1
|
Takezawa S, Maezawa M, Tsuzuku S, Kawakami J, Oouci Y, Inokuma H. Abnormal clonalities of B-lymphocytes in bovine leukemia virus-infected cattle with persistent lymphocytosis. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:1928-1932. [PMID: 34719608 PMCID: PMC8762424 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral B-lymphocyte clonality of 274 bovine leukemia virus-infected cattle with
lymphocytosis was analyzed using clonality PCR based on sequences of the variable region
of the bovine immunoglobulin H chain. None of the cattle showed monoclonal proliferation,
while 10, 31, and 233 showed minor-clonal, oligoclonal, and polyclonal proliferation,
respectively. A total of 163 cattle were analyzable the following year, and lymphocytosis
was maintained in 157, indicating persistent lymphocytosis (PL). B-lymphocyte clonality of
the 157 PL cattle was minor-clonal in 6 (3.8%), oligoclonal in 8 (5.1%), and polyclonal in
143 (91.1%). A higher rate of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) onset within a year was
observed in PL cattle with minor-clonal (50.0% (3/6)) and oligoclonal (25.0% (2/8))
proliferation compared to those with polyclonal (5.6% (8/143)) proliferation. Minor-clonal
and oligoclonal proliferation in PL cattle may be a prognosis factor for developing
EBL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Takezawa
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Masaki Maezawa
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Satoko Tsuzuku
- Ibaraki Prefectural Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center
| | - Junko Kawakami
- Ibaraki Prefectural Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center
| | - Yoshinao Oouci
- Ibaraki Prefectural Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center
| | - Hisashi Inokuma
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Akagami M, Takayasu M, Ooya S, Kashima Y, Tsuzuku S, Ootani Y, Ouchi Y, Hayama Y. Screening of persistently infected cattle with bovine viral diarrhea virus on dairy farms by using milk tanker and bulk tank milk samples for viral RNA and viral-specific antibody detection. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:607-614. [PMID: 32173670 PMCID: PMC7273604 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to provide a screening scheme of persistently infected (PI) cattle on dairy herds by combining reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to
detect bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in milk tanker samples and commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect BVDV antibodies in bulk tank milk. We conducted a pilot survey and
regional survey targeting all dairy farms in Ibaraki Prefecture by using milk tanker and bulk tank milk samples to screen PI cattle. Farms with positive samples underwent a follow-up test to
identify PI cattle. In the pilot study, all virus-positive samples in bulk tank milk were included in the positive milk tanker samples. The RT-PCR assay successfully detected BVDV at
dilutions of 1:1,600 by using two PI cows’ milk. In the regional survey, 5 of 79 milk tanker samples were virus-positive. The virus was detected in three PI lactating cows and one PI calf on
three farms. Antibody screening using bulk tank milk samples revealed 15 of 363 samples were positive, and 12 of 348 farms were BVDV antibody-positive. Follow-up tests on one farm identified
three PI calves. Thus, eight PI cattle on five farms were identified in this study. In conclusion, combining BVDV detection using milk tanker samples and antibody detection using bulk tank
milk is a feasible and economical method to efficiently screen PI cattle and confirm the PI-free status among dairy herds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Akagami
- Kenhoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Ibaraki Prefecture, 966-1 Nakagachi, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0002, Japan
| | - Mariko Takayasu
- Kenhoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Ibaraki Prefecture, 966-1 Nakagachi, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0002, Japan
| | - Shoko Ooya
- Kenhoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Ibaraki Prefecture, 966-1 Nakagachi, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0002, Japan
| | - Yuki Kashima
- Kenhoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Ibaraki Prefecture, 966-1 Nakagachi, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0002, Japan
| | - Satoko Tsuzuku
- Kenhoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Ibaraki Prefecture, 966-1 Nakagachi, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0002, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Ootani
- Kenhoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Ibaraki Prefecture, 966-1 Nakagachi, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0002, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Ouchi
- Kenhoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Ibaraki Prefecture, 966-1 Nakagachi, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0002, Japan
| | - Yoko Hayama
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fujii Y, Kashima Y, Sunaga F, Aoki H, Imai R, Sano K, Katayama Y, Omatsu T, Oba M, Furuya T, Tsuzuku S, Ouchi Y, Shirai J, Mizutani T, Oka T, Nagai M. Complete genome sequencing and genetic analysis of a Japanese porcine torovirus strain detected in swine feces. Arch Virol 2019; 165:471-477. [PMID: 31863265 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04514-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We sequenced the complete genome of a porcine torovirus (PToV) strain from Japan for the first time. Whole-genome analysis revealed that this strain (Iba/2018) has a mosaic sequence composed of at least three genome backgrounds, related to US, Chinese and German PToV strains. Clear recombination breakpoints were detected in the M and HE coding regions. A similarity plot and structural analysis demonstrated that the HE coding region exhibits the highest diversity, and the most sequence variation was found in the lectin domain. PToVs were divided into two lineages in the HE region, whereas clear lineages were not found in other regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fujii
- Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-0002, Japan
| | - Yuki Kashima
- Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-0002, Japan
| | - Fujiko Sunaga
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aoki
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, 180-8602, Japan
| | - Ryo Imai
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kaori Sano
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-0052, Japan
| | - Yukie Katayama
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Omatsu
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mami Oba
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Furuya
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Satoko Tsuzuku
- Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-0002, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Ouchi
- Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-0002, Japan
| | - Junsuke Shirai
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tomoichiro Oka
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Makoto Nagai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan.
