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Casas Deza D, Polo Cuadro C, de Francisco R, Vela González M, Bermejo F, Blanco I, de la Serna Á, Bujanda L, Bernal L, Rueda García JL, Gargallo-Puyuelo CJ, Fuentes-Valenzuela E, Castro B, Guardiola J, Ladrón G, Suria C, Sáez Fuster J, Gisbert JP, Sicilia B, Gomez R, Muñoz Vilafranca C, Barreiro-De Acosta M, Peña E, Castillo Pradillo M, Cerrillo E, Calvet X, Manceñido N, Monfort I Miquel D, Marín S, Roig C, Marce A, Ramírez de Piscina P, Betoré E, Martin-Cardona A, Teller M, Alonso Abreu I, Maroto N, Frago S, Gardeazabal D, Pérez-Martínez I, Febles González ÁD, Barrero S, Taxonera C, García de la Filia I, Ezkurra-Altuna A, Madero L, Martín-Arranz MD, Gomollón F, Domènech E, García-López S. Initial Management of Intra-abdominal Abscesses and Preventive Strategies for Abscess Recurrence in Penetrating Crohn's Disease: A National, Multicentre Study Based on ENEIDA Registry. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:578-588. [PMID: 37930823 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intra-abdominal abscesses complicating Crohn's disease [CD] are a challenging situation. Their management, during hospitalisation and after resolution, is still unclear. METHODS Adult patients with CD complicated with intra-abdominal abscess. who required hospitalisation, were included from the prospectively maintained ENEIDA registry from GETECCU. Initial strategy effectiveness and safety to resolve abscess was assessed. Survival analysis was performed to evaluate recurrence risk. Predictive factors associated with resolution were evaluated by multivariate regression and predictive factors associated with recurrence were assessed by Cox regression. RESULTS In all, 520 patients from 37 Spanish hospitals were included; 322 [63%] were initially treated with antibiotics alone, 128 [26%] with percutaneous drainage, and 54 [17%] with surgical drainage. The size of the abscess was critical to the effectiveness of each treatment. In abscesses < 30 mm, the antibiotic was as effective as percutaneous or surgical drainage. However, in larger abscesses, percutaneous or surgical drainage was superior. In abscesses > 50 mm, surgery was superior to percutaneous drainage, although it was associated with a higher complication rate. After abscess resolution, luminal resection was associated with a lower 1-year abscess recurrence risk [HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.24-0.76]. However, those patients who initiated anti-TNF therapy had a similar recurrence risk whether luminal resection had been performed. CONCLUSIONS Small abscesses [<30mm] can be managed with antibiotics alone; larger ones require drainage. Percutaneous drainage will be effective and safer than surgery in many cases. After discharge, anti-TNF therapy reduces abscess recurrence risk in a similar way to bowel resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Casas Deza
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute for Health Research Aragón [IIS Aragón], Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Ruth de Francisco
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Central de Asturias, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias [ISPA], Oviedo, Spain
| | - Milagros Vela González
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Fernando Bermejo
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital of Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Spain
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro de la Serna
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital of Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain; Instituto Biodonostia, Universidad del País Vasco [UPV/EHU], CIBERehd, Spain
| | - Lorena Bernal
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital General de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - José Luis Rueda García
- Gastroenterology Department, La Paz University Hospital. School of Medicine; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, La Paz Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla J Gargallo-Puyuelo
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas [CIBEREHD], Spain
- Institute for Health Research Aragón [IIS Aragón], Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Castro
- Gastroenteroly Department, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Jordi Guardiola
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Gemma Ladrón
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital General de Castelló, Castellón, Spain
| | - Carles Suria
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Sáez Fuster
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital General de Elche, Spain
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa [IIS-Princesa], Universidad Autónoma de Madrid [UAM], Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas [CIBEREHD], Spain
| | - Beatriz Sicilia
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Raquel Gomez
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Fundación de Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | | | - Elena Peña
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Elena Cerrillo
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Xavier Calvet
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadel, Spain and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas [CIBEREHD], Spain
| | - Noemí Manceñido
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain
| | | | - Sandra Marín
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Cristina Roig
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Marce
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Moisès Broggi, Sant Joan Despí, Spain
| | | | - Elena Betoré
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario San Jorge, Huesca, Spain
| | - Albert Martin-Cardona
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Terrassa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas [CIBERehd], Spain
| | - Marta Teller
- Gastroenterology Department, Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universitaria de Manresa, Manresa, Spain
| | | | - Nuria Maroto
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de Manises, Manises, Spain
| | - Santiago Frago
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Santa Bárbara, Soria, España
| | | | - Isabel Pérez-Martínez
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Central de Asturias, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias [ISPA], Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ángel David Febles González
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Sara Barrero
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital of Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Spain
| | - Carlos Taxonera
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ander Ezkurra-Altuna
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital of Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain; Instituto Biodonostia, Universidad del País Vasco [UPV/EHU], CIBERehd, Spain
| | - Lucía Madero
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital General de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - María Dolores Martín-Arranz
- Gastroenterology Department, La Paz University Hospital. School of Medicine; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, La Paz Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Gomollón
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas [CIBEREHD], Spain
- Institute for Health Research Aragón [IIS Aragón], Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Eugeni Domènech
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas [CIBEREHD], Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago García-López
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute for Health Research Aragón [IIS Aragón], Zaragoza, Spain
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Vicens-Sans A, Pascari X, Molino F, Ramos AJ, Marín S. Near infrared hyperspectral imaging as a sorting tool for deoxynivalenol reduction in wheat batches. Food Res Int 2024; 178:113984. [PMID: 38309885 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) and chemometrics for classification of individual wheat kernels according to their deoxynivalenol (DON) level. In total, 600 wheat kernels from samples naturally contaminated over the maximum EU level were collected, and the DON content in each individual wheat kernel was analyzed by UHPLC. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was employed for building classification models of DON using the EU maximum level as cut off level, and they were tested on balanced and imbalanced test sets. The results showed that the models presented a balanced accuracy of 0.71, that would allow to obtain safe batches from contaminated batches once the unsafe kernels had been rejected, but often more than 30% of the batch would be rejected. The work confirmed that NIR-HSI could be a feasible method for monitoring DON in individual kernels and removing highly contaminated kernels prior to food chain entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vicens-Sans
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology, Engineering and Science Department, University of Lleida, AGROTECNIO-CERCA Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - X Pascari
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology, Engineering and Science Department, University of Lleida, AGROTECNIO-CERCA Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - F Molino
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology, Engineering and Science Department, University of Lleida, AGROTECNIO-CERCA Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - A J Ramos
