 5265, Lyon, France.
| | - Sami Jannin
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon, UMR5082 - CNRS/UCBL/ENS de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
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11
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Elliott SJ, Cala O, Stern Q, Cousin SF, Eshchenko D, Melzi R, Kempf JG, Jannin S. Pulse sequence and sample formulation optimization for dipolar order mediated 1H→ 13C cross-polarization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:9457-9465. [PMID: 33885108 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00429h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated the use of contactless radiofrequency pulse sequences under dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization conditions as an attractive way of transferring polarization from sensitive 1H spins to insensitive 13C spins with low peak radiofrequency pulse powers and energies via a reservoir of dipolar order. However, many factors remain to be investigated and optimized to enable the full potential of this polarization transfer process. We demonstrate herein the optimization of several key factors by: (i) implementing more efficient shaped radiofrequency pulses; (ii) adapting 13C spin labelling; and (iii) avoiding methyl group relaxation sinks. Experimental demonstrations are presented for the case of [1-13C]sodium acetate and other relevant molecular candidates. By employing the range of approaches set out above, polarization transfer using the dipolar order mediated cross-polarization radiofrequency pulse sequence is improved by factors approaching ∼1.65 compared with previous results. Dipolar order mediated 1H→13C polarization transfer efficiencies reaching ∼76% were achieved using significantly reduced peak radiofrequency pulse powers relative to the performance of highly sophisticated state-of-the-art cross-polarization methods, indicating 13C nuclear spin polarization levels on the order of ∼32.1% after 10 minutes of 1H DNP. The approach does not require extensive pulse sequence optimization procedures and can easily accommodate high concentrations of 13C-labelled molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Elliott
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs - FRE 2034 Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
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12
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Stern Q, Cousin SF, Mentink-Vigier F, Pinon AC, Elliott SJ, Cala O, Jannin S. Direct observation of hyperpolarization breaking through the spin diffusion barrier. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/18/eabf5735. [PMID: 33931450 PMCID: PMC8087418 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf5735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a widely used tool for overcoming the low intrinsic sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging. Its practical applicability is typically bounded, however, by the so-called "spin diffusion barrier," which relates to the poor efficiency of polarization transfer from highly polarized nuclei close to paramagnetic centers to bulk nuclei. A quantitative assessment of this barrier has been hindered so far by the lack of general methods for studying nuclear polarization flow in the vicinity of paramagnetic centers. Here, we fill this gap and introduce a general set of experiments based on microwave gating that are readily implemented. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach in experiments conducted between 1.2 and 4.2 K in static mode and at 100 K under magic angle spinning (MAS)-conditions typical for dissolution DNP and MAS-DNP-and directly observe the marked dependence of polarization flow on temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Stern
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Samuel François Cousin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Frédéric Mentink-Vigier
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | | | - Stuart James Elliott
- Department of Chemistry, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Olivier Cala
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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13
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Dey A, Charrier B, Martineau E, Deborde C, Gandriau E, Moing A, Jacob D, Eshchenko D, Schnell M, Melzi R, Kurzbach D, Ceillier M, Chappuis Q, Cousin SF, Kempf JG, Jannin S, Dumez JN, Giraudeau P. Hyperpolarized NMR Metabolomics at Natural 13C Abundance. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14867-14871. [PMID: 33136383 PMCID: PMC7705890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics plays a pivotal role in systems biology, and NMR is a central tool with high precision and exceptional resolution of chemical information. Most NMR metabolomic studies are based on 1H 1D spectroscopy, severely limited by peak overlap. 13C NMR benefits from a larger signal dispersion but is barely used in metabolomics due to ca. 6000-fold lower sensitivity. We introduce a new approach, based on hyperpolarized 13C NMR at natural abundance, that circumvents this limitation. A new untargeted NMR-based metabolomic workflow based on dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP) for the first time enabled hyperpolarized natural abundance 13C metabolomics. Statistical analysis of resulting hyperpolarized 13C data distinguishes two groups of plant (tomato) extracts and highlights biomarkers, in full agreement with previous results on the same biological model. We also optimize parameters of the semiautomated d-DNP system suitable for high-throughput studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Dey
- Université
de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR
6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Benoît Charrier
- Université
de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR
6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Estelle Martineau
- Université
de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR
6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
- SpectroMaitrise,
CAPACITES SAS, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Catherine Deborde
- INRAE,
Univ. Bordeaux, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine-Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave
d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux
Metabolome, MetaboHUB, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle
Aquitaine-Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Elodie Gandriau
- Université
de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR
6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Annick Moing
- INRAE,
Univ. Bordeaux, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine-Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave
d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux
Metabolome, MetaboHUB, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle
Aquitaine-Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Jacob
- INRAE,
Univ. Bordeaux, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine-Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave
d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux
Metabolome, MetaboHUB, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle
Aquitaine-Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Dmitry Eshchenko
- Bruker
Biospin, Industriestrasse
26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - Marc Schnell
- Bruker
Biospin, Industriestrasse
26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
| | | | - Dennis Kurzbach
- University
of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Morgan Ceillier
- Université
de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude
Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs (CRMN),
FRE 2034, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Quentin Chappuis
- Université
de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude
Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs (CRMN),
FRE 2034, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Samuel F. Cousin
- Université
de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude
Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs (CRMN),
FRE 2034, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - James G. Kempf
- Bruker
Biospin, 15 Fortune Dr., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Sami Jannin
- Université
de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude
Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs (CRMN),
FRE 2034, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
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14
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Elliott S, Cousin S, Chappuis Q, Cala O, Ceillier M, Bornet A, Jannin S. Dipolar order mediated 1H → 13C cross-polarization for dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization. Magn Reson (Gott) 2020; 1:89-96. [PMCID: PMC10500725 DOI: 10.5194/mr-1-89-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy often suffer from a low intrinsic sensitivity, which can in some cases be circumvented by the use of hyperpolarization techniques. Dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization offers a way of hyperpolarizing 13 C spins in small molecules, enhancing their sensitivity by up to 4 orders of magnitude. This is usually performed by direct 13 C polarization, which is straightforward but often takes more than an hour. Alternatively, indirect 1 H polarization followed by 1 H → 13 C polarization transfer can be implemented, which is more efficient and faster but is technically very challenging and hardly implemented in practice. Here we propose to remove the main roadblocks of the 1 H → 13 C polarization transfer process by using alternative schemes with the following: (i) less rf (radiofrequency) power; (ii) less overall rf energy; (iii) simple rf-pulse shapes; and (iv) no synchronized 1 H and 13 C rf irradiation. An experimental demonstration of such a simple 1 H → 13 C polarization transfer technique is presented for the case of [1-13 C ]sodium acetate, and is compared with the most sophisticated cross-polarization schemes. A polarization transfer efficiency of ∼ 0.43 with respect to cross-polarization was realized, which resulted in a 13 C polarization of ∼ 8.7 % after ∼ 10 min of microwave irradiation and a single polarization transfer step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J. Elliott
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très
Hauts Champs – FRE 2034 Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne,
France
| | - Samuel F. Cousin
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très
Hauts Champs – FRE 2034 Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne,
France
| | - Quentin Chappuis
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très
Hauts Champs – FRE 2034 Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne,
France
| | - Olivier Cala
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très
Hauts Champs – FRE 2034 Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne,
France
| | - Morgan Ceillier
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très
Hauts Champs – FRE 2034 Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne,
France
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très
Hauts Champs – FRE 2034 Université de Lyon/CNRS/Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne,
France
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15
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Jannin S, Dumez JN, Giraudeau P, Kurzbach D. Application and methodology of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization in physical, chemical and biological contexts. J Magn Reson 2019; 305:41-50. [PMID: 31203098 PMCID: PMC6616036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP) is a versatile method to enhance nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It boosts signal intensities by four to five orders of magnitude thereby providing the potential to improve and enable a plethora of applications ranging from the real-time monitoring of chemical or biological processes to metabolomics and in-cell investigations. This perspectives article highlights possible avenues for developments and applications of d-DNP in biochemical and physicochemical studies. It outlines how chemists, biologists and physicists with various fields of interest can transform and employ d-DNP as a powerful characterization method for their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Jannin
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs (CRMN), FRE 2034, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Patrick Giraudeau
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM (UMR 6230), 44000 Nantes, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Dennis Kurzbach
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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16
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Kiryutin AS, Rodin BA, Yurkovskaya AV, Ivanov KL, Kurzbach D, Jannin S, Guarin D, Abergel D, Bodenhausen G. Transport of hyperpolarized samples in dissolution-DNP experiments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:13696-13705. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02600b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The magnetic field strength during sample transfer in dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization influences the resulting spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S. Kiryutin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS
- Institutskaya 3A
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
| | - Bogdan A. Rodin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS
- Institutskaya 3A
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
| | - Alexandra V. Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center SB RAS
- Institutskaya 3A
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
| | - Konstantin L. Ivanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS
- Institutskaya 3A
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
| | - Dennis Kurzbach
- University Vienna
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Institute of Biological Chemistry
- Währinger Straße 38
- 1090 Vienna
| | - Sami Jannin
- Université de Lyon
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs (FRE2034 CNRS/UCBL/ENS Lyon)
- 5 rue de la Doua
- 69100 Villeurbanne
- France
| | - David Guarin
- Laboratoire des biomolécules
- LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure
- PSL University
- Sorbonne Université
- CNRS
| | - Daniel Abergel
- Laboratoire des biomolécules
- LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure
- PSL University
- Sorbonne Université
- CNRS
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Laboratoire des biomolécules
- LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure
- PSL University
- Sorbonne Université
- CNRS
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17
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Baudin M, Vuichoud B, Bornet A, Bodenhausen G, Jannin S. A cryogen-consumption-free system for dynamic nuclear polarization at 9.4 T. J Magn Reson 2018; 294:115-121. [PMID: 30032035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel system for dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization based on a cost-effective "cryogen-free" magnet that can generate fields up to 9.4 T with a sample space that can reach temperatures below 1.4 K in a continuous and stable manner. Polarization levels up to P(1H) = 60 ± 5% can be reached with TEMPOL in about 20 min, and P(13C) = 50 ± 5% can be achieved using adiabatic cross polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Baudin
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des sciences et ingénierie chimiques (ISIC), Ecole PolytechniqueFédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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18
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Kovtunov KV, Pokochueva EV, Salnikov OG, Cousin S, Kurzbach D, Vuichoud B, Jannin S, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM, Barskiy DA, Koptyug IV. Hyperpolarized NMR Spectroscopy: d-DNP, PHIP, and SABRE Techniques. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:10.1002/asia.201800551. [PMID: 29790649 PMCID: PMC6251772 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The intensity of NMR signals can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude by using various techniques for the hyperpolarization of different molecules. Such approaches can overcome the main sensitivity challenges facing modern NMR/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, whilst hyperpolarized fluids can also be used in a variety of applications in material science and biomedicine. This Focus Review considers the fundamentals of the preparation of hyperpolarized liquids and gases by using dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP) and parahydrogen-based techniques, such as signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) and parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP), in both heterogeneous and homogeneous processes. The various new aspects in the formation and utilization of hyperpolarized fluids, along with the possibility of observing NMR signal enhancement, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | - Ekaterina V. Pokochueva
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | - Oleg G. Salnikov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | - Samuel Cousin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Dennis Kurzbach
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry & Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, 48202, MI, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-3220, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
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19
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Elliott SJ, Meier B, Vuichoud B, Stevanato G, Brown LJ, Alonso-Valdesueiro J, Emsley L, Jannin S, Levitt MH. Hyperpolarized long-lived nuclear spin states in monodeuterated methyl groups. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:9755-9759. [PMID: 29595200 PMCID: PMC5933006 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00253c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Monodeuterated methyl groups may support a long-lived nuclear spin state, with a relaxation time exceeding the conventional spin-lattice relaxation time T1. Dissolution-DNP (dynamic nuclear polarization) may be used to hyperpolarize such a long-lived spin state. This is demonstrated for the CH2D groups of a piperidine derivative. The polarized sample is manipulated in the ambient magnetic field of the laboratory, without destruction of the hyperpolarized singlet order. Strongly enhanced CH2D signals are observed more than one minute after dissolution, even in the presence of paramagnetic radicals, by which time the NMR signal from the hyperpolarized proton magnetization has completely disappeared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J. Elliott
- School of Chemistry , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , UK . ;
| | - Benno Meier
- School of Chemistry , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , UK . ;
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Université de Lyon , CNRS , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , ENS de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques , UMR 5280 , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Gabriele Stevanato
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Batochime , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Lynda J. Brown
- School of Chemistry , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , UK . ;
| | | | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Batochime , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Sami Jannin
- Université de Lyon , CNRS , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , ENS de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques , UMR 5280 , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Malcolm H. Levitt
- School of Chemistry , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , UK . ;
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20
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Cavaillès M, Bornet A, Jaurand X, Vuichoud B, Baudouin D, Baudin M, Veyre L, Bodenhausen G, Dumez JN, Jannin S, Copéret C, Thieuleux C. Tailored Microstructured Hyperpolarizing Matrices for Optimal Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:7453-7457. [PMID: 29457685 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Tailoring the physical features and the porous network architecture of silica-based hyperpolarizing solids containing TEMPO radicals, known as HYPSO (hybrid polarizing solids), enabled unprecedented performance of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP). High polarization values up to P(1 H)=99 % were reached for samples impregnated with a mixture of H2 O/D2 O and loaded in a 6.7 T polarizer at temperatures around 1.2 K. These HYPSO materials combine the best performance of homogeneous DNP formulations with the advantages of solid polarizing matrices, which provide hyperpolarized solutions free of any-potentially toxic-additives (radicals and glass-forming agents). The hyperpolarized solutions can be expelled from the porous solids, filtered, and rapidly transferred either to a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer or to a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Cavaillès
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS, Université de Lyon 1-CPE Lyon, CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Jaurand
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Technologique des Microstructures (CTμ), 5 rue Raphael Dubois, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Univ. Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - David Baudouin
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS, Université de Lyon 1-CPE Lyon, CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mathieu Baudin
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue de Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), Paris, France
| | - Laurent Veyre
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS, Université de Lyon 1-CPE Lyon, CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue de Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), Paris, France
| | - Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Univ. Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Dept. of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS, Université de Lyon 1-CPE Lyon, CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
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21
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Cavaillès M, Bornet A, Jaurand X, Vuichoud B, Baudouin D, Baudin M, Veyre L, Bodenhausen G, Dumez JN, Jannin S, Copéret C, Thieuleux C. Tailored Microstructured Hyperpolarizing Matrices for Optimal Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Cavaillès
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS; Université de Lyon 1-CPE Lyon; CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Xavier Jaurand
- Université de Lyon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Centre Technologique des Microstructures (CTμ); 5 rue Raphael Dubois 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Univ. Lyon; CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; ENS de Lyon; Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280; 5 rue de la Doua 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - David Baudouin
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS; Université de Lyon 1-CPE Lyon; CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Mathieu Baudin
- Département de Chimie; Ecole Normale Supérieure; PSL Research University; UPMC Univ Paris 06; CNRS; Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); 24 rue de Lhomond 75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; Ecole Normale Supérieure; CNRS; Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); Paris France
| | - Laurent Veyre
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS; Université de Lyon 1-CPE Lyon; CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Département de Chimie; Ecole Normale Supérieure; PSL Research University; UPMC Univ Paris 06; CNRS; Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); 24 rue de Lhomond 75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; Ecole Normale Supérieure; CNRS; Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); Paris France
| | - Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301; Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay; 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Univ. Lyon; CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; ENS de Lyon; Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280; 5 rue de la Doua 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Dept. of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS; Université de Lyon 1-CPE Lyon; CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
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22
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Plainchont B, Berruyer P, Dumez JN, Jannin S, Giraudeau P. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Opens New Perspectives for NMR Spectroscopy in Analytical Chemistry. Anal Chem 2018; 90:3639-3650. [PMID: 29481058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b05236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) can boost sensitivity in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments by several orders of magnitude. This Feature illustrates how the coupling of DNP with both liquid- and solid-state NMR spectroscopy has the potential to considerably extend the range of applications of NMR in analytical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Plainchont
- Université de Nantes , CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230 , 44322 Nantes Cedex 03 , France
| | - Pierrick Berruyer
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENS de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 , 5 Rue de la Doua , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301 , Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91190 Gif-sur Yvette , France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENS de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 , 5 Rue de la Doua , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Patrick Giraudeau
- Université de Nantes , CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230 , 44322 Nantes Cedex 03 , France.,Institut Universitaire de France , 75005 Paris , France
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23
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Bornet A, Pinon A, Jhajharia A, Baudin M, Ji X, Emsley L, Bodenhausen G, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Jannin S. Microwave-gated dynamic nuclear polarization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:30530-30535. [PMID: 27782260 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05587g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) has become a method of choice to enhance signals in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Recently, we have proposed to combine cross-polarization (CP) with D-DNP to provide high polarization P(13C) in short build-up times. In this paper, we show that switching microwave irradiation off for a few hundreds of milliseconds prior to CP can significantly boost the efficiency. By implementing microwave gating, 13C polarizations on sodium [1-13C]acetate as high as 64% could be achieved with a polarization build-up time constant as short as 160 s. A polarization of P(13C) = 78% could even be reached for [13C]urea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bornet
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arthur Pinon
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aditya Jhajharia
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Baudin
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland and Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), Paris, France
| | - Xiao Ji
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland and Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), Paris, France
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), Paris, France
| | - Jan Henrik Ardenkjaer-Larsen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby 2800, Denmark and GE Healthcare, Brøndby 2605, Denmark
| | - Sami Jannin
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland and Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland and Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
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24
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Ji X, Can TV, Mentink-Vigier F, Bornet A, Milani J, Vuichoud B, Caporini MA, Griffin RG, Jannin S, Goldman M, Bodenhausen G. Overhauser effects in non-conducting solids at 1.2 K. J Magn Reson 2018; 286:138-142. [PMID: 29241045 PMCID: PMC5767554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, it was observed that protons in non-conducting solids doped with 1,3-bisdiphenylene-2-phenylallyl (BDPA) or its sulfonated derivative (SA-BDPA) can be polarized through Overhauser effects via resonant microwave irradiation. These effects were present under magic angle spinning conditions in magnetic fields between 5 and 18.8 T and at temperatures near 100 K. This communication reports similar effects in static samples at 6.7 T and, more importantly, at temperatures as low as 1.2 K, in a different dynamic regime than in the previous study. Our results provide new information towards understanding the mechanism of the Overhauser effect in non-conducting solids. We discuss possible origins of the fluctuations that can give rise to an Overhauser effect at such low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Ji
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Departement de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Superieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), Paris, France
| | - T V Can
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - F Mentink-Vigier
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - A Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - J Milani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - B Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - M A Caporini
- Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - R G Griffin
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - S Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - M Goldman
- 2 Allée Geneviève Anthonioz de Gaulle, 93260 Les Lilas, France
| | - G Bodenhausen
- Departement de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Superieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), Paris, France.