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Katsuta R, Sunaga F, Oi T, Doan YH, Tsuzuku S, Suzuki Y, Sano K, Katayama Y, Omatsu T, Oba M, Furuya T, Ouchi Y, Shirai J, Mizutani T, Oka T, Nagai M. First identification of Sapoviruses in wild boar. Virus Res 2019; 271:197680. [PMID: 31398366 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Sapoviruses (SaVs) are enteric viruses that have been detected in human and animals previously; however, SaVs have not been identified in wild boar yet. Using a metagenomics approach, we identified SaVs in fecal samples of free-living wild boars in Japan for the first time. Six of the 48 specimens identified belonged to one genogroup (G)III, one GV and four GVI SaV sequence reads. We successfully determined complete genome of GV and GVI SaV strains using the long reverse transcription PCR strategy and the 5' rapid amplification of cDNA end method. Phylogenetic tree analysis and pairwise distance calculation revealed that GV SaV detected from wild boar was related to recently assigned GV.5 strains from pig, while GVI SaV was assigned to a new genotype within GVI. Moreover, wild boar may act as a reservoir for transmission of SaVs to the pig population (and vice versa) because GIII, GV, and GVI SaVs were all detected in pigs previously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Risako Katsuta
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Fujiko Sunaga
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Toru Oi
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
| | - Yen Hai Doan
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Satoko Tsuzuku
- Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0002, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Suzuki
- Mie Chuo Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Tsu, Mie 514-0061, Japan
| | - Kaori Sano
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0052, Japan
| | - Yukie Katayama
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Omatsu
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mami Oba
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Furuya
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Ouchi
- Kenpoku Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0002, Japan
| | - Junsuke Shirai
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tomoichiro Oka
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
| | - Makoto Nagai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan; Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tsuzuku S, Kajioka T, Sakakibara H, Shimaoka K. Slow movement resistance training using body weight improves muscle mass in the elderly: A randomized controlled trial. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:1339-1344. [PMID: 29247985 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
To examine the effect of a 12-week slow movement resistance training using body weight as a load (SRT-BW) on muscle mass, strength, and fat distribution in healthy elderly people. Fifty-three men and 35 women aged 70 years old or older without experience in resistance training participated, and they were randomly assigned to a SRT-BW group or control group. The control group did not receive any intervention, but participants in this group underwent a repeat measurement 12 weeks later. The SRT-BW program consisted of 3 different exercises (squat, tabletop push-up, and sit-up), which were designed to stimulate anterior major muscles. Initially, these exercises were performed by 2 sets of 10 repetitions, and subsequently, the number of repetitions was increased progressively by 2 repetitions every 4 weeks. Participants were instructed to perform each eccentric and concentric phase of movement slowly (spending 4 seconds on each movement), covering the full range of motion. We evaluated muscle mass, strength, and fat distribution at baseline and after 12 weeks of training. Changes over 12 weeks were significantly greater in the SRT-BW group than in the control group, with a decrease in waist circumference, hip circumference, and abdominal preperitoneal and subcutaneous fat thickness, and an increase in thigh muscle thickness, knee extension strength, and hip flexion strength. In conclusion, relatively short-term SRT-BW was effective in improving muscle mass, strength, and fat distribution in healthy elderly people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Tsuzuku
- Research Center for Instructional Systems, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - T Kajioka
- Department of Education, Tokai Gakuen University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Sakakibara
- Department of Nursing, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Shimaoka
- Department of Sport and Health Science, Tokai Gakuen University, Miyoshi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tsuzuku S, Shimokata H, Ikegami Y, Yabe K, Wasnich RD. Effects of high versus low-intensity resistance training on bone mineral density in young males. Calcif Tissue Int 2001; 68:342-7. [PMID: 11685421 DOI: 10.1007/s002230010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2001] [Accepted: 12/04/2001] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity and low-intensity resistance training upon bone mineral density (BMD) by comparing the BMD of young male powerlifters (n = 5), recreational trainees (n = 5), and controls (n = 5). Lumbar spine (L2-L4), proximal femur, and whole body BMDs were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The high-intensity group showed a significantly greater BMD when the whole body and trochanter regions were measured than the low-intensity and control group. The BMD of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and Ward's triangle was greater in the high-intensity group compared with the control group. There was no significant BMD difference between the low-intensity and control group except at the trochanter region. These results suggest that high-intensity resistance training is effective for increasing BMD, but low-intensity resistance training is not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Tsuzuku