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology, Engineering and Science Department, University of Lleida, AGROTECNIO-CERCA Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - S Marín
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology, Engineering and Science Department, University of Lleida, AGROTECNIO-CERCA Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
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Gros B, Soto P, Causse M, Marín S, Iglesias E, Benítez JM. Impact of Clostridioides difficile infection in patients admitted with ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:232-239. [PMID: 36073852 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2022.2121175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), which is the principal causative agent of nosocomial diarrhoea in western countries. This has been related to complications such as need of colectomy and mortality among these patients. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and impact of CDI in patients hospitalised with UC. METHODS Case-control retrospective study including patients admitted due to a UC flare from January 2000 to September 2018. Porpensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimise selection bias taking into account the small number of cases compared to controls. RESULTS 339 patients were included; CDI in 35 (10.3%) patients. After PSM, 35 (33.33%) cases and 70 (66.67%) controls were analysed. Patients with CDI presented higher rates of readmission (52.9% vs. 21.4%, p = .001), increased mortality within the first 3 months post-discharge (5.9% vs. 0%, p = .042) and increased need of therapy intensification in the first year after admission (20.7% vs. 12.5%, p = .001). No risk factors for CDI were identified. Multivariable cox regression showed that treatment with 5-aminosalycilates at baseline (HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.18-0.92) and albumin <3.5 g/dL (HR 3.11, 95% CI 1.21-8.03) were associated with worse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS CDI is a prevalent situation in hospitalised UC patients related to higher mortality within the first 3 months after the infection, need for therapy intensification within the first year and readmission. Our results underline the importance of CDI detection in patients with a flare of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Gros
- Gastroenterology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pilar Soto
- Gastroenterology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Causse
- Microbiology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sandra Marín
- Gastroenterology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eva Iglesias
- Gastroenterology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Benítez
- Gastroenterology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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Molina-Pintor IB, Ruíz-Arias MA, Guerrero-Flores MC, Rojas-García AE, Barrón-Vivanco BS, Medina-Díaz IM, Bernal-Hernández YY, Ortega-Cervantes L, Rodríguez-Cervantes CH, Ramos AJ, Sanchis V, Marín S, González-Arias CA. Preliminary survey of the occurrence of mycotoxins in cereals and estimated exposure in a northwestern region of Mexico. Int J Environ Health Res 2022; 32:2271-2285. [PMID: 34348544 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.1953447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins have several toxicological implications. In the present study, we evaluate the presence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and fumonisin (FB1) in paddy rice, polished rice, and maize from the fields and markets in Nayarit State (Mexico). The results indicated the presence of AFB1 in 21.21% of paddy rice samples and 11.11% of market maize samples. OTA was present in only 3.03% (one sample) of paddy rice samples. FB1 was detected in 87.50% and 88.88% of maize samples from field and market, respectively. The estimated human exposure was calculated for FB1 using the probable daily intake (PDI), which suggested that FB1 could contribute to the development of diseases through the consumption of contaminated maize. Positive samples indicated that some rice and maize samples were not suitable for human consumption. Further efforts are needed to continue monitoring mycotoxins and update national legislation on mycotoxins accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- I B Molina-Pintor
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Xalisco, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - M A Ruíz-Arias
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Xalisco, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - M C Guerrero-Flores
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Xalisco, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - A E Rojas-García
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, México
| | - B S Barrón-Vivanco
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, México
| | - I M Medina-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, México
| | - Y Y Bernal-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, México
| | - L Ortega-Cervantes
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, México
| | - C H Rodríguez-Cervantes
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmaceúticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, México
| | - A J Ramos
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - V Sanchis
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - S Marín
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - C A González-Arias
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, México
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Hernández-Camba A, Arranz L, Vera I, Carpio D, Calafat M, Lucendo AJ, Taxonera C, Marín S, Garcia MJ, Marín GS, Rodríguez ES, Carbajo AY, De Castro ML, Iborra M, Martin-Cardona A, Rodríguez-Lago I, Busquets D, Bertoletti F, Ausín MS, Tardillo C, Malaves JH, Bujanda L, Castaño A, Domènech E, Ramos L. Real-world use of mycophenolate mofetil in inflammatory bowel disease: Results from the ENEIDA registry. Dig Liver Dis 2022; 54:635-641. [PMID: 34862115 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies to evaluate the use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are limited after the appearance of biological treatments. AIMS Our primary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of MMF in IBD. METHODS IBD patients who had received MMF were retrieved from the ENEIDA registry. Clinical activity as per the Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI), partial Mayo score (pMS), physician global assessment (PGA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were reviewed at baseline, at 3 and 6 months, and at final follow-up. Adverse events and causes of treatment discontinuation were documented. RESULTS A total of 83 patients were included (66 Crohn's disease, 17 ulcerative colitis), 90% of whom had previously received other immunosuppressants. In 61% of patients systemic steroids were used at initiation of MMF, and in 27.3% biological agents were co-administered with MMF. Overall clinical effectiveness was observed in 64.7% of the population. At the end of treatment, 45.6% and 19.1% of subjects showed remission and clinical response, respectively. MMF treatment was maintained for a median of 28.9 months (IQR: 20.4-37.5). CONCLUSION Our study suggests, in the largest cohort to date, that MMF may be an effective alternative to thiopurines and methotrexate in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hernández-Camba
- Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Gastroenterology Dept., Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - L Arranz
- Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Gastroenterology Dept., Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - I Vera
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Gastroenterology Dept., Madrid, Spain
| | - D Carpio
- Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, Gastroenterology Dept., Pontevedra, Spain. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur
| | - M Calafat
- Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Gastroenterology Dept., Badalona, and CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - A J Lucendo
- Hospital General de Tomelloso, Gastroenterology Dept., Tomelloso, and CIBEREHD, Spain
| | - C Taxonera
- Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Gastroenterology Dept., Madrid, Spain
| | - S Marín
- Hospital Reina Sofía, Gastroenterology Dept., Córdoba, Spain
| | - M J Garcia
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Gastroenterology Dept., Santander, Spain
| | - G Suris Marín
- Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Gastroenterology Dept., Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - A Y Carbajo
- Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Gastroenterology Dept., Valladolid, Spain
| | - M L De Castro
- Complexo H. Universitario de Vigo, Gastroenterology Dept., Vigo, Spain
| | - M Iborra
- Hospital Universitari La Fe de Valencia and CIBEREHD, Gastroenterology Dept., Valencia, Spain
| | - A Martin-Cardona
- Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa and CIBEREHD, Gastroenterology Dept., Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Rodríguez-Lago
- Hospital General de Tomelloso, Gastroenterology Dept., Tomelloso, and CIBEREHD, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao, Gastroenterology Dept., and Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Galdakao, Spain
| | - D Busquets
- Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Gastroenterology Dept., Girona, Spain
| | - F Bertoletti
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Gastroenterology Dept., Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Sierra Ausín
- Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, Gastroenterology Dept., León, Spain
| | - C Tardillo
- Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Gastroenterology Dept., Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - J Huguet Malaves
- Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Gastroenterology Dept., Valencia, Spain
| | - L Bujanda
- Hospital Universitario de Donostia - Instituto Biodonostia - Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU- and CIBEREHD, Gastroenterology Dept., Donostia, Spain
| | - A Castaño
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Gastroenterology Dept., Oviedo, Spain
| | - E Domènech
- Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Gastroenterology Dept., Badalona, and CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ramos
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Gastroenterology Dept., La Laguna, Spain
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Vicente RL, Marín S, Valverde JR, Palomino C, Mellado RP, Gullón S. Functional identification of a Streptomyces lividans FKBP-like protein involved in the folding of overproduced secreted proteins. Open Biol 2019; 9:190201. [PMID: 31662098 PMCID: PMC6833217 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Some bacterial peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases) are involved in secretory protein folding after the translocation step. Streptomyces lividans has been used as a host for engineering extracellular overproduction of homologous and heterologous proteins in industrial applications. Although the mechanisms governing the major secretory pathway (Sec route) and the minor secretory pathway (Tat route) are reasonably well described, the function of proteins responsible for the extracellular secretory protein folding is not characterized as yet. We have characterized a Tat-dependent S. lividans FK506-binding protein-like lipoprotein (FKBP) that has PPIase activity. A mutant in the sli-fkbp gene induces a secretion stress response and affects secretion and activity of the Sec-dependent protein α-amylase. Additionally, propagation in high copy number of the sli-fkbp gene has a positive effect on the activity of both the overproduced α-amylase and the overproduced Tat-dependent agarase, both containing proline cis isomers. Targeted proteomic analyses showed that a relevant group of secreted proteins in S. lividans TK21 are affected by Sli-FKBP, revealing a wide substrate range. The results obtained indicate that, regardless of the secretory route used by proteins in S. lividans, adjusting the expression of sli-fkbp may facilitate folding of dependent proteins when engineering Streptomyces strains for the overproduction of homologous or heterologous secretory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. L. Vicente
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), c/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Marín
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), c/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. R. Valverde
- Scientific Computing Service, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), c/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. Palomino
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), c/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. P. Mellado
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), c/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Gullón
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), c/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Rodríguez-Blanco M, Ramos AJ, Sanchis V, Marín S. Mycotoxins occurrence and fungal populations in different types of silages for dairy cows in Spain. Fungal Biol 2019; 125:103-114. [PMID: 33518200 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Silages constitute a major component of the feed ration for dairy cows, being a potential source of mycotoxins due to the possible contamination by filamentous fungi capable of producing these toxic compounds. In this study, samples of different kinds of silages collected from farms located in four regions of Spain, were analysed to evaluate the occurrence of aflatoxins (AFs) and Fusarium mycotoxins. Lactic acid bacteria and fungal populations as well as pH and water activity were also studied. Penicillium, Geotrichum and Monascus were the main fungi identified in all the silages examined. The incidence of AFs was low (10 % of positive samples). Fusarium mycotoxins were detected in 40 % of the samples and fumonisins (FBs) were the most commonly detected. Maize silage was the most heavily contaminated type of silage. Levels of mycotoxins detected in positive samples did not exceed the EU guidance values. The lack of relationship between Fusarium counts and its mycotoxin concentrations suggested that mycotoxin production possibly occurred pre-ensiling or immediately post-ensiling. Outcomes showed that mould growth and mycotoxin contamination in silages should be regularly monitored in order to minimize the exposure of dairy cows to contaminated feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rodríguez-Blanco
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - A J Ramos
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - V Sanchis
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - S Marín
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
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Rodríguez-Blanco M, Ramos AJ, Prim M, Sanchis V, Marín S. Usefulness of the analytical control of aflatoxins in feedstuffs for dairy cows for the prevention of aflatoxin M 1 in milk. Mycotoxin Res 2019; 36:11-22. [PMID: 31111427 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-019-00362-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and can be excreted in milk of cows after consuming aflatoxin (AF)-contaminated feed. The aim of this research was to assess the levels of total AFs in samples of feedingstuff for dairy cows (n = 193) and the levels of AFM1 in raw bulk tank milk samples (n = 375), in order to estimate the ratio of "AFB1 feed input" versus "AFM1 milk output" in four specific regions of Spain. Moreover, the correlation between the raw materials used as ingredients of the total mixed ration (TMR) and the presence of AFs was studied. About one-third (34.7%) of the feed samples were positive for total AFs in a range of 0.05-6.45 μg/kg, and 12.4% were positive for AFB1. AFM1 was detected in 18.9% of bulk milk samples, with concentrations ranging from 0.009 to 1.36 μg/kg. While none of the feed samples exceeded the European Union (EU) maximum content for AFB1 in feedingstuff for dairy animals of 5 μg/kg, three bulk milk samples exceeded the EU maximum level for AFM1 in milk of 50 ng/kg. The transfer ratio AFB1/AFM1, which was derived from AFB1 levels in feed, AFM1 levels in bulk tank milk, feed intake, and milk yield data, was 0.6-6%, which corresponded well with the range of published carry-over data for aflatoxins. Statistical analyses showed that the main sources of AFB1 in TMR were maize silage, bagasse, soya bean husk, maize, alfalfa hay, cotton seed and compound feed, thus special attention should be paid in controlling these raw materials when used in TMR preparation. Although the analysis of AFs in feed did not correlate with the presence of AFM1 in milk, monitoring feedstuffs is a useful tool in order to try and minimise AF-contamination of milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rodríguez-Blanco
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - A J Ramos
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - M Prim
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - V Sanchis
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - S Marín
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
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Estiarte N, Crespo-Sempere A, Marín S, Sanchis V, Ramos A. Occurrence of Alternaria mycotoxins and quantification of viable Alternaria spp. during the food processing of tomato products in Spain. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2018. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2017.2282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of two Alternaria mycotoxins, alternariol (AOH) and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) and the presence of conidia from Alternaria spp., were investigated throughout the food production chain of two businesses, one which uses organic fruit and the other non-organic. For this purpose, a propidium monoazide (PMA) treatment followed by a quantitative Real Time PCR (qPCR) was used to detect and quantify viable conidia exclusively. Results demonstrated that 68.4% of the total raw fruit analysed was contaminated with viable Alternaria spp. Regarding the mycotoxin occurrence, only a few samples were contaminated with AME, while 35% of raw tomatoes tested positive for AOH in the organic producer and 21% in the non-organic producer. AOH was present in samples analysed before heat treatment, while almost no mycotoxins were found in the final products of the organic producer. However, in the non-organic producer, 47% of the tomato concentrates were contaminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Estiarte
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A. Crespo-Sempere
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Valgenetics S.L. University of Valencia Science Park, C/Catedratico Agustin Escardino 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - S. Marín
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - V. Sanchis
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A.J. Ramos
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Estiarte N, Crespo-Sempere A, Marín S, Ramos A, Worobo R. Stability of alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether during food processing of tomato products. Food Chem 2018; 245:951-957. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Estiarte N, Crespo-Sempere A, Marín S, Sanchis V, Ramos A. Exploring polyamine metabolism of Alternaria alternata to target new substances to control the fungal infection. Food Microbiol 2017; 65:193-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sandoval-Contreras T, Marín S, Villarruel-López A, Gschaedler A, Garrido-Sánchez L, Ascencio F. Growth Modeling of Aspergillus niger Strains Isolated from Citrus Fruit as a Function of Temperature on a Synthetic Medium from Lime (Citrus latifolia T.) Pericarp. J Food Prot 2017; 80:1090-1098. [PMID: 28574305 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Molds are responsible for postharvest spoilage of citrus fruits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature on growth rate and the time to visible growth of Aspergillus niger strains isolated from citrus fruits. The growth of these strains was studied on agar lime medium (AL) at different temperatures, and growth rate was estimated using the Baranyi and Roberts model (Int. J. Food Microbiol. 23:277-294, 1994). The Rosso et al. cardinal model with inflexion (L. Rosso, J. R. Lobry, S. Bajard, and J. P. Flandrois, J. Theor. Biol. 162:447-463, 1993) was used as a secondary model to describe the effect of temperature on growth rate and the lag phase. We hypothesized that the same model could be used to calculate the time for the mycelium to become visible (tv) by substituting the lag phase (1/λ and 1/λopt) with the time to visible colony (1/tv-opt and 1/tv), respectively, in the Rosso et al. MODEL High variability was observed at suboptimal conditions. Extremes of temperature of growth for A. niger seem to have a normal variability. For the growth rate and time tv, the model was satisfactorily compared with results of previous studies. An external validation was performed in lime fruits; the bias and accuracy factors were 1.3 and 1.5, respectively, for growth rate and 0.24 and 3.72, respectively, for the appearance time. The discrepancy may be due to the influence of external factors. A. niger grows significantly more slowly on lime fruit than in culture medium, probably because the nutrients are more easily available in medium than in fruits, where the peel consistency may be a physical barrier. These findings will help researchers understand the postharvest behavior of mold on lime fruits, host-pathogen interactions, and environmental conditions infecting fruit and also help them develop guidelines for future work in the field of predictive mycology to improve models for control of postharvest fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sandoval-Contreras
- 1 Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, A.C. Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, 23097 La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - S Marín
- 2 Ciéncia i Tecnologia Agrària i Alimentària, Departament de Tecnologia d'Aliments, Universitat de Lleida. Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A Villarruel-López
- 3 Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Marcelino García Barragán 145, 44430, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - A Gschaedler
- 4 Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. Camino Arenero 1227, 45019 Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - L Garrido-Sánchez
- 5 Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Occidente, A.C. Periférico Sur Manuel Gómez Morín 8585, 45604 Tlaquepaque, Jalisco, México
| | - F Ascencio
- 1 Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, A.C. Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, 23097 La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
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Rodríguez-Perálvarez M, De Luca L, Crespo G, Rubin Á, Marín S, Benlloch S, Colmenero J, Berenguer M, Navasa M, Tsochatzis E, De la Mata M. An objective definition for clinical suspicion of T-cell-mediated rejection after liver transplantation. Clin Transplant 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rodríguez-Perálvarez
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation; Reina Sofía University Hospital; IMIBIC; CIBERehd; Córdoba Spain
| | - Laura De Luca
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health and Sheila Sherlock Liver Unit; Royal Free Hospital and UCL; London UK
| | - Gonzalo Crespo
- Liver Transplant Unit; Hospital Clinic; IDIBAPS; CIBERehd; Barcelona Spain
| | - Ángel Rubin
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit; La Fe University Hospital; CIBERehd; Valencia Spain
| | - Sandra Marín
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation; Reina Sofía University Hospital; IMIBIC; CIBERehd; Córdoba Spain
| | - Salvador Benlloch
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit; La Fe University Hospital; CIBERehd; Valencia Spain
| | - Jordi Colmenero
- Liver Transplant Unit; Hospital Clinic; IDIBAPS; CIBERehd; Barcelona Spain
| | - Marina Berenguer
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit; La Fe University Hospital; CIBERehd; Valencia Spain
| | - Miguel Navasa
- Liver Transplant Unit; Hospital Clinic; IDIBAPS; CIBERehd; Barcelona Spain
| | - Emmanuel Tsochatzis
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health and Sheila Sherlock Liver Unit; Royal Free Hospital and UCL; London UK
| | - Manuel De la Mata
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation; Reina Sofía University Hospital; IMIBIC; CIBERehd; Córdoba Spain
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Estiarte N, Crespo-Sempere A, Marín S, Sanchis V, Ramos A. Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene on the development of black mold disease and its potential effect on alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether biosynthesis on tomatoes infected with Alternaria alternata. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 236:74-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Vidal A, Cano-Sancho G, Marín S, Ramos A, Sanchis V. Multidetection of urinary ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol and its metabolites: pilot time-course study and risk assessment in Catalonia, Spain. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2015.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The presence of two main mycotoxins, ochratoxin A (OTA) and deoxynivalenol (DON), is widespread in cereal-based foodstuffs marketed in Europe. The objectives of this study were to develop and validate a multi-detection analytical methodology to simultaneously assess the urinary concentrations of OTA, DON and their metabolites, and to apply this methodology in a preliminary follow-up trial in Catalonia (Spain). Hence, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to simultaneously assess the urinary levels of OTA, DON, deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON-3-glucoside), deoxynivalenol-3-glucuronide (DON-3-glucuronide), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and de-epoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1). Urine mycotoxins levels and food dietary intake were prospectively monitored in a group of volunteers throughout a restriction period followed by a free-diet period. The proposed multi-detection methodology for urinary OTA and DON metabolites was validated, providing suitable recovery, linearity and precision. The results from the pilot trial showed that urinary OTA, DON and its metabolites were detected in most background samples, displaying moderate reductions after the restriction period and subsequently recovering the background levels. Despite the restriction period, some DON metabolites, such as 3-ADON or DOM-1, were still found in urine samples, placing alternative sources of DON exposure other than the ones considered in the study under suspicion. DON and DON-3-glucuronide were significantly associated with consumption of bread, pasta and pastries, while OTA was only associated with consumption of wine and breakfast cereals. The urinary levels of OTA were significantly correlated with plasmatic levels of OTA and ochratoxin α, supporting the results from the multidetection method in urine. The results also showed that the high exposure to DON could be held throughout the time by the same person, exceeding the tolerable daily intake systematically instead of eventually. The estimates of OTA exposure through urine are largely higher than those obtained with the dietary approach. The background levels found in urine revealed that the exposure to DON and OTA could be of concern for the Catalonian population, thus, further studies applying this biomonitoring methodology in a larger sample of Catalonian population are needed to accurately characterise the human health risks at population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Vidal
- Food Technology Department, XaRTA-UTPV, Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - G. Cano-Sancho
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8627, USA
| | - S. Marín
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8627, USA
| | - A.J. Ramos
- Food Technology Department, XaRTA-UTPV, Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - V. Sanchis
- Food Technology Department, XaRTA-UTPV, Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Marín S, Ramos AJ, Cuevas D, Sanchis V. Fusarium verticillioides andFusarium graminearum Infection and Fumonisin B1 and Zearalenone Accumulation in Resveratrol-treated Corn. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1082013206067907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol antimycotoxigenic activity was tested against Fusarium verticillioidesand Fusarium graminearum in corn. Both trans-resveratrol and RES VIN® (a commercial lyophilised polyphenolic product obtained from the skins of red wine grapes, which contains a 10.015% resveratrol) were tested for their efficacy to control mycotoxins accumulation in corn. In particular, their effects were tested against fumonisin B1(FB1) and zearalenone (ZEA) accumulation in naturally contaminated corn with additional inocula of toxinogenic isolates of either F. verticillioides or F. graminearum. ZEA accumulation was reduced by 80% in F. graminearum inoculated samples, while no inhibition of FB1 accumulation was observed in any of the treatments tested. Resveratrol has previously shown to have antifungal properties against certain fungal species. Thus, studies are needed using higher resveratrol concentrations in order to achieve wider antimycotoxigenic effect as reported in in vitro studies. Trans-resveratrol and RES VIN® had similar effects in the experiment carried out, suggesting that the use of the sub product of the wine industry could be a good alternative to synthetic resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Marín
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, CeRTA-UTPV, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | - V. Sanchis
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, CeRTA-UTPV, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Bellí N, Marín S, Sanchis V, Ramos A. Review: Ochratoxin A (OTA) in Wines, Musts and Grape Juices: Occurrence, Regulations and Methods of Analysis. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1106/108201302031863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
This work gives a general overview of ochratoxin A (OTA) occurrence in wines and the methodology for OTA analysis. The results of more than two thousand samples taken from the literature have been taken into account to quite extensively describe the present situation of OTA contamination of wine. According to these data, OTA is much more commonly detected in red wines than in rosé and white wines, and OTA concentration is remarkably higher than in the latter ones. Thus OTA could be detected in 45% (median 34%) of white wine samples, whereas it was detected in 66% (median 66%) of rosé and 71% (median 90%) of red wine samples. When comparing the wines from Northern and Southern regions, the latter showed a higher contamination than those from the Northern area. It has been suggested that OTA accumulation could be due to fungi belonging to the genus Aspergillus in wines from Southern European countries because the crops are exposed to elevated temperatures, which favour growth of OTA-producing Aspergillus species over Penicillium. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) associated with fluorescence detection preceded by extraction of OTA using commercially available immunoaffinity columns (IAC) is currently the most applied method for OTA determination in wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Bellí
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida. Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - S. Marín
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida. Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - V. Sanchis
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida. Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A.J. Ramos
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida. Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Abstract
This survey describes the fumonisin B 1(FB1) occurrence in 228 and 58 corn-based food samples from Spain for human and animal consumption, respectively. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ophthaldialdehyde derivatization was used for the analysis of FB 1. We detected FB1 in 86% of the samples for animal consumption, ranging from 89–8757 ng/g. Four of these samples had levels of FB 1> 5000 ng/g but none of them higher than 10,000 ng/g. On the other hand, FB 1was detected in 23% of the samples for human consumption. The lowest amount of FB 1found in a positive sample was 16 ng/g, and the highest was 938 ng/g. The most contaminated samples were the wholemeal corn flours, with a range of contamination that varied from 299–938 ng/g.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - V. Sanchis
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida, Avda. Rovira Roure 177, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A. J. Ramos
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida, Avda. Rovira Roure 177, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Díaz-Gómez J, Marín S, Capell T, Sanchis V, Ramos A. The impact of Bacillus thuringiensis technology on the occurrence of fumonisins and other mycotoxins in maize. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2015.1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In many developing countries, maize is both a staple food crop and a widely-used animal feed. However, adventitious colonisation or damage caused by insect pests allows fungi to penetrate the vegetative parts of the plant and the kernels, the latter resulting in mycotoxin contamination. Maize seeds contaminated with fumonisins and other mycotoxins pose a serious threat to both humans and livestock. However, numerous studies have reported a significant reduction in pest damage, disease symptoms and fumonisin levels in maize hybrids expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gene cry1Ab, particularly in areas where the European corn borer is prevalent. When other pests are also present, the cry1Ab gene alone offers insufficient protection, and combinations of insecticidal genes are required to reduce damage to plants caused by insects. The combination of Cry1Ab protein with other Cry proteins (such as Cry1F) or Vip proteins has reduced the incidence of pests and, indirectly, mycotoxin levels. Maize hybrids expressing multiple Bt genes, such as SmartStax®, are less susceptible to damage by insects, but mycotoxin levels are not routinely and consistently compared in these crops. Bt maize has a greater economic impact on Fusarium toxins than aflatoxins. The main factors that determine the effectiveness of Bt hybrids are the type of pest and the environmental conditions, but the different fungal infection pathways must also be considered. An alternative strategy to reduce mycotoxin levels in crops is the development of transgenic plants expressing genes that protect against fungal infection or reduce mycotoxin levels by in situ detoxification. In this review article, we summarise what is known about the relationship between the cultivation of Bt maize hybrids and contamination levels with different types of mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Díaz-Gómez
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - S. Marín
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - T. Capell
- Plant Production and Forestry Science Department, University of Lleida, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - V. Sanchis
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A.J. Ramos
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Miarons M, García V, Moreno Q, Marín S, Camps M, Sánchez A, Agustí C, Gurrera T, Campins L. PS-011 Impact of pharmaceutical interventions on medication errors in preparation of chemotherapy regimens. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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García V, Camps M, Moreno Q, Miarons M, Campins L, Sánchez A, Marín S, Gurrera T, Fábregas X, Agustí C. PS-002 New oral therapies in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Safety profile evaluation. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Letelier H, Gutiérrez C, Martínez E, Galdeano M, Marín S, Pera J, Moreno S, Pino F, González F, García M, Guedea F. EP-1266: Interstitial brachytherapy using MUPIT in locally advanced or recurrent gynecological malignancies. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)41258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Crespo-Sempere A, Estiarte N, Marín S, Sanchis V, Ramos AJ. Targeting Fusarium graminearum control via polyamine enzyme inhibitors and polyamine analogs. Food Microbiol 2015; 49:95-103. [PMID: 25846919 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum not only reduces yield and seed quality but also constitutes a risk to public or animal health owing to its ability to contaminate grains with mycotoxins. Resistance problems are emerging and control strategies based on new targets are needed. Polyamines have a key role in growth, development and differentiation. In this work, the possibility of using polyamine metabolism as a target to control F. graminearum has been assessed. It was found that putrescine induces mycotoxin production, correlating with an over expression of TRI5 and TRI6 genes. In addition, a homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TPO4 involved in putrescine excretion was up-regulated as putrescine concentration increased while DUR3 and SAM3 homologues, involved in putrescine uptake, were down-regulated. When 2.5 mM D, l-α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) was added to the medium, DON production decreased from 3.2 to 0.06 ng/mm(2) of colony and growth was lowered by up to 70 per cent. However, exogenous putrescine could overcome DFMO effects. Five polyamine transport inhibitors were also tested against F. graminearum. AMXT-1505 was able to completely inhibit in vitro growth and DON production. Additionally, AMXT-1505 blocked F. graminearum growth in inoculated wheat spikes reducing DON mycotoxin contamination from 76.87 μg/g to 0.62 μg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Crespo-Sempere