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25
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Dumez JN, Vuichoud B, Mammoli D, Bornet A, Pinon AC, Stevanato G, Meier B, Bodenhausen G, Jannin S, Levitt MH. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of Long-Lived Nuclear Spin States in Methyl Groups. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:3549-3555. [PMID: 28708395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We have induced hyperpolarized long-lived states in compounds containing 13C-bearing methyl groups by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) at cryogenic temperatures, followed by dissolution with a warm solvent. The hyperpolarized methyl long-lived states give rise to enhanced antiphase 13C NMR signals in solution, which often persist for times much longer than the 13C and 1H spin-lattice relaxation times under the same conditions. The DNP-induced effects are similar to quantum-rotor-induced polarization (QRIP) but are observed in a wider range of compounds because they do not depend critically on the height of the rotational barrier. We interpret our observations with a model in which nuclear Zeeman and methyl tunnelling reservoirs adopt an approximately uniform temperature, under DNP conditions. The generation of hyperpolarized NMR signals that persist for relatively long times in a range of methyl-bearing substances may be important for applications such as investigations of metabolism, enzymatic reactions, protein-ligand binding, drug screening, and molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Daniele Mammoli
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arthur C Pinon
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Stevanato
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benno Meier
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Malcolm H Levitt
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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26
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Silverio DL, van Kalkeren HA, Ong TC, Baudin M, Yulikov M, Veyre L, Berruyer P, Chaudhari S, Gajan D, Baudouin D, Cavaillès M, Vuichoud B, Bornet A, Jeschke G, Bodenhausen G, Lesage A, Emsley L, Jannin S, Thieuleux C, Copéret C. Tailored Polarizing Hybrid Solids with Nitroxide Radicals Localized in Mesostructured Silica Walls. Helv Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201700101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Silverio
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich
| | - Henri A. van Kalkeren
- Université de Lyon; Institut de Chimie de Lyon; LC2P2; UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE-Lyon-UCBL; CPE Lyon; 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 FR-69100 Villeurbanne
| | - Ta-Chung Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich
| | - Mathieu Baudin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure; UPMC Université Paris 06; CNRS; PSL Research University; 24 rue Lhomond FR-75005 Paris
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Université Paris 06; Ecole Normale Supérieure; CNRS; FR-75005 Paris
| | - Maxim Yulikov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich
| | - Laurent Veyre
- Université de Lyon; Institut de Chimie de Lyon; LC2P2; UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE-Lyon-UCBL; CPE Lyon; 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 FR-69100 Villeurbanne
| | - Pierrick Berruyer
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques; CRMN CNRS-ENS Lyon-UCBL; Université de Lyon; FR-69100 Villeurbanne
| | - Sachin Chaudhari
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques; CRMN CNRS-ENS Lyon-UCBL; Université de Lyon; FR-69100 Villeurbanne
| | - David Gajan
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques; CRMN CNRS-ENS Lyon-UCBL; Université de Lyon; FR-69100 Villeurbanne
| | - David Baudouin
- Université de Lyon; Institut de Chimie de Lyon; LC2P2; UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE-Lyon-UCBL; CPE Lyon; 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 FR-69100 Villeurbanne
| | - Matthieu Cavaillès
- Université de Lyon; Institut de Chimie de Lyon; LC2P2; UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE-Lyon-UCBL; CPE Lyon; 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 FR-69100 Villeurbanne
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure; UPMC Université Paris 06; CNRS; PSL Research University; 24 rue Lhomond FR-75005 Paris
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Université Paris 06; Ecole Normale Supérieure; CNRS; FR-75005 Paris
| | - Anne Lesage
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques; CRMN CNRS-ENS Lyon-UCBL; Université de Lyon; FR-69100 Villeurbanne
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques; CRMN CNRS-ENS Lyon-UCBL; Université de Lyon; FR-69100 Villeurbanne
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Université de Lyon; Institut de Chimie de Lyon; LC2P2; UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE-Lyon-UCBL; CPE Lyon; 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 FR-69100 Villeurbanne
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich
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Kurzbach D, Weber EMM, Jhajharia A, Cousin SF, Sadet A, Marhabaie S, Canet E, Birlirakis N, Milani J, Jannin S, Eshchenko D, Hassan A, Melzi R, Luetolf S, Sacher M, Rossire M, Kempf J, Lohman JAB, Weller M, Bodenhausen G, Abergel D. Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization of deuterated molecules enhanced by cross-polarization. J Chem Phys 2017; 145:194203. [PMID: 27875876 DOI: 10.1063/1.4967402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present novel means to hyperpolarize deuterium nuclei in 13CD2 groups at cryogenic temperatures. The method is based on cross-polarization from 1H to 13C and does not require any radio-frequency fields applied to the deuterium nuclei. After rapid dissolution, a new class of long-lived spin states can be detected indirectly by 13C NMR in solution. These long-lived states result from a sextet-triplet imbalance (STI) that involves the two equivalent deuterons with spin I = 1. An STI has similar properties as a triplet-singlet imbalance that can occur in systems with two equivalent I = 12 spins. Although the lifetimes TSTI are shorter than T1(Cz), they can exceed the life-time T1(Dz) of deuterium Zeeman magnetization by a factor of more than 20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Kurzbach
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle M M Weber
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Aditya Jhajharia
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Samuel F Cousin
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Aude Sadet
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sina Marhabaie
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Estel Canet
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Birlirakis
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jonas Milani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry Eshchenko
- Bruker BioSpin, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - Alia Hassan
- Bruker BioSpin, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Melzi
- Bruker BioSpin, Viale V. Lancetti 43, 20158 Milano, Italy
| | - Stephan Luetolf
- Bruker BioSpin, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - Marco Sacher
- Bruker BioSpin, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - Marc Rossire
- Bruker BioSpin, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - James Kempf
- Bruker BioSpin, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, Maryland 01821, USA
| | - Joost A B Lohman
- Bruker UK Limited, Banner Lane, Coventry CV4 9GH, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Weller
- Bruker BioSpin, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Abergel
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
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28
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Ji X, Bornet A, Vuichoud B, Milani J, Gajan D, Rossini AJ, Emsley L, Bodenhausen G, Jannin S. Transportable hyperpolarized metabolites. Nat Commun 2017; 8:13975. [PMID: 28072398 PMCID: PMC5234073 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear spin hyperpolarization of 13C-labelled metabolites by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization can enhance the NMR signals of metabolites by several orders of magnitude, which has enabled in vivo metabolic imaging by MRI. However, because of the short lifetime of the hyperpolarized magnetization (typically <1 min), the polarization process must be carried out close to the point of use. Here we introduce a concept that markedly extends hyperpolarization lifetimes and enables the transportation of hyperpolarized metabolites. The hyperpolarized sample can thus be removed from the polarizer and stored or transported for use at remote MRI or NMR sites. We show that hyperpolarization in alanine and glycine survives 16 h storage and transport, maintaining overall polarization enhancements of up to three orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ji
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Milani
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - David Gajan
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.,Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), Paris, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.,Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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29