- Body Design Medical Institute, Ikuno, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Koda M, Tsuzuku S, Ando F, Niino N, Shimokata H. Body composition by air displacement plethysmography in middle-aged and elderly Japanese. Comparison with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 904:484-8. [PMID: 10865792 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06503.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Koda
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Aichi, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koda M, Ando F, Niino N, Tsuzuku S, Shimokata H. Comparison between the air displacement method and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry for estimation of body fat. J Epidemiol 2000; 10:S82-9. [PMID: 10835833 DOI: 10.2188/jea.10.1sup_82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Air displacement plethysmography (ADP) is a method for the determining percent body fat (%BF) using the two-compartment model, in which the body is partitioned into body-fat mass and fat-free mass (FFM). Although this model assumes a constant density of FFM as 1.10 g/ml, its density may depend upon the bone mineral content (BMC) and total body water (TBW) which vary with age, gender, and race/ethnicity. This study compared %BF determined from ADP (ADP%BF) with %BF obtained by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA%BF), and also investigated the effects of BMC, TBW, and other factors on its value. The subjects were 721 female and male Japanese aged 40 to 79 years. Body density was measured by ADP and %BF was calculated using Brozek et al's equation. BMC and body-fat volume were measured using DXA, and TBW was measured by multifrequency bioelectrical impedance. A series of anthropometric measurements was taken. Although ADP%BF was highly correlated with DXA%BF (female: r = 0.89, male: r = 0.90) (p < 0.001), ADP%BF differed significantly from DXA%BF (female: -1.30 +/- 0.14% (mean +/- s.e.m.), male: 1.22 +/- 0.13%) (p < 0.001). The difference in %BF (ADP%BF-DXA%BF) was negatively associated with BMC/FFM but not with TBW/FFM in both genders. The difference in %BF was also positively correlated with waist circumference. Considering previous studies, this result may be explained by the underestimation of DXA%BF, rather than by the overestimation of ADP%BF. In conclusion, ADP may be a useful method to measure %BF. However, BMC should be taken into consideration. Furthermore, DXA%BF may be underestimated in people with large waists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Koda
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Niino N, Tsuzuku S, Ando F, Shimokata H. Frequencies and circumstances of falls in the National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA). J Epidemiol 2000; 10:S90-4. [PMID: 10835834 DOI: 10.2188/jea.10.1sup_90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequencies and circumstances of falls were assessed among 1030 middle-aged and elderly people who participated in the NILS-LSA (National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Longitudinal Study of Aging) from November, 1997 to March, 1999 and responded to the questionnaires. The variables analyzed in the present study were demography and history of falls in the past one year. Circumstances of falls, e.g. time, location, activities associated with falls, cause of falls and degree of injury due to falls were asked when the subjects experienced a fall. Fear of falling was also investigated in all subjects. The prevalence of falls was 12.9% in the middle-aged group (40-59 yr.) and 16.5% in the elderly group (60-79 yr.). The distribution of time, location, activity associated with falls, cause and injury due to falls corresponded with previous fall studies among community-dwelling elderly people. The incidence of falls was extremely high during the daytime and outdoors. Falls occurred most frequently while walking. The majority of falls were due to extrinsic factors. About 40% of all falls caused no injury. As to the fear of falling, about 30% of the middle-aged subjects and about 60% of the elderly subjects reported that they were fearful. Our results suggested that fall accidents are not rare, even in middle-aged people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Niino
