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Olsen L, Hassan H, Xia F, Keaton S, Rohner N. Cavefish mount a rapid and sustained regenerative response following skeletal muscle injury. Zool Res 2023; 44:776-778. [PMID: 37464934 PMCID: PMC10415767 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Olsen
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Huzaifa Hassan
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Fanning Xia
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Sarah Keaton
- Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
| | - Nicolas Rohner
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA. E-mail:
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Olsen L, Hassan H, Keaton S, Rohner N. The Mexican Cavefish Mount a Rapid and Sustained Regenerative Response Following Skeletal Muscle Injury. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.05.527207. [PMID: 36778484 PMCID: PMC9915744 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.05.527207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Physical injury and tissue damage is prevalent throughout the animal kingdom, with the ability to quickly and efficiently regenerate providing a selective advantage. The skeletal muscle possesses a uniquely large regenerative capacity within most vertebrates, and has thus become an important model for investigating cellular processes underpinning tissue regeneration. Following damage, the skeletal muscle mounts a complex regenerative cascade centered around dedicated muscle stem cells termed satellite cells. In non-injured muscle, satellite cells remain in a quiescent state, expressing the canonical marker Pax7 (Chen et al. 2020). However, following injury, satellite cells exit quiescence, enter the cell cycle to initiate proliferation, asymmetrically divide, and in many cases terminally differentiate into myoblasts, ultimately fusing with surrounding myoblasts and pre-existing muscle fibers to resolve the regenerative process (Chen et al. 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Olsen
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA,Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Huzaifa Hassan
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Sarah Keaton
- Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
| | - Nicolas Rohner
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA,Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA,Correspondence: Nicolas Rohner
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Sha Q, Madaj Z, Keaton S, Escobar Galvis ML, Smart L, Krzyzanowski S, Fazleabas AT, Leach R, Postolache TT, Achtyes ED, Brundin L. Cytokines and tryptophan metabolites can predict depressive symptoms in pregnancy. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:35. [PMID: 35078975 PMCID: PMC8789799 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01801-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression during and after pregnancy affects up to 20% of pregnant women, but the biological underpinnings remain incompletely understood. As pregnancy progresses, the immune system changes to facilitate fetal development, leading to distinct fluctuations in the production of pro-inflammatory factors and neuroactive tryptophan metabolites throughout the peripartum period. Therefore, it is possible that depression in pregnancy could constitute a specific type of inflammation-induced depression. Both inflammatory factors and kynurenine metabolites impact neuroinflammation and glutamatergic neurotransmission and can therefore affect mood and behavior. To determine whether cytokines and kynurenine metabolites can predict the development of depression in pregnancy, we analyzed blood samples and clinical symptoms in 114 women during each trimester and the postpartum. We analyzed plasma IL-1β, IL-2, -6, -8, -10, TNF, kynurenine, tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenic- quinolinic- and picolinic acids and used mixed-effects models to assess the association between biomarkers and depression severity. IL-1β and IL-6 levels associated positively with severity of depressive symptoms across pregnancy and the postpartum, and that the odds of experiencing significant depressive symptoms increased by >30% per median absolute deviation for both IL-1β and IL-6 (both P = 0.01). A combination of cytokines and kynurenine metabolites in the 2nd trimester had a >99% probability of accurately predicting 3rd trimester depression, with an ROC AUC > 0.8. Altogether, our work shows that cytokines and tryptophan metabolites can predict depression during pregnancy and could be useful as clinical markers of risk. Moreover, inflammation and kynurenine pathway enzymes should be considered possible therapeutic targets in peripartum depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Sha
- grid.251017.00000 0004 0406 2057Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - Zach Madaj
- grid.251017.00000 0004 0406 2057Bioinformatics & Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - Sarah Keaton
- grid.251017.00000 0004 0406 2057Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI USA ,grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Division of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - Martha L Escobar Galvis
- grid.251017.00000 0004 0406 2057Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - LeAnn Smart
- grid.415008.80000 0004 0429 718XPine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - Stanislaw Krzyzanowski
- grid.251017.00000 0004 0406 2057Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - Asgerally T. Fazleabas
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, MI USA
| | - Richard Leach
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, MI USA
| | - Teodor T. Postolache
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,Rocky Mountain MIRECC for Suicide Prevention, Aurora, CO USA ,Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education, Aurora, CO USA ,grid.484336.e0000 0004 0420 8773Capital MIRECC, VISN 5, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Eric D. Achtyes
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Division of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI USA ,grid.415008.80000 0004 0429 718XPine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - Lena Brundin
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA. .,Division of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
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Sha Q, Achtyes E, Nagalla M, Keaton S, Smart L, Leach R, Brundin L. Associations between estrogen and progesterone, the kynurenine pathway, and inflammation in the post-partum. J Affect Disord 2021; 281:9-12. [PMID: 33278766 PMCID: PMC7855258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression during and after pregnancy is common, affecting at least 15% of women. Features of depression in pregnancy range from mild symptoms of disrupted mood and interest to severe depression and suicidal behavior. Previous studies suggest hormone- and immune dysregulations might contribute to post-partum depression, but consistent evidence is lacking. METHODS A total of 163 women were included in the study in the post-partum. Peri-partum depression (PPD) was diagnosed using SCID interviews and depressive symptoms were quantified using the Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Rating Scale (EPDS), retrospectively long-term, as well as acutely. Plasma estrogen, progesterone, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and kynurenine metabolites were measured in the post-partum. RESULTS Higher estrogen and progesterone in the post-partum were linked to more severe depressive symptoms over pregnancy. In the post-partum, estrogen was positively correlated with the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and negatively correlated with kynurenine and picolinic acid. Conversely, progesterone was negatively correlated with IL-1β and several metabolites in the kynurenine pathway, including quinolinic acid. LIMITATIONS Associative study design, did not attempt to assess causality. Did not adjust hormone levels for medication effects. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that higher sex hormones in the post-partum are linked to depression severity over pregnancy. Estrogen was coupled with a pro-inflammatory profile and neurotoxic kynurenine metabolites, whereas progesterone was linked to an anti-inflammatory profile in the post-partum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Sha
- Center of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
| | - Eric Achtyes
- Pine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Grand Rapids, MI, USA,Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Madhavi Nagalla
- Pine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Grand Rapids, MI, USA,Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Sarah Keaton
- Center of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - LeAnn Smart
- Pine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Richard Leach
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, MI, USA
| | - Lena Brundin
- Center of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA,Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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Abstract
Project Solo, a grassroots organization of independent physicians, has developed a unique method of confidential self-assessment of quality. Participating physicians can use the data to improve their own practices and to have a strong, credible voice for retaining and promoting the strengths of independent practices in providing medical care. In a pilot project, 56 independent physicians in Project Solo were given bar-coded, postage-paid survey forms of patient satisfaction to distribute to 100 patients. The population for this pilot study was the 35 physicians with patients returning at least one survey. A total of 1858 surveys (53% of surveys given to physicians) were returned, representing a variety of rural and urban practices in 19 states. The mean percentage of responses rated "excellent" to survey items from Project Solo physicians is similar to the percentages reported for this survey in other studies. We conclude that Project Solo serves as an effective and efficient model for gathering patient satisfaction data and can be further developed as a tool for gathering clinical outcome and other quality measurement data in the solo and small group practice setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Isenberg
- Community/St. Vincent Hospitals, Indianapolis, IN 46219, USA
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