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Milani J, Vuichoud B, Bornet A, Melzi R, Jannin S, Bodenhausen G. Hyperpolarization of nitrogen-15 nuclei by cross polarization and dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:015109. [PMID: 28147646 DOI: 10.1063/1.4973777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) is often achieved by the direct transfer of polarization from electrons to nuclei such as 13C, induced by microwave saturation of the wings of narrow EPR lines of radicals like trityl. In the indirect approach on the other hand, DNP is used to transfer the polarization from the electrons of radicals such as nitroxides that have broad EPR lines to nuclear spins I = 1H, followed by cross-polarization (CP) from I = 1H to S = 13C or other nuclei with low gyromagnetic ratios. This approach is particularly attractive for S = 15N, since direct DNP yields modest polarizations P(15N) < 4% with build-up times that can be as long as τDNP(15N) > 2 h. In this paper, we show that CP from 1H to 15N at 1.2 K can yield P(15N) = 25% with τCP-DNP(15N) = 10-15 min. After rapid dissolution and transfer to a solution-state NMR spectrometer, a polarization P(15N) = 20% was observed at 300 K. The longitudinal relaxation times in solution can be as long as T1(15N) > 800 s in favorable cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Milani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Melzi
- Bruker Italia S.r.l., Viale V. Lancetti 43, 20158 Milano, Italy
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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30
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Grüning WR, Bieringer H, Schwarzwälder M, Gajan D, Bornet A, Vuichoud B, Milani J, Baudouin D, Veyre L, Lesage A, Jannin S, Bodenhausen G, Thieuleux C, Copéret C. Phenylazide Hybrid-Silica - Polarization Platform for Dynamic Nuclear Polarization at Cryogenic Temperatures. Helv Chim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201600122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram R. Grüning
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Harald Bieringer
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Martin Schwarzwälder
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - David Gajan
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire (RMN) à Très Hauts Champs; Institut des Sciences Analytiques [Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) Lyon/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)]; Université de Lyon; FR-69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jonas Milani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - David Baudouin
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés (LC2P2); Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5265; Institut de Chimie de Lyon; CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL; CPE Lyon, Université de Lyon; FR-69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Laurent Veyre
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés (LC2P2); Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5265; Institut de Chimie de Lyon; CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL; CPE Lyon, Université de Lyon; FR-69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire (RMN) à Très Hauts Champs; Institut des Sciences Analytiques [Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) Lyon/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)]; Université de Lyon; FR-69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Département de Chimie; Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS)-Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University; FR-75005 Paris France
- Laboratoire de Biomolécules (LBM); Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Paris 06; Sorbonnes Universités; FR-75005 Paris France
- Laboratoire de Biomolécules (LBM); Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7203; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); FR-75005 Paris France
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés (LC2P2); Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5265; Institut de Chimie de Lyon; CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL; CPE Lyon, Université de Lyon; FR-69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
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31
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Vuichoud B, Bornet A, de Nanteuil F, Milani J, Canet E, Ji X, Miéville P, Weber E, Kurzbach D, Flamm A, Konrat R, Gossert AD, Jannin S, Bodenhausen G. Filterable Agents for Hyperpolarization of Water, Metabolites, and Proteins. Chemistry 2016; 22:14696-700. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Florian de Nanteuil
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jonas Milani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Estel Canet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Département de Chimie; Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS LBM; 75005 Paris France
| | - Xiao Ji
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Département de Chimie; Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS LBM; 75005 Paris France
| | - Pascal Miéville
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Emmanuelle Weber
- Département de Chimie; Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
| | - Dennis Kurzbach
- Département de Chimie; Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
| | - Andrea Flamm
- Institute of Biomolecular Structural Chemistry; University of Vienna; 1030 Vienna Austria
| | - Robert Konrat
- Institute of Biomolecular Structural Chemistry; University of Vienna; 1030 Vienna Austria
| | - Alvar D. Gossert
- Institutes for BioMedical Research; Novartis; 4002 Basel Switzerland
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Département de Chimie; Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS LBM; 75005 Paris France
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32
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Vuichoud B, Canet E, Milani J, Bornet A, Baudouin D, Veyre L, Gajan D, Emsley L, Lesage A, Copéret C, Thieuleux C, Bodenhausen G, Koptyug I, Jannin S. Hyperpolarization of Frozen Hydrocarbon Gases by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization at 1.2 K. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:3235-9. [PMID: 27483034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report a simple and general method for the hyperpolarization of condensed gases by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). The gases are adsorbed in the pores of structured mesoporous silica matrices known as HYPSOs (HYper Polarizing SOlids) that have paramagnetic polarizing agents covalently bound to the surface of the mesopores. DNP is performed at low temperatures and moderate magnetic fields (T = 1.2 K and B0 = 6.7 T). Frequency-modulated microwave irradiation is applied close to the electron spin resonance frequency (f = 188.3 GHz), and the electron spin polarization of the polarizing agents of HYPSO is transferred to the nuclear spins of the frozen gas. A proton polarization as high as P((1)H) = 70% can be obtained, which can be subsequently transferred to (13)C in natural abundance by cross-polarization, yielding up to P((13)C) = 27% for ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Estel Canet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM) , 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonnes Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoires des Biomolécules (LBM), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jonas Milani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Baudouin
- Université de Lyon , Institut de Chimie de Lyon, LC2P2, UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL, CPE Lyon, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurent Veyre
- Université de Lyon , Institut de Chimie de Lyon, LC2P2, UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL, CPE Lyon, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - David Gajan
- Université de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ENS Lyon-5, rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Lesage
- Université de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ENS Lyon-5, rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Université de Lyon , Institut de Chimie de Lyon, LC2P2, UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL, CPE Lyon, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM) , 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonnes Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoires des Biomolécules (LBM), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Igor Koptyug
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM) , 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonnes Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoires des Biomolécules (LBM), 75005 Paris, France
- International Tomography Center , SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , Pirogova St. 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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33
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Baudouin D, van Kalkeren HA, Bornet A, Vuichoud B, Veyre L, Cavaillès M, Schwarzwälder M, Liao WC, Gajan D, Bodenhausen G, Emsley L, Lesage A, Jannin S, Copéret C, Thieuleux C. Cubic three-dimensional hybrid silica solids for nuclear hyperpolarization. Chem Sci 2016; 7:6846-6850. [PMID: 28451127 PMCID: PMC5356032 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02055k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous network architecture of hybrid silicas containing TEMPO radicals along their pores is key for increased hyperpolarization performances.
