Prediction of properties of boron [Formula: see text]-icosahedral nanosheet by bond-addictive [Formula: see text]-polynomial

Nanosheets with boron elements have excellent characteristics which makes the boron polymorphs unique and super hard. A boron [Formula: see text]-icosahedral nanosheet in crystalline form has superconductivity and thermal electronic properties. In theoretical chemistry and QSPR/QSAR study, a topological descriptor is an important analytical tool. It helps to analyse the structure and its properties and also correlates the with numerical expressions. The valence-based M-polynomial provides quantitative measures of molecular properties based on their geometric, electrostatic, and quantum chemical characteristics. In this article, the QSPR/QSAR analysis is performed for this nanosheet and the analytical expressions are validated with original synthesized data, and received excellent correlation values of 0.9835 and 0.9932. The mathematical expression of the structure is analysed and the indices are compared graphically and numerically.

Whole-cell synthesis of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid from pineapple waste under various fermentation strategies

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is one of the platform chemicals and monomers used in plastic industries, currently synthesized by carcinogenic and toxic chemical processes with high pressure and temperature. The aim of this study was to develop a bioprocess for the production of FDCA. 5-(Hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) was synthesized (22.67 ± 1.36 g/l/h) from pineapple peel using chromium(III) chloride (CrCl3) at 100 °C. After optimization, approximately 3 mg/l/h FDCA was produced by Aspergillus flavus APLS-1 from HMF in a 2.5 L fermenter in a batch strategy. Parallel and immobilized packed bad bioreactors showed less production of FDCA. A fed-batch strategy produced 3.5 ± 0.3 mg/l/h of FDCA in shake flasks. Also, approximately 0.55 mg/l/h of FDCA was produced from pineapple waste derived HMF. However, these bioprocesses may be improved to increase the yield of renewable FDCA, in the future. This is the first report on FDCA production from pineapple waste.

Microsatellites in varied arenas of research

Microsatellites known as simple-sequence repeats (SSRs) or short-tandem repeats (STRs), represent specific sequences of DNA consisting of tandemly repeated units of one to six nucleotides. The repetitive nature of microsatellites makes them particularly prone to grow or shrink in length and these changes can have both good and bad consequences for the organisms that possess them. They are responsible for various neurological diseases and hence the same cause is now utilized for the early detection of various diseases, such as, Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder, Congenital generalized Hypertrichosis, Asthma, and Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness. These agents are widely used for forensic identification and relatedness testing, and are predominant genetic markers in this area of application. The application of microsatellites is an extending web and covers the varied scenarios of science, such as, conservation biology, plant genetics, and population studies. At present, researches are progressing round the globe to extend the use of these genetic repeaters to unmask the hidden genetic secrets behind the creation of the world.

Further studies on the antihepatotoxic activity of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis Linn

Phyllanthus maderaspatensis (whole plant extracts) was evaluated for its antihepatotoxic and choleretic activities in rats. The plant extracts (200 mg/kg, n-hexane, ethyl alcohol or water) showed a remarkable hepatoprotective activity against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity as judged from the serum marker enzymes. The water and ethyl alcohol extracts showed moderate activity compared to the n-hexane extract, which showed activity at a dose as low as 1.5 mg/kg. The antihepatotoxicity of the hexane extract was found to be better than silymarin, a standard hepatoprotective herbal drug. The effect of n-hexane extract was found to be concentration-dependent. This extract also exhibited choleretic activity in normal rats, and in vitro hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation.