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Abid F, Saleem M, Leghari T, Rafi I, Maqbool T, Fatima F, Arshad AM, Khurshid S, Naz S, Hadi F, Tahir M, Akhtar S, Yasir S, Mobashar A, Ashraf M. Evaluation of in vitro anticancer potential of pharmacological ethanolic plant extracts Acacia modesta and Opuntia monocantha against liver cancer cells. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e252526. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.252526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Acacia modesta (AM) and Opuntia monocantha (OM) are distributed in Pakistan, Afghanistan and India. Both of these plants have different pharmacological properties. This study was designed to evaluate anticancer potential of Acacia modesta (AM) and Opuntia monocantha (OM). Liver cancer cell line HepG2 was used for assessment of anticancer activity. For the evaluation of anti-proliferative effects, cell viability and cell death in all groups of cells were evaluated via MTT, crystal violet and trypan blue assays. For the evaluation of apoptosis ELISA of p53 performed. Furthermore, LDH assay to find out the ability of malignant cells to metabolize pyruvate to lactate and antioxidant enzymes activity (GSH, CAT and SOD) at the end HPLC was performed to find active compound of AM and OM. Cytotoxicity (MTT), Viability assays (trypan blue, crystal viability, MUSE analysis) showed more dead, less live cells in plant treated groups with increase of concentration. Scratch assay for the anti-migratory effect of these plants showed treated groups have not ability to heal scratch/wound. ELISA of p53 for cellular apoptosis showed more release of p53 in treated groups. Antioxidant assay via glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) showed less anti-oxidative potential in treated cancer groups. LDH assay showed more lactate dehydrogenase release in treated groups compared with untreated. HPLC analysis showed the presence of phytochemicals such as steroids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinone and amino acids in AM and OM plant extracts. Based on all these findings, it can be concluded that ethanolic extracts of Acacia modesta and Opuntia monocantha have promising anti-cancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Abid
- Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan; The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M. Saleem
- Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan; University of the Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - I. Rafi
- University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | - S. Naz
- University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F. Hadi
- University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - S. Akhtar
- University of Lahore, Pakistan; University of Bradford, United Kingdom
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Jahan I, Ahmed R, Ahmed J, Khurshid S, Biswas PP, Upama IJ, Hamid Y, Papri N, Islam Z. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in Guillain-Barré syndrome: A prognostic biomarker of severe disease and mechanical ventilation in Bangladesh. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2023; 28:47-57. [PMID: 36700342 PMCID: PMC10155239 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In addition to cellular and humoral immunity, inflammatory markers play an important role in the pathogenesis of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and are used to predict prognosis in many autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to identify whether the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio in the early stages of GBS have prognostic value for severe disease, mechanical ventilation (MV) and poor long-term outcome. A prospective cohort study of 140 adult patients with GBS and 140 healthy controls (HC) was performed in Bangladesh during 2019-2022. Clinicodemographic characteristics of the patients were recorded, and hematological parameters were measured using an automated hematology analyzer. Median patient age was 35 (44-23) years; 71% were male; 88% were severely affected (GBS Disability Score> 3); 32% required MV. Patients had higher NLR than HC (P< .0001). Among patients, elevated NLR was associated with severe GBS and MV (P= .001 and <.0001, respectively) and moderately positively correlated with poor outcomes at 4 weeks (r = 0.423). Multiple logistic regression revealed NLR was an independent risk factor for severe GBS (OR = 5.2, 95% CI = 1.6-17.4) and MV (OR = 1.5 1.1-2.1). No significant association was observed between elevated NLR and the long-term outcome of GBS. Receiver operating characteristic curves revealed NLR cut-off values of ≥ 2.432 and ≥ 4.4423 predicted severe disease (sensitivity = 71%, specificity = 75%, AUC = 0.750, 95% CI = 0.651-0.849, P = .001) and MV (sensitivity = 65.9%, specificity = 81.7%, AUC = 0.804, 95% CI=0.724-0.884; P< .001). The NLR in the early stage of GBS may represent an independent prognostic factor of severe GBS and the requirement for MV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israt Jahan
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rasel Ahmed
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Jigishu Ahmed
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Sarah Khurshid
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Pritha Promita Biswas
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Ismat Jahan Upama
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Yameen Hamid
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Nowshin Papri
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zhahirul Islam