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - N Estiarte
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - S Marín
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - V Sanchis
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A J Ramos
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Fernane F, Cano-Sancho G, Sanchis V, Marín S, Ramos AJ. Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in pistachios sampled in Spain: occurrence and presence of mycotoxigenic fungi. Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2014; 3:185-92. [PMID: 24779573 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2010.497257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A survey of the fungal contamination and occurrence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A (OTA) in 50 pistachio nut samples collected from commercial stores around Catalonia (Spain) was carried out. Aspergillus flavus was found in 30% of samples, whereas Aspergillus section Nigri, Aspergillus ochraceus, and Penicillium verrucosum were found in 40%, 2% and 26% of samples, respectively. A total of 204 fungal isolates were obtained; 70.8% of A. flavus isolates were able to produce aflatoxin B1 and B2, whereas OTA production capacity was detected in 54.4% of the A. section Nigri biseriate isolates. Aflatoxins were detected in five samples (10% of total), all exceeding the maximum legal limit set for aflatoxin B1 (2 µg kg(-1)) or for total aflatoxins (4 µg kg(-1)), with one sample having a very high level of contamination (1134.5 µg kg(-1)). Only one sample of pistachio showed OTA contamination at 0.67 µg kg(-1). Simultaneous contamination by aflatoxins and OTA was not observed in these samples. It was concluded that the frequency of aflatoxins and OTA contamination in pistachio samples available in the Spanish market is relatively low. Thus, no significant contribution to health risk should be expected from aflatoxin consumption through pistachios among healthy consumers. However, the existence of single samples with an extremely high aflatoxin concentration reinforces the need for effective prevention strategies in pistachio processing and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fernane
- a Applied Mycology Unit, Department of Food Technology , XaRTA-UTPV, University of Lleida , Av. Rovira Roure 191 , E-25198 Lleida , Spain
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Vidal A, Marín S, Morales H, Ramos AJ, Sanchis V. The fate of deoxynivalenol and ochratoxin A during the breadmaking process, effects of sourdough use and bran content. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 68:53-60. [PMID: 24607819 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are mycotoxins produced by fungal species which can contaminate, alone or simultaneously, cereal-based products such as bread. Due to the increasing interest in the beneficial effects of dietary bran, bran bread has attained high consumption. Usually, the higher mycotoxin concentrations in cereals are found in the external layers of the grain (bran), leading to higher concentration of DON and OTA in breads with added bran. Moreover, the use of sourdough in breadmaking is increasing, but no studies about its effect in the mycotoxins content exist. The objective of this study was to determine the variation of concentration of these mycotoxins during the breadmaking process including the following factors: two initial mycotoxin concentrations in the initial mix of ingredients, four different bran contents, and use of sourdough. OTA was confirmed to be quite stable during the breadmaking process, regardless of the assayed factors. DON concentration during breadmaking was not significantly affected by bran content of bread. However, it was significantly affected by kneading and fermentation steps in opposite way depending on sourdough use and flour contamination level: if DON reduction occurs during fermentation, this leads to a safer situation, but the possible increase in DON should be considered with care, as it can compensate the expected dilution effect by recipe. Finally, the results on deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON-3-G), although preliminar, suggest an increase of this toxin during fermentation, but mainly during baking.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vidal
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - S Marín
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - H Morales
- IBB - Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - A J Ramos
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - V Sanchis
- Applied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Rodríguez-Cervantes C, Ramos A, Robledo-Marenco M, Sanchis V, Marín S, Girón-Pérez M. Determination of aflatoxin and fumonisin levels through ELISA and HPLC, on tilapia feed in Nayarit, Mexico. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2012.684202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Crespo-Sempere A, Marín S, Sanchis V, Ramos A. VeA and LaeA transcriptional factors regulate ochratoxin A biosynthesis in Aspergillus carbonarius. Int J Food Microbiol 2013; 166:479-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Santos L, Marín S, Sanchis V, Ramos A. In vitro effect of some fungicides used in cultivation of Capsicum spp. on growth and ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus species. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2013. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2012.1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the effect of some pre-harvest fungicides commonly used in Capsicum fruit production on growth and ochratoxin A production of three Aspergillus species found in Capsicum powder. Aspergillus tubingensis, Aspergillus ochraceus and Aspergillus westerdijkiae, previously isolated from paprika and chilli, were inoculated on yeast extract sucrose agar and paprika extract agar supplemented with different fungicides at their recommended dosage rates, and incubated at 20 and 30 °C during 7 days. Radial growth was measured after 3, 5 and 7 days and ochratoxin A production was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection on day 7. Dodine 40% and mancozeb 80% were the most effective fungicides in inhibiting growth and ochratoxin A production, regardless of the fungal strain tested or temperature conditions. Whereas the application of fungicides could be very attractive in reducing the mycotoxigenic fungal load, it can also stimulate ochratoxin A production in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Santos
- Department of Food Technology Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - S. Marín
- Department of Food Technology Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - V. Sanchis
- Department of Food Technology Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A.J. Ramos
- Department of Food Technology Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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González-Arias C, Marín S, Sanchis V, Ramos A. Mycotoxin bioaccessibility/absorption assessment using in vitro digestion models: a review. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2013. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2012.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the evaluation of the oral bioavailability of a mycotoxin, the first step is the determination of its bioaccessibility, i.e. the percentage of mycotoxin released from the food matrix during digestion in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that could be absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Different in vitro digestion models have been recently used for determination of bioaccessibility, thereby avoiding the use of more complex cell culture techniques or the use of animals in expensive in vivo experiments. In vitro methods offer an appealing alternative to human and animal studies. They usually are rapid, simple and reasonably low in cost, and can be used to perform simplified experiments under uniform and well-controlled conditions, providing insights not achievable in whole animal studies. The available in vitro methods for GI simulation differ in the design of the system, the composition of the physiological juices assayed, as well as in the use or not of intestinal microbiota. There are models that only simulate the upper part of the GI tract (mouth-stomach-small intestine), whereas other methods include the large intestine, so that the model chosen could have some influence on the bioaccessibility data obtained. Bioaccessibility depends on the food matrix, as well as on the contamination level and the way the food/feed is contaminated (spiked or naturally). This review focuses on the currently available data regarding in vitro digestion models for the study of the bioaccessibility or absorption of mycotoxins, detailing the characteristics of each digestion step and the importance of the physiological juices employed during digestion. The effect that different factors play on mycotoxin release from the food matrix in the GI tract is also considered, and existing data on bioaccessibility of the main mycotoxins are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.A. González-Arias