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Longevity Sciencies, Aichi, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tsuzuku S, Niino N, Ando F, Shimokata H. Bone mineral density obtained by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) in middle-aged and elderly Japanese. J Epidemiol 2000; 10:S39-45. [PMID: 10835827 DOI: 10.2188/jea.10.1sup_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify age-related changes in bone mineral density (BMD) by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), 1,124 Japanese middle-aged and elderly community-dwelling people were examined. The BMD of the trabecular bone was assessed at the distal part of the radius (D50), and the BMD of the cortical bone was assessed at the diaphysis of the radius (P100). P100 during age 40 to 49 was significantly higher in females (1359.6 +/- 10.7 mg/cm3, mean +/- SE) than in males (1253.5 +/- 9.5 mg/cm3), while there was no difference in D50, 245.3 +/- 5.1 mg/cm3 in females and 293.0 +/- 5.5 mg/cm3 in males. Females and males aged 50 to 59 lost 8.09 +/- 2.08 (mean +/- SE) mg/cm3 and 3.80 +/- 1.77 mg/cm3 of D50 every year, respectively. As for P100, females lost 25.1 +/- 4.48 mg/cm3, and males lost 6.37 +/- 3.89 mg/cm3 every year. Because of these gender differences, both D50 and P100 were significantly higher in males than in females aged 50 and over. Assuming that the average BMD between ages 40 and 44 was the maximum bone mineral density (BMD max), the percentage change from the BMD max with age was examined. Females aged 60 to 69 whose BMD were under 70% of the BMD max made up 73.9% in D50 and 23.2% in P100. Only 21.1% of males aged 60 to 69 showed less than 70% of the BMD max in D50 and only 3.8% in P100. The percentage decrease in BMD by age was larger in D50 than in P100 in both males and females. The individual difference in BMD was larger in D50 than in P100. These results suggest that pQCT may be useful to independently assess aging effects on cortical and trabecular bone density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Tsuzuku
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Longevity Science, Aichi, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kozakai R, Tsuzuku S, Yabe K, Ando F, Niino N, Shimokata H. Age-related changes in gait velocity and leg extension power in middle-aged and elderly people. J Epidemiol 2000; 10:S77-81. [PMID: 10835832 DOI: 10.2188/jea.10.1sup_77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To prevent a decline in gait with age, it is necessary to investigate age-related changes in gait performance and detect related factors. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between gait ability and leg extension power among middle-aged and elderly people. Height, weight, maximum gait velocity (MGV) and leg extension power (LEP) were measured in 752 males and females who participated in the National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA). Age-related changes in MGV and LEP and the association between MGV and LEP were assessed. There were significant decline trends in height, weight, MGV and LEP with advancing age (p < 0.001). MGV showed a significantly positive correlation with LEP (in males: r = 0.48 p < 0.001, in females: r = 0.47; p < 0.001). Subjects aged 60 yrs and over showed a significantly higher correlation than those under 60 yrs in males, but not in females, after adjustment for height and weight. Although the relationships between MGV and LEP were different by age and gender, LEP may be one of the important factors in maintaining gait ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Kozakai
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This cross-sectional study was conducted by comparing bone mineral density (BMD) of paraplegic and quadriplegic patients. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the bone mineral loss and injury level in spinal cord injury patients. SETTINGS Experiments were conducted at Yoneda Hospital and Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan. METHODS Lumbar spine (L2-4), proximal femur (femoral neck, trochanter region and Ward's triangle) and whole body BMD were measured in ten paraplegic and ten quadriplegic patients using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, HITACHI BMD-IX). RESULTS Significant differences were observed in the lumbar spine, trochanter region and upper extremities BMD between paraplegic and quadriplegic patients (P<0.05, P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively), but not in the femoral neck, Ward's triangle, head, pelvis, lower extremities or whole body BMD. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the injury level influences on the lumbar spine, upper extremities and trochanter region BMD. From a biomechanical standpoint, it is possible to explain that the differences in mechanical loading exerted on bones also affected the difference of lumbar spine BMD in the two groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Tsuzuku
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
The effects of high-intensity resistance training on bone mineral density (BMD) and its relationship to strength were investigated. Lumbar spine (L2-L4), proximal femur, and whole body BMD were measured in 10 male powerlifters and 11 controls using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). There were significant differences in lumbar spine and whole body BMD between powerlifters and controls, but not in proximal femur BMD. A significant correlation was found between lumbar spine BMD and powerlifting performance. These results suggest that high-intensity resistance training is effective in increasing the lumbar spine and whole body BMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Tsuzuku
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, 36-3 Gengo, Morioka-cho, Obu-city, Aichi pref, 474-8522 Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|