Hyperpolarization of metabolites by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) for MRI applications often requires fast and efficient removal of the radicals (polarizing agents). Ordered mesoporous SBA-15 silica materials containing homogeneously dispersed radicals, referred to as HYperPolarizing SOlids (HYPSOs), enable high polarization – P(1H) = 50% at 1.2 K – and straightforward separation of the polarizing HYPSO material from the hyperpolarized solution by filtration. However, the one-dimensional tubular pores of SBA-15 type materials are not ideal for nuclear spin diffusion, which may limit efficient polarization. Here, we develop a generation of hyperpolarizing solids based on a SBA-16 structure with a network of pores interconnected in three dimensions, which allows a significant increase of polarization, i.e. P(1H) = 63% at 1.2 K. This result illustrates how one can improve materials by combining a control of the incorporation of radicals with a better design of the porous network structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baudouin
- Université de Lyon , Institut de Chimie de Lyon , LC2P2 , UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL , CPE Lyon , 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 , 69100 Villeurbanne , France . ;
| | - H A van Kalkeren
- Université de Lyon , Institut de Chimie de Lyon , LC2P2 , UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL , CPE Lyon , 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 , 69100 Villeurbanne , France . ;
| | - A Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - B Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - L Veyre
- Université de Lyon , Institut de Chimie de Lyon , LC2P2 , UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL , CPE Lyon , 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 , 69100 Villeurbanne , France . ;
| | - M Cavaillès
- Université de Lyon , Institut de Chimie de Lyon , LC2P2 , UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL , CPE Lyon , 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 , 69100 Villeurbanne , France . ;
| | - M Schwarzwälder
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - W-C Liao
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - D Gajan
- Université de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques , UMR 5280 , CNRS , Université Lyon 1 , ENS Lyon 5 rue de la Doua , F-69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - G Bodenhausen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland.,Département de Chimie , Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 Rue Lhomond , 75231 Paris Cedex 05 , France.,Université Pierre-et-Marie Curie , Paris , France.,UMR 7203 , CNRS/UPMC/ENS , Paris , France
| | - L Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - A Lesage
- Université de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques , UMR 5280 , CNRS , Université Lyon 1 , ENS Lyon 5 rue de la Doua , F-69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - S Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - C Copéret
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - C Thieuleux
- Université de Lyon , Institut de Chimie de Lyon , LC2P2 , UMR 5265 CNRS-CPE Lyon-UCBL , CPE Lyon , 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918 , 69100 Villeurbanne , France . ;
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Mammoli D, Salvi N, Milani J, Buratto R, Bornet A, Sehgal AA, Canet E, Pelupessy P, Carnevale D, Jannin S, Bodenhausen G. Challenges in preparing, preserving and detecting para-water in bulk: overcoming proton exchange and other hurdles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 17:26819-27. [PMID: 26399171 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03350k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Para-water is an analogue of para-hydrogen, where the two proton spins are in a quantum state that is antisymmetric under permutation, also known as singlet state. The populations of the nuclear spin states in para-water are believed to have long lifetimes just like other Long-Lived States (LLSs). This hypothesis can be verified by measuring the relaxation of an excess or a deficiency of para-water, also known as a "Triplet-Singlet Imbalance" (TSI), i.e., a difference between the average population of the three triplet states T (that are symmetric under permutation) and the population of the singlet state S. In analogy with our recent findings on ethanol and fumarate, we propose to adapt the procedure for Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (D-DNP) to prepare such a TSI in frozen water at very low temperatures in the vicinity of 1.2 K. After rapid heating and dissolution using an aprotic solvent, the TSI should be largely preserved. To assess this hypothesis, we studied the lifetime of water as a molecular entity when diluted in various solvents. In neat liquid H2O, proton exchange rates have been characterized by spin-echo experiments on oxygen-17 in natural abundance, with and without proton decoupling. One-dimensional exchange spectroscopy (EXSY) has been used to study proton exchange rates in H2O, HDO and D2O mixtures diluted in various aprotic solvents. In the case of 50 mM H2O in dioxane-d8, the proton exchange lifetime is about 20 s. After dissolving, one can observe this TSI by monitoring intensities in oxygen-17 spectra of H2O (if necessary using isotopically enriched samples) where the AX2 system comprising a "spy" oxygen A and two protons X2 gives rise to binomial multiplets only if the TSI vanishes. Alternatively, fast chemical addition to a suitable substrate (such as an activated aldehyde or ketone) can provide AX2 systems where a carbon-13 acts as a spy nucleus. Proton signals that relax to equilibrium with two distinct time constants can be considered as a hallmark of a TSI. We optimized several experimental procedures designed to preserve and reveal dilute para-water in bulk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mammoli
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniérie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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35
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Bornet A, Maucourt M, Deborde C, Jacob D, Milani J, Vuichoud B, Ji X, Dumez JN, Moing A, Bodenhausen G, Jannin S, Giraudeau P. Highly Repeatable Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization for Heteronuclear NMR Metabolomics. Anal Chem 2016. [PMID: 27253320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.anal-chem.6b01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
At natural (13)C abundance, metabolomics based on heteronuclear NMR is limited by sensitivity. We have recently demonstrated how hyperpolarization by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) assisted by cross-polarization (CP) provides a reliable way of enhancing the sensitivity of heteronuclear NMR in dilute mixtures of metabolites. In this Technical Note, we evaluate the precision of this experimental approach, a critical point for applications to metabolomics. The higher the repeatability, the greater the likelihood that one can detect small biologically relevant differences between samples. The average repeatability of our state-of-the-art D-DNP NMR equipment for samples of metabolomic relevance (20 mg dry weight tomato extracts) is 3.6% for signals above the limit of quantification (LOQ) and 6.4% when all the signals above the limit of detection (LOD) are taken into account. This first report on the repeatability of D-DNP highlights the compatibility of the technique with the requirements of metabolomics and confirms its potential as an analytical tool for such applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mickaël Maucourt
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux-MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Université de Bordeaux , UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Catherine Deborde
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux-MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Jacob
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux-MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jonas Milani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xiao Ji
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Annick Moing
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux-MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS)-Paris Sciences Lettres (PSL) Research University , 75005 Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Biomolécules (LBM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) - Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités , 75005 Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Biomolécules (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7203 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Giraudeau
- Université de Nantes , CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, 44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France
- Institut Universitaire de France , 75005 Paris, France
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36
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Bornet A, Maucourt M, Deborde C, Jacob D, Milani J, Vuichoud B, Ji X, Dumez JN, Moing A, Bodenhausen G, Jannin S, Giraudeau P. Highly Repeatable Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization for Heteronuclear NMR Metabolomics. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6179-83. [PMID: 27253320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
At natural (13)C abundance, metabolomics based on heteronuclear NMR is limited by sensitivity. We have recently demonstrated how hyperpolarization by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) assisted by cross-polarization (CP) provides a reliable way of enhancing the sensitivity of heteronuclear NMR in dilute mixtures of metabolites. In this Technical Note, we evaluate the precision of this experimental approach, a critical point for applications to metabolomics. The higher the repeatability, the greater the likelihood that one can detect small biologically relevant differences between samples. The average repeatability of our state-of-the-art D-DNP NMR equipment for samples of metabolomic relevance (20 mg dry weight tomato extracts) is 3.6% for signals above the limit of quantification (LOQ) and 6.4% when all the signals above the limit of detection (LOD) are taken into account. This first report on the repeatability of D-DNP highlights the compatibility of the technique with the requirements of metabolomics and confirms its potential as an analytical tool for such applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mickaël Maucourt
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux-MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.,Université de Bordeaux , UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Catherine Deborde
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux-MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.,INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Jacob
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux-MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.,INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jonas Milani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xiao Ji
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Annick Moing
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux-MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.,INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS)-Paris Sciences Lettres (PSL) Research University , 75005 Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Biomolécules (LBM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) - Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités , 75005 Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Biomolécules (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7203 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Giraudeau
- Université de Nantes , CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, 44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France.,Institut Universitaire de France , 75005 Paris, France
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37
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Chinthalapalli S, Bornet A, Carnevale D, Jannin S, Bodenhausen G. Homonuclear decoupling for spectral simplification of carbon-13 enriched molecules in solution-state NMR enhanced by dissolution DNP. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:11480-7. [PMID: 27058951 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07884a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Complex overlapping multiplets due to scalar couplings (n)J((13)C, (13)C) in fully (13)C-enriched molecules can be simplified by polychromatic irradiation of selected spins. The signal intensities of the remaining non-irradiated signals are proportional to the concentrations, as shown in this work for the anomeric (13)C signals of the α- and β-conformers of glucose. Homonuclear decoupling can therefore be useful for quantitative NMR studies. The resulting decoupled lineshapes show residual fine structures that have been investigated by means of numerical simulations. Simulations also show that homonuclear decoupling schemes remain effective despite inhomogeneous static fields that tend to hamper in cellulo and in vivo studies. Homonuclear decoupling schemes can be combined with dissolution DNP to obtain signal enhancements of more than four orders of magnitude. Polychromatic irradiation of selected spins does not cause significant losses of hyperpolarization of the remaining non-irradiated spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Chinthalapalli
- Institut des sciences et ingénierie chimiques (ISIC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland and Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Gulbarga, 585311 Karnataka, India
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des sciences et ingénierie chimiques (ISIC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diego Carnevale
- Institut des sciences et ingénierie chimiques (ISIC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland and Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry (NPAC), Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des sciences et ingénierie chimiques (ISIC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut des sciences et ingénierie chimiques (ISIC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland and École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, LBM, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France and CNRS, UMR 7203 LBM, F-75005, Paris, France
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38
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Bornet A, Jannin S. Optimizing dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization. J Magn Reson 2016; 264:13-21. [PMID: 26920826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This article is a short review of some of our recent developments in dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP). We present the basic principles of d-DNP, and motivate our choice to step away from conventional approaches. We then introduce a modified d-DNP recipe that can be summed up as follows. (i) Using broad line polarizing agents to efficiently polarize 1H spins. (ii) Increasing the magnetic field to 6.7 T and above. (iii) Applying microwave frequency modulation. (iv) Applying (1)H-(13)C cross polarization. (v) Transferring hyperpolarized solution through a magnetic tunnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland.