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
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Das A, Khurshid S, Ferdausi A, Nipu ES, Das A, Ahmed FF. Molecular insight into the genomic variation of SARS-CoV-2 strains from current outbreak. Comput Biol Chem 2021; 93:107533. [PMID: 34166886 PMCID: PMC8216673 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2021.107533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the newly emerging viral disease, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The epidemic sparked in December 2019 at Wuhan city, China that causes a large global outbreak and a major public health catastrophe. Till now, more than 129 million positive cases have been reported in which more than 2.81 million were dead, surveyed by Johns Hopkins University, USA. The diverse symptoms of COVID-19 and an increased number of positive cases throughout the world hypothesize that this virus assembles more variants that are preventing the pursuit of its adequate treatment as well as the development of the vaccine. In this study, 715 SARS-CoV-2 genomes were retrieved from the gisaid and NCBI viral resources involving 39 countries and 164 different types of variants were identified based on 108 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in which the ancestral type of SARS-CoV-2 was found as the most frequent and the most prevalent in China. Moreover, variant type A104 was identified as the most frequent in the USA and A52 in Japan. The study also recognized the most common SNPs such as 241, 3037, 8782, 11083, 14408, 23403, and 28144 as well as variants regarding base-pair, C > T. A total of 65 non-synonymous SNPs were recognized which were mostly located in nucleocapsid phosphoprotein, Non-structural protein 3(Nsp3), and spike glycoprotein encoding gene. Molecular divergence analysis revealed that this virus was phylogenetically related to Yunnan 2013 bat strain. This study indicates SARS-CoV-2 frequently alters their genetic material, which mostly affects the nucleocapsid phosphoprotein, and spike glycoprotein-encoding gene and makes it very challenging to develop SARS-Cov-2 vaccine and antibody-mediated rapid diagnostic kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avizit Das
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Khulna, Bangladesh.
| | - Sarah Khurshid
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD), icddr,b, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
| | - Aleya Ferdausi
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
| | - Eshita Sadhak Nipu
- Upazilla Health Complex, Nazirpur, Pirojpur, Barishal, 8540, Barishal, Bangladesh.
| | - Amit Das
- Gafargaon Islamia Govt. High School, Gafargaon, Mymensingh, Dhaka, 2230, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Fee Faysal Ahmed
- Department of Mathematics, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
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Trikha P, Sharma N, Pena C, Reyes A, Pécot T, Khurshid S, Rawahneh M, Moffitt J, Stephens JA, Fernandez SA, Ostrowski MC, Leone G. E2f3 in tumor macrophages promotes lung metastasis. Oncogene 2015; 35:3636-46. [PMID: 26549026 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Rb-E2F axis is an important pathway involved in cell-cycle control that is deregulated in a number of cancers. E2f transcription factors have distinct roles in the control of cell proliferation, cell survival and differentiation in a variety of tissues. We have previously shown that E2fs are important downstream targets of a CSF-1 signaling cascade involved in myeloid development. In cancer, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are recruited to the tumor stroma in response to cytokines secreted by tumor cells, and are believed to facilitate tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Using the MMTV-Polyoma Middle T antigen (PyMT) mouse model of human ductal carcinoma, we show that the specific ablation of E2f3 in TAMs, but not in tumor epithelial cells, attenuates lung metastasis without affecting primary tumor growth. Histological analysis and gene expression profiling suggest that E2f3 does not impact the proliferation or survival of TAMs, but rather controls a novel gene expression signature associated with cytoskeleton rearrangements, cell migration and adhesion. This E2f3 TAM gene expression signature was sufficient to predict cancer recurrence and overall survival of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer patients. Interestingly, we find that E2f3b but not E2f3a levels are elevated in TAMs from PyMT mammary glands relative to controls, suggesting a differential role for these isoforms in metastasis. In summary, these findings identify E2f3 as a key transcription factor in TAMs, which influences the tumor microenvironment and tumor cell metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Trikha
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - N Sharma
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C Pena
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - A Reyes
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - T Pécot
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - S Khurshid
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M Rawahneh
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J Moffitt
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J A Stephens
- Center for Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - S A Fernandez
- Center for Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M C Ostrowski
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - G Leone
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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