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Fagen SJ, Burgess JD, Lim MJ, Amerna D, Kaya ZB, Faroqi AH, Perisetla P, DeMeo NN, Stojkovska I, Quiriconi DJ, Mazzulli JR, Delenclos M, Boschen SL, McLean PJ. Honokiol decreases alpha-synuclein mRNA levels and reveals novel targets for modulating alpha-synuclein expression. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1179086. [PMID: 37637959 PMCID: PMC10449643 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1179086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intracytoplasmic inclusions comprised of aggregated alpha-synuclein (αsyn) represent a key histopathological feature of neurological disorders collectively termed "synucleinopathies," which includes Parkinson's disease (PD). Mutations and multiplications in the SNCA gene encoding αsyn cause familial forms of PD and a large body of evidence indicate a correlation between αsyn accumulation and disease. Decreasing αsyn expression is recognized as a valid target for PD therapeutics, with down-regulation of SNCA expression potentially attenuating downstream cascades of pathologic events. Here, we evaluated if Honokiol (HKL), a polyphenolic compound derived from magnolia tree bark with demonstrated neuroprotective properties, can modulate αsyn levels in multiple experimental models. Methods Human neuroglioma cells stably overexpressing αsyn, mouse primary neurons, and human iPSC-derived neurons were exposed to HKL and αsyn protein and SNCA messenger RNA levels were assessed. The effect of HKL on rotenone-induced overexpression of αsyn levels was further assessed and transcriptional profiling of mouse cortical neurons treated with HKL was performed to identify potential targets of HKL. Results We demonstrate that HKL can successfully reduce αsyn protein levels and SNCA expression in multiple in vitro models of PD with our data supporting a mechanism whereby HKL acts by post-transcriptional modulation of SNCA rather than modulating αsyn protein degradation. Transcriptional profiling of mouse cortical neurons treated with HKL identifies several differentially expressed genes (DEG) as potential targets to modulate SNCA expression. Conclusion This study supports a HKL-mediated downregulation of SNCA as a viable strategy to modify disease progression in PD and other synucleinopathies. HKL has potential as a powerful tool for investigating SNCA gene modulation and its downstream effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J. Fagen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jackson ville, FL, United States
| | - Jeremy D. Burgess
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jackson ville, FL, United States
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Melina J. Lim
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jackson ville, FL, United States
| | - Danilyn Amerna
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jackson ville, FL, United States
| | - Zeynep B. Kaya
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jackson ville, FL, United States
| | - Ayman H. Faroqi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jackson ville, FL, United States
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Priyanka Perisetla
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jackson ville, FL, United States
| | - Natasha N. DeMeo
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jackson ville, FL, United States
| | - Iva Stojkovska
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Drew J. Quiriconi
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joseph R. Mazzulli
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Marion Delenclos
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jackson ville, FL, United States
| | - Suelen L. Boschen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jackson ville, FL, United States
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Pamela J. McLean
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jackson ville, FL, United States
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
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