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Pöschko MT, Vuichoud B, Milani J, Bornet A, Bechmann M, Bodenhausen G, Jannin S, Müller N. Spin Noise Detection of Nuclear Hyperpolarization at 1.2 K. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:3859-64. [PMID: 26477605 PMCID: PMC4691331 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We report proton spin noise spectra of a hyperpolarized solid sample of commonly used “DNP (dynamic nuclear polarization) juice” containing TEMPOL (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine N-oxide) and irradiated by a microwave field at a temperature of 1.2 K in a magnetic field of 6.7 T. The line shapes of the spin noise power spectra are sensitive to the variation of the microwave irradiation frequency and change from dip to bump, when the electron Larmor frequency is crossed, which is shown to be in good accordance with theory by simulations. Small but significant deviations from these predictions are observed, which can be related to spin noise and radiation damping phenomena that have been reported in thermally polarized systems. The non-linear dependence of the spin noise integral on nuclear polarization provides a means to monitor hyperpolarization semi-quantitatively without any perturbation of the spin system by radio frequency irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Theresia Pöschko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Institut de Sciences et Ingénerie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Milani
- Institut de Sciences et Ingénerie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut de Sciences et Ingénerie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Bechmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut de Sciences et Ingénerie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75231, Paris, Cedex 05, France.,Université Pierre-et-Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris (France.,UMR 7203, CNRS/UPMC/ENS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut de Sciences et Ingénerie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 26, 8117, Fällanden, Switzerland.
| | - Norbert Müller
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria. .,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1645/31A, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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40
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Vuichoud B, Milani J, Chappuis Q, Bornet A, Bodenhausen G, Jannin S. Measuring absolute spin polarization in dissolution-DNP by Spin PolarimetrY Magnetic Resonance (SPY-MR). J Magn Reson 2015; 260:127-35. [PMID: 26454350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization at 1.2 K and 6.7 T allows one to achieve spin temperatures on the order of a few millikelvin, so that the high-temperature approximation (ΔE<kT) is violated for the nuclear Zeeman interaction ΔE=γB0h/(2π) of most isotopes. Provided that, after rapid dissolution and transfer to an NMR or MRI system, the hyperpolarized molecules contain at least two nuclear spins I and S with a scalar coupling JIS, the polarization of spin I (short for 'investigated') can be determined from the asymmetry AS of the multiplet of spin S (short for 'spy'), provided perturbations due to second-order (strong coupling) effects are properly taken into account. If spin S is suitably discreet and does not affect the relaxation of spin I, this provides an elegant way of measuring spin polarizations 'on the fly' in a broad range of molecules, thus obviating the need for laborious measurements of signal intensities at thermal equilibrium. The method, dubbed Spin PolarimetrY Magnetic Resonance (SPY-MR), is illustrated for various pairs of (13)C spins (I, S) in acetate and pyruvate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jonas Milani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Quentin Chappuis
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 06, LBM, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7203 LBM, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland.
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Chappuis Q, Milani J, Vuichoud B, Bornet A, Gossert AD, Bodenhausen G, Jannin S. Hyperpolarized Water to Study Protein-Ligand Interactions. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:1674-1678. [PMID: 26263332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpc-lett.5b00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The affinity between a chosen target protein and small molecules is a key aspect of drug discovery. Screening by popular NMR methods such as Water-LOGSY suffers from low sensitivity and from false positives caused by aggregated or denatured proteins. This work demonstrates that the sensitivity of Water-LOGSY can be greatly boosted by injecting hyperpolarized water into solutions of proteins and ligands. Ligand binding can be detected in a few seconds, whereas about 30 min is usually required without hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarized water also enhances proton signals of proteins at concentrations below 20 μM so that one can verify in a few seconds whether the proteins remain intact or have been denatured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Chappuis
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Milani
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alvar D Gossert
- ‡Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- §Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL, 75005 Paris, France
- ⊥Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France
- #Laboratoire des BioMolécules, UMR 7203, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- ∥Bruker BioSpin AG, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
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Abstract
The affinity between a chosen target protein and small molecules is a key aspect of drug discovery. Screening by popular NMR methods such as Water-LOGSY suffers from low sensitivity and from false positives caused by aggregated or denatured proteins. This work demonstrates that the sensitivity of Water-LOGSY can be greatly boosted by injecting hyperpolarized water into solutions of proteins and ligands. Ligand binding can be detected in a few seconds, whereas about 30 min is usually required without hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarized water also enhances proton signals of proteins at concentrations below 20 μM so that one can verify in a few seconds whether the proteins remain intact or have been denatured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Chappuis
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Milani
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alvar D Gossert
- ‡Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- §Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL, 75005 Paris, France
- ⊥Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France
- #Laboratoire des BioMolécules, UMR 7203, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- †Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- ∥Bruker BioSpin AG, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
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Abstract
We show that an imbalance between the populations of singlet (S) and triplet (T) states in pairs of magnetically equivalent spins can be generated by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization. In partly deuterated ethanol (CD3(13)CH2OD), this T/S imbalance can be transferred by cross-relaxation to observable, enhanced signals of protons and coupled (13)C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mammoli
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniérie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Milani J, Vuichoud B, Bornet A, Miéville P, Mottier R, Jannin S, Bodenhausen G. A magnetic tunnel to shelter hyperpolarized fluids. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:024101. [PMID: 25725861 DOI: 10.1063/1.4908196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
To shield solutions carrying hyperpolarized nuclear magnetization from rapid relaxation during transfer through low fields, the transfer duct can be threaded through an array of permanent magnets. The advantages are illustrated for solutions containing hyperpolarized (1)H and (13)C nuclei in a variety of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Milani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Miéville
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roger Mottier
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Dumez JN, Milani J, Vuichoud B, Bornet A, Lalande-Martin J, Tea I, Yon M, Maucourt M, Deborde C, Moing A, Frydman L, Bodenhausen G, Jannin S, Giraudeau P. Hyperpolarized NMR of plant and cancer cell extracts at natural abundance. Analyst 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01203a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural abundance 13C 1D and 2D NMR spectra of biological extracts are recorded in a single scan for samples hyperpolarised by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization combined with cross polarization.
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46
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Bornet A, Ji X, Mammoli D, Vuichoud B, Milani J, Bodenhausen G, Jannin S. Long-lived states of magnetically equivalent spins populated by dissolution-DNP and revealed by enzymatic reactions. Chemistry 2014; 20:17113-8. [PMID: 25346515 PMCID: PMC4497350 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) offers a way of enhancing NMR signals by up to five orders of magnitude in metabolites and other small molecules. Nevertheless, the lifetime of hyperpolarization is inexorably limited, as it decays toward thermal equilibrium with the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time. This lifetime can be extended by storing the hyperpolarization in the form of long-lived states (LLS) that are immune to most dominant relaxation mechanisms. Levitt and co-workers have shown how LLS can be prepared for a pair of inequivalent spins by D-DNP. Here, we demonstrate that this approach can also be applied to magnetically equivalent pairs of spins such as the two protons of fumarate, which can have very long LLS lifetimes. As in the case of para-hydrogen, these hyperpolarized equivalent LLS (HELLS) are not magnetically active. However, a chemical reaction such as the enzymatic conversion of fumarate into malate can break the magnetic equivalence and reveal intense NMR signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bornet
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 Lausanne (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 76-693-9435
| | - Xiao Ji
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 Lausanne (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 76-693-9435
| | - Daniele Mammoli
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 Lausanne (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 76-693-9435
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 Lausanne (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 76-693-9435
| | - Jonas Milani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 Lausanne (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 76-693-9435
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 Lausanne (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 76-693-9435
- École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris (France)
- Sorbonne UniversitésUPMC Univ Paris 06, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris (France)
- CNRS, UMR 7203 LBM, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Sami Jannin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 Lausanne (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 76-693-9435
- Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 268117 Fällanden (Switzerland)
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47
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Perez Linde AJ, Bornet A, Milani J, Vuichoud B, Melzi R, Jannin S, Bodenhausen G. Cross polarization from (1)H to quadrupolar (6)Li nuclei for dissolution DNP. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:24813-7. [PMID: 25319311 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03592e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cross polarization from protons to quadrupolar (6)Li nuclei is combined with dynamic nuclear polarization of protons at 1.2 K and 6.7 T using TEMPOL as a polarizing agent followed by rapid dissolution. Compared to direct (6)Li DNP without cross-polarization, a higher nuclear spin polarization P((6)Li) can be obtained in a shorter time. A double resonance (1)H-(6)Li probe was designed that is equipped for Longitudinally Detected Electron Spin Resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel J Perez Linde
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Miclet E, Abergel D, Bornet A, Milani J, Jannin S, Bodenhausen G. Toward Quantitative Measurements of Enzyme Kinetics by Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:3290-5. [PMID: 26278433 DOI: 10.1021/jz501411d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) experiments enabled us to study the kinetics of the enzymatic phosphorylation reaction of glucose to form glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) by hexokinase (HK), with or without the presence of an excess of G6P, which is known to be an inhibitor of the enzyme. Against all expectations, our observations demonstrate that the phosphorylation of both α and β glucose anomers occurs with comparable kinetics. The catalytic constant of the reaction was estimated based on a simple kinetic model tailored for hyperpolarized systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeric Miclet
- †École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France
- ‡Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, LBM, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
- §CNRS, UMR 7203 LBM, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Abergel
- †École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France
- ‡Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, LBM, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
- §CNRS, UMR 7203 LBM, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Aurélien Bornet
- ∥Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Milani
- ∥Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sami Jannin
- †École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France
- ‡Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, LBM, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
- §CNRS, UMR 7203 LBM, F-75005, Paris, France
- ∥Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- ⊥Bruker BioSpin AG, Industriestrasse 26, 8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Bodenhausen
- †École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France
- ‡Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, LBM, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
- §CNRS, UMR 7203 LBM, F-75005, Paris, France
- ∥Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Buratto R, Bornet A, Milani J, Mammoli D, Vuichoud B, Salvi N, Singh M, Laguerre A, Passemard S, Gerber-Lemaire S, Jannin S, Bodenhausen G. Drug screening boosted by hyperpolarized long-lived states in NMR. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:2509-15. [PMID: 25196781 PMCID: PMC4506523 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Transverse and longitudinal relaxation times (T1ρ and T1) have been widely exploited in NMR to probe the binding of ligands and putative drugs to target proteins. We have shown recently that long-lived states (LLS) can be more sensitive to ligand binding. LLS can be excited if the ligand comprises at least two coupled spins. Herein we broaden the scope of ligand screening by LLS to arbitrary ligands by covalent attachment of a functional group, which comprises a pair of coupled protons that are isolated from neighboring magnetic nuclei. The resulting functionalized ligands have longitudinal relaxation times T1(1H) that are sufficiently long to allow the powerful combination of LLS with dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP). Hyperpolarized weak “spy ligands” can be displaced by high-affinity competitors. Hyperpolarized LLS allow one to decrease both protein and ligand concentrations to micromolar levels and to significantly increase sample throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Buratto
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne (Switzerland)
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50
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Vuichoud B, Milani J, Bornet A, Melzi R, Jannin S, Bodenhausen G. Hyperpolarization of deuterated metabolites via remote cross-polarization and dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:1411-5. [PMID: 24397585 DOI: 10.1021/jp4118776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In deuterated molecules such as [1-(13)C]pyruvate-d3, the nuclear spin polarization of (13)C nuclei can be enhanced by combining Hartmann-Hahn cross-polarization (CP) at low temperatures (1.2 K) with dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP). The polarization is transferred from remote solvent protons to the (13)C spins of interest. This allows one not only to slightly reduce build-up times but also to increase polarization levels and extend the lifetimes T1((13)C) of the enhanced (13)C polarization during and after transfer from the polarizer to the NMR or MRI system. This extends time scales over which metabolic processes and chemical reactions can be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basile Vuichoud
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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