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - S. Marín
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - V. Sanchis
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A.J. Ramos
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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García-Cela E, Gil-Serna J, Marín S, Acevedo H, Patiño B, Ramos A. Effect of preharvest anti-fungal compounds on Aspergillus steynii and A. carbonarius under fluctuating and extreme environmental conditions. Int J Food Microbiol 2012; 159:167-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cano-Sancho G, Ramos A, Marín S, Sanchis V. Occurrence of fumonisins in Catalonia (Spain) and an exposure assessment of specific population groups. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2012; 29:799-808. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2011.644813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Astoreca A, Vaamonde G, Dalcero A, Ramos AJ, Marín S. Modelling the effect of temperature and water activity of Aspergillus flavus isolates from corn. Int J Food Microbiol 2012; 156:60-7. [PMID: 22445200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to model the effects of temperature (10-40 °C) and a(w) (0.80-0.98), in two media (Czapek yeast agar: CYA; corn extract medium: CEM) on the growth rates and growth boundaries (growth-no growth interface) of three strains of A. flavus isolated from corn in Argentina. Both kinetic and probability models were applied to colony growth data. The growth rates obtained in CYA were significantly (p<0.05) greater than those obtained in CEM medium. No significant differences (p<0.05) were observed among the three isolates. The growth rate data showed a good fit to the Rosso cardinal models combined with the gamma-concept with R(2)=0.98-0.99 and RMSE=0.60-0.78, depending on media and isolates. The probability model allowed prediction of safe storage (p of growth <0.01) for one month for moist maize (e.g. 0.90 a(w)) provided temperature is under 15 °C, or for dry maize (e.g. 0.80 a(w)) provided temperature is under 27 °C. Storage at <0.77 a(w) would be safe regardless of the storage temperature. Probability models allow evaluation of the risk of fungal contamination in the process of storage, so the results obtained in this study may be useful for application in systems of food safety management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Astoreca
- Laboratorio de Microbiología de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Coronel M, Marín S, Cano-Sancho G, Ramos A, Sanchis V. Exposure assessment to ochratoxin A in Catalonia (Spain) based on the consumption of cereals, nuts, coffee, wine, and beer. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2012; 29:979-93. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2012.660708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.B. Coronel
- a Food Technology Department , UTPV-XaRTA-CRA, University of Lleida , Rovira Roure 191 , E-25198 Lleida , Spain
| | - S. Marín
- a Food Technology Department , UTPV-XaRTA-CRA, University of Lleida , Rovira Roure 191 , E-25198 Lleida , Spain
| | - G. Cano-Sancho
- a Food Technology Department , UTPV-XaRTA-CRA, University of Lleida , Rovira Roure 191 , E-25198 Lleida , Spain
| | - A.J. Ramos
- a Food Technology Department , UTPV-XaRTA-CRA, University of Lleida , Rovira Roure 191 , E-25198 Lleida , Spain
| | - V. Sanchis
- a Food Technology Department , UTPV-XaRTA-CRA, University of Lleida , Rovira Roure 191 , E-25198 Lleida , Spain
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Cano-Sancho G, Marín S, Ramos A, Sanchis V. Exposure assessment of T2 and HT2 toxins in Catalonia (Spain). Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:511-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Santos L, Marín S, Mateo E, Gil-Serna J, Valle-Algarra F, Patiño B, Ramos A. Mycobiota and co-occurrence of mycotoxins in Capsicum powder. Int J Food Microbiol 2011; 151:270-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cano-Sancho G, Gauchi JP, Sanchis V, Marín S, Ramos A. Quantitative dietary exposure assessment of the Catalonian population (Spain) to the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2011; 28:1098-109. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2011.576445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Agusti-Mejias A, Sabater V, Messeguer F, García R, Ballester R, Marín S, Lloret A, Alegre V. Inflammatory Myxohyaline Tumor of the Distal Extremities. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Cano-Sancho G, Valle-Algarra F, Jiménez M, Burdaspal P, Legarda T, Ramos A, Sanchis V, Marín S. Presence of trichothecenes and co-occurrence in cereal-based food from Catalonia (Spain). Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Agusti-Mejias A, Sabater V, Messeguer F, García R, Ballester R, Marín S, Lloret A, Alegre V. [Inflammatory myxohyaline tumor of the distal extremities]. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2011; 102:456-62. [PMID: 21329909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2010.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory myxohyaline tumor of the distal extremities is an extremely rare low-grade sarcoma with a tendency to produce local recurrence after surgical excision, but with a low metastatic potential. We present the case of a 49-year-old woman with a slow-growing asymptomatic tumor on the right pretibial region that was initially considered to be a lipoma. Histopathology revealed the presence of a polymorphic inflammatory infiltrate within a myxoid and hyaline matrix. Interspersed between the inflammatory cells were 3 different populations of neoplastic cells: atypical spindle-shaped cells; bizarre epithelioid cells, some of which were multinucleated and resembled the virocytes or Reed-Sternberg cells; and cells with abundant, vacuolated cytoplasm, similar to lipoblasts. These clinical-pathologic findings led to a diagnosis of inflammatory myxohyaline tumor of the distal extremities. Although the tumor was excised with wide surgical margins, local recurrence developed after 3 months and was treated with re-excision and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Agusti-Mejias
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Abstract
This paper presents a journey through the known and the presumed history of two important mycotoxicoses which played an important role in the history of mankind before aflatoxins were discovered: (1) ergotism, also known as St. Anthony's fire or Holy Fire, linked to the consumption of cereals (especially rye) contaminated by the hallucinogenic and vasoconstrictor alkaloids produced by the Claviceps purpurea ergot, whose presence in Europe during the Middle Ages was considered epidemic, and (2) the so-called alimentary toxic aleukia (also known by its English acronym ATA), caused by the trichothecenes produced by Fusarium sporotrichioides and Fusarium poae, which devastated a large part of Russia shortly before the characterisation of the toxins of Aspergillus flavus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Ramos
- Department of Food Technology, Applied Mycology Unit, University of Lleida, XaRTA-UTPV, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - V. Sanchis
- Department of Food Technology, Applied Mycology Unit, University of Lleida, XaRTA-UTPV, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - S. Marín
- Department of Food Technology, Applied Mycology Unit, University of Lleida, XaRTA-UTPV, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Santos L, Kasper R, Sardiñas N, Marín S, Sanchis V, Ramos A. Effect of Capsicum carotenoids on growth and aflatoxins production by Aspergillus flavus isolated from paprika and chilli. Food Microbiol 2010; 27:1064-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2010.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Santos L, Kasper R, Gil-Serna J, Marín S, Sanchis V, Ramos AJ. Effect of Capsicum carotenoids on growth and ochratoxin A production by chilli and paprika Aspergillus spp. isolates. Int J Food Microbiol 2010; 142:354-9. [PMID: 20691491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 05/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a natural carotenoid mixture (Capsantal FS-30-NT), containing capsanthin and capsorubin, on growth and mycotoxin production of ochratoxin A-producing A. ochraceus, A. westerdijkiae, and A. tubingensis isolates. One isolate of each species, previously isolated from paprika or chilli, was inoculated on Czapek Yeast extract Agar (CYA) medium supplemented with different amounts of capsantal (0 to 1%) and incubated at 10, 15 and 25 degrees C for 21days. Growth rates and lag phases were obtained, and OTA production was determined at 7, 14 and 21days. The taxonomically related A. ochraceus and A. westerdijkiae showed the same behavior at 15 degrees C, but A. ochraceus was able to grow at 10 degrees C and had higher growth rates at 25 degrees C. A. tubingensis had the highest growth rates and lowest OTA production capacity of the assayed isolates, and it was not able to grow at 10 degrees C. Capsantal addition resulted in increased lag phases at 15 degrees C for all the strains, while growth rates remained rather constant. At 25 degrees C capsantal reduced growth rates, with rather constant lag phases. However, the effect of capsantal on OTA production was inconclusive, because it depended on temperature or time, and mostly was not significant. Low temperature has been a crucial factor in OTA production, regardless of the capsantal concentration tested, especially for A. tubingensis and A. westerdijkiae. Industrial storage temperature for paprika and chilli is approximately 10 degrees C. If this temperature is maintained, mould growth and OTA production should be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Santos
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, XaRTA-UTPV, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Fernane F, Sanchis V, Marín S, Ramos AJ. First Report on Mould and Mycotoxin Contamination of Pistachios Sampled in Algeria. Mycopathologia 2010; 170:423-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-010-9332-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rodríguez-Cervantes C, Girón-Pérez M, Robledo-Marenco M, Marín S, Velázquez-Fernández J, Medina-Díaz I, Rojas-García A, Ramos A. Aflatoxin B1 and its toxic effects on immune response of teleost fishes: a review. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2010. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2009.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxins represent, among all known mycotoxins, the best characterised and most investigated foodborne contaminants at present. This importance led to early research on acute and chronic toxicity. Further research showed that chronic toxicity due to aflatoxins could cause silent damages, causing the more evident carcinomas, being immunotoxicity one of the first toxicological effects studied on both mammals and aquatic farmed species, such as fishes. Although many of the aflatoxin immunotoxicity scientific information has been generated a quarter of century ago, the recent role of innate immune system on aquatic species still demands for up-to-date results, and expresses that the research on immunotoxicity caused by aflatoxins is yet to be completed. Based on these considerations, the aims of this review are to collect existing data on toxic effects on immune response of teleost fishes due to aflatoxins that could give us a perspective for the follow up research, and to gain new insights on the importance caused by the consumption of aflatoxin contaminated fish through the trophic chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Rodríguez-Cervantes
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo. Tepic, C.P. 63190 Nayarit, Mexico
| | - M. Girón-Pérez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo. Tepic, C.P. 63190 Nayarit, Mexico
| | - M. Robledo-Marenco
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo. Tepic, C.P. 63190 Nayarit, Mexico
| | - S. Marín
- Applied Mycology Unit, Department of Food Technology, XaRTA-UTPV, University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - J. Velázquez-Fernández
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo. Tepic, C.P. 63190 Nayarit, Mexico
| | - I. Medina-Díaz
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo. Tepic, C.P. 63190 Nayarit, Mexico
| | - A. Rojas-García
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo. Tepic, C.P. 63190 Nayarit, Mexico
| | - A. Ramos
- Applied Mycology Unit, Department of Food Technology, XaRTA-UTPV, University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Abstract
This research was undertaken to evaluate the effects of the natural phytochemicals trans-cinnamic acid (CA) alone at concentrations of 20 and 25 mM, ferulic acid (FA) at concentration of 30 mM and two mixtures, CA-FA (20+30 mM) and CA-FA (25+30 mM) on natural maize mycoflora, Aspergillus section Flavi population and aflatoxin B1 production. These studies were carried out in maize grain in relation to a water activity of 0.99, 0.97 and 0.94. CA at 25 mM and the mixture CA-FA (25+30 mM) were the most effective treatments at inhibiting natural maize mycoflora at all aw assayed after 11 and 35 days of incubation at 25 °C. In general, 20 mM CA caused complete inhibition of Aspergillus section Flavi population at all aw values tested during all incubation period without an additional inoculum. 20 mM CA and 25 mM CA showed the major inhibitory effect on aflatoxin B1 accumulation of control and Aspergillus section Flavi additionally inoculated during all incubation periods. The data showed that CA and FA could be considered as effective fungitoxicants for natural maize mycoflora and aflatoxigenic fungi in the aw range 0.99 to 0.94. The information obtained shows promise for controlling aflatoxigenic fungi in stored maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Nesci
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, National University of Rio Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 km 601, 5800 Rio Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
- Research Career of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - S. Marín
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, CeRTA, Rovira Roure 177, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - M. Etcheverry
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, National University of Rio Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 km 601, 5800 Rio Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
- Research Career of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - V. Sanchis
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, CeRTA, Rovira Roure 177, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Castells M, Ramos A, Sanchis V, Marín S. Reduction of fumonisin B1in extruded corn breakfast cereals with salt, malt and sugar in their formulation. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2009; 26:512-7. [DOI: 10.1080/02652030802562896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Hordeum chilense Roem. et Schult. (2n = 14) is an autogamous wild barley from Chile and Argentina included in the section Anisolepis Nevski. This species shows interesting agronomic traits that can be incorporated into crop plant species. Hordeum chilense has been successfully crossed with species of the genus Aegilops. Among the amphiploids obtained, the hexaploid tritordeum (2n = 6x = 42, AABBHchHch) is outstanding and shows good agronomic characteristics, suggesting its potential either as a new crop or as a bridge species to introgress interesting traits into cultivated cereals. The aim of the present work was to study the hybridization patterns of the two repetitive DNA probes pAs1 and pSc119.2 to evaluate their utility for the identification of H. chilense chromosomes. Fourteen lines of H. chilense were analyzed with fluorescent in situ hybridization using probes pSc119.2 and pAs1. The probe pAs1 was more widely dispersed than pSc119.2 over the H. chilense (Hch) genome. We found 89 different signals for pAs1, distributed evenly over the whole genome, and 10 for pSc119.2, located mainly over the telomeric regions. Five distinct hybridization signals were found for pAs1 and four distinct signals for pSc119.2. These signals allow the identification of different H. chilense lines. For example, centromeric signals for pAs1 on the short arms of chromosomes 1 and 7 identify line H46, and a telomeric signal for pSc119.2 on the short arm of chromosome 2 identifies line H1. A high degree of polymorphism in the hybridization patterns was found, confirming the extensive variability present in H. chilense. This work provides tools for the identification of H. chilense chromosomes in different genetic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marín
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Vegetal, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (CSIC), Apdo. 4084, 14080 Cordoba, Spain
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Martínez-Casimiro L, Reboll R, Armengot M, Marín S, García-Melgares ML, Gaona JJ, Pérez-Ferriols A, Alegre V. Nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: report of three cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 23:447-8. [PMID: 18631203 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2008.02911.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Owing to their usual conditions of production in countries with warm and humid climates and to poor storage conditions, products derived from Capsicum sp. are susceptible to fungal contamination and development, which can lead to the accumulation of mycotoxins in these foods. Thus, products as chilli or paprika can be contaminated with fungal toxins, such as aflatoxins, ochratoxins and other mycotoxins, which pose a serious risk to public health. This study reviews the main aspects regarding mycotoxin contamination of Capsicum, in the context of the importance of this product in a global market and approaches the effect of processing on final contamination of foods, as well as reviews the analytical methodology commonly employed in fungal and mycotoxin analysis in these types of products.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Santos
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida, XaRTA-UTPV Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - S. Marín
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida, XaRTA-UTPV Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - V. Sanchis
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida, XaRTA-UTPV Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A.J. Ramos
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida, XaRTA-UTPV Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain,
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