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Kalusche S, Vanshylla K, Kleipass F, Gruell H, Müller B, Zeng Z, Koch K, Stein S, Marcotte H, Klein F, Dietrich U. Lactobacilli Expressing Broadly Neutralizing Nanobodies against HIV-1 as Potential Vectors for HIV-1 Prophylaxis? Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E758. [PMID: 33322227 PMCID: PMC7768517 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the absence of an active prophylactic vaccine against HIV-1, passively administered, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) identified in some chronically infected persons were shown to prevent HIV-1 infection in animal models. However, passive administration of bnAbs may not be suited to prevent sexual HIV-1 transmission in high-risk cohorts, as a continuous high level of active bnAbs may be difficult to achieve at the primary site of sexual transmission, the human vagina with its acidic pH. Therefore, we used Lactobacillus, a natural commensal in the healthy vaginal microbiome, to express bn nanobodies (VHH) against HIV-1 that we reported previously. After demonstrating that recombinant VHHA6 expressed in E. coli was able to protect humanized mice from mucosal infection by HIV-1Bal, we expressed VHHA6 in a soluble or in a cell-wall-anchored form in Lactobacillus rhamnosus DSM14870. This strain is already clinically applied for treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Both forms of VHHA6 neutralized a set of primary epidemiologically relevant HIV-1 strains in vitro. Furthermore, VHHA6 was still active at an acidic pH. Thus, lactobacilli expressing bn VHH potentially represent an attractive vector for the passive immunization of women in cohorts at high risk of HIV-1 transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kalusche
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 42-44, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.K.); (K.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Kanika Vanshylla
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.V.); (F.K.); (H.G.)
| | - Franziska Kleipass
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.V.); (F.K.); (H.G.)
| | - Henning Gruell
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.V.); (F.K.); (H.G.)
| | - Barbara Müller
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology Centre for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Zhu Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Kathrin Koch
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 42-44, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.K.); (K.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefan Stein
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 42-44, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.K.); (K.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Harold Marcotte
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Florian Klein
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.V.); (F.K.); (H.G.)
| | - Ursula Dietrich
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 42-44, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.K.); (K.K.); (S.S.)
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Koch K, Kalusche S, Torres JL, Stanfield RL, Danquah W, Khazanehdari K, von Briesen H, Geertsma ER, Wilson IA, Wernery U, Koch-Nolte F, Ward AB, Dietrich U. Selection of nanobodies with broad neutralizing potential against primary HIV-1 strains using soluble subtype C gp140 envelope trimers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8390. [PMID: 28827559 PMCID: PMC5566552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08273-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against HIV-1 protect from infection and reduce viral load upon therapeutic applications. However no vaccine was able so far to induce bnAbs demanding their expensive biotechnological production. For clinical applications, nanobodies (VHH) derived from heavy chain only antibodies from Camelidae, may be better suited due to their small size, high solubility/stability and extensive homology to human VH3 genes. Here we selected broadly neutralizing nanobodies by phage display after immunization of dromedaries with different soluble trimeric envelope proteins derived from HIV-1 subtype C. We identified 25 distinct VHH families binding trimeric Env, of which 6 neutralized heterologous primary isolates of various HIV-1 subtypes in a standardized in vitro neutralization assay. The complementary neutralization pattern of two selected VHHs in combination covers 19 out of 21 HIV-1 strains from a standardized panel of epidemiologically relevant HIV-1 subtypes. The CD4 binding site was preferentially targeted by the broadly neutralizing VHHs as determined by competition ELISAs and 3D models of VHH-Env complexes derived from negative stain electron microscopy. The nanobodies identified here are excellent candidates for further preclinical/clinical development for prophylactic and therapeutic applications due to their potency and their complementary neutralization patterns covering the majority of epidemiologically relevant HIV-1 subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Koch
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Paul-Ehrlich-Str, 42-44, 60596, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sarah Kalusche
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Paul-Ehrlich-Str, 42-44, 60596, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jonathan L Torres
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
| | - Robyn L Stanfield
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
| | - Welbeck Danquah
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Hagen von Briesen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, 66280, Sulzbach, Germany
| | - Eric R Geertsma
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
| | - Ulrich Wernery
- Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Friedrich Koch-Nolte
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
| | - Ursula Dietrich
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Paul-Ehrlich-Str, 42-44, 60596, Frankfurt, Germany.
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