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Abdo SM, Youssef M, El Nagar I, Mohamed HE, El-Kholy SA, Youssef AM. Processing and characterization of antimicrobial bioplastic films based on green microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus extract-loaded polyurethane. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128711. [PMID: 38096929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The green microalga Scenedesmus obliquus, isolated from the Egyptian environment, was used for the synthesis of bio-based plastic materials. Polyurethane (PU) was blended with different proportions (0%, 10%, 20%, and 40%) of chloroform extract to form bioplastic films. The bioplastic films were characterized using water vapor transmission rate measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The WVTR of pure PU was 193.37 g/m2. day, while the values of algae/PU films were 129.74, 122.56, and 99.75 g/m2.day. S. obliquus reported having Palmitic, which possesses antimicrobial activity and acts as an effective antimicrobial agent in the synthesized bioplastic films. Antimicrobial activity of the algal extract and the synthesized bioplastic films were tested against two Gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, two Gram-negative bacteria; Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans as a model for fungi. The results indicated that S. obliquus extract exhibited a clear antimicrobial activity against all tested microbes. The antimicrobial rate of bioplastic films containing 40% of the extract reached 100% after 2 h of contact with E. coli and E. faecalis. In conclusion, this study offers a promising future for the use of biodegradable antimicrobial bioplastic films as an affordable and environmentally friendly alternative to plastics in many applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeda M Abdo
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Youssef
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Islam El Nagar
- Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hager E Mohamed
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samar A El-Kholy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El Koom 32511, Egypt
| | - A M Youssef
- Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Gad M, Fawzy ME, Al-Herrawy AZ, Abdo SM, Nabet N, Hu A. PacBio next-generation sequencing uncovers Apicomplexa diversity in different habitats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15063. [PMID: 37699953 PMCID: PMC10497610 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40895-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The phylum Apicomplexa comprises a large group of intracellular protozoan parasites. These microorganisms are known to infect a variety of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, leading to significant medical and veterinary conditions such as toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, theileriosis, and eimeriosis. Despite their importance, comprehensive data on their diversity and distribution, especially in riverine environments, remain scant. To bridge this knowledge gap, we utilized next-generation high-throughput 18S rRNA amplicon sequencing powered by PacBio technology to explore the diversity and composition of the Apicomplexa taxa. Principal component analysis (PCA) and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) indicated the habitat heterogeneity for the physicochemical parameters and the Apicomplexa community. These results were supported by PERMANOVA (P < 0.001), ANOSIM (P < 0.001), Cluster analysis, and Venn diagram. Dominant genera of Apicomplexa in inlet samples included Gregarina (38.54%), Cryptosporidium (32.29%), and Leidyana (11.90%). In contrast, outlet samples were dominated by Babesia, Cryptosporidium, and Theileria. While surface water samples revealed 16% and 8.33% relative abundance of Toxoplasma and Cryptosporidium, respectively. To our knowledge, the next-generation high throughput sequencing covered a wide range of parasites in Egypt for the first time, which could be useful for legislation of the standards for drinking water and wastewater reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Gad
- Environmental Parasitology Laboratory, Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Mariam E Fawzy
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Z Al-Herrawy
- Environmental Parasitology Laboratory, Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Sayeda M Abdo
- Hydrobiology Laboratory, Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Noura Nabet
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menofia, Egypt
| | - Anyi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
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Darwesh OM, Mahmoud RH, Abdo SM, Marrez DA. Isolation of Haematococcus lacustris as source of novel anti-multi-antibiotic resistant microbes agents; fractionation and identification of bioactive compounds. Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 2022; 35:e00753. [PMID: 35864885 PMCID: PMC9294494 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, freshwater microalga, Haematococcus lacustris was isolated from the River Nile, identified and deposited in genebank under name of H. lacustris isolate REH10 with accession number OK336515. N-hexane extract was produced high inhibition effects against multi-antibiotic resistant pathogens. The n-Hexane extract was fractionated and 2 fractions (F3 & F4) exhibited high antibacterial activity (15 - 20 mm) compared with other fractions. Thus, they sub-fractionated and 2 sub-fractions produced from the F3 had high inhibition activity against all tested pathogens (18-20 mm). To identify the main compounds responsible for inhibition growth of multi-drug resistance bacteria, GC-MS chromatogram analyses was applied on the F3 and its sub-fractions 2 and 3. Five compounds detected in the 2 sub-fractions. Palmitic acid was identified as the first report antibacterial agent. The antioxidant activity of SF3-3 was reached to 86 and 80.5% for DPPH and ABTS.+ tests, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M. Darwesh
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Rehab H. Mahmoud
- Water Pollution Research department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Sayeda M. Abdo
- Water Pollution Research department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Diaa A. Marrez
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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El-Baz FK, Abdo SM, El-Sayed DAA, Mostafa MA, Elsherif HMR, Safaa HM, Abdon AS. Application of Defatted Scenedesmus Obliquus Biomass for Broilers’ Nutrition. Braz J Poult Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2020-1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - SM Abdo
- National Research Centre, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - HM Safaa
- Cairo University, Egypt; University of Bisha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Mohamed AA, Omran D, El-Feky S, Darwish H, Kassas A, Farouk A, Ezzat O, Abdo SM, Zahran FE, El-Demery A, Omran MM. Toll-like receptor 7 mRNA is reduced in hepatitis C-based liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, out-performs alpha-fetoprotein levels, and with age and serum aspartate aminotransferase is a new diagnostic index. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 78:18-22. [PMID: 32573389 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1778842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B and C viruses are leading causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR-7) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of HCC linked to hepatitis B. We hypothesised a role of leukocyte TLR-7 mRNA in hepatitis C related liver cirrhosis and HCC, using alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and liver function tests as comparators. METHODS We recruited 102 patients with HCV-related HCC, 97 with HCV-related liver cirrhosis and 60 healthy controls. Quantification of TLR-7 mRNA was performed using real-time PCR, AFP and routine LFTs by standard techniques. RESULTS TLR-7 mRNA levels were significantly lower in HCC patients compared to cirrhotic patients and lower again in healthy controls (p < 0.001 for trend). In multivariate analysis, age, aspartate transaminase (AST), AFP, and TLR-7 mRNA were significant predictors of HCC. The ROCC/AUC for age, AST and TLR-7 mRNA were all between 0.64 and 0.78 (all P < 0.01), but for AFP was 0.57 (95% CI 0.48-0.65, P = 0.09). We derived an index score using age, AST and TLR-7 mRNA for the diagnosis of HCC. The ROCC/AUC for the index was superior to all three root indices in the prediction of HCC. The index linked significantly with the Tokyo and Vienna liver cancer staging systems, but not with those of the CLIP and Okuda systems, in distinguishing HCC from liver cirrhosis. CONCLUSION The combination of TLR-7 mRNA levels with age and AST improves the performance of TLR-7 in HCC diagnosis, out-performs alpha-fetoprotein and predicts early HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Mohamed
- Biochemistry Department, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo University , Giza, Egypt
| | - D Omran
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Giza, Egypt
| | - S El-Feky
- Biochemistry Department, Damanhur Medical National Institute , Egypt
| | - H Darwish
- Oncology Department, Ismailia Teaching Oncology Hospital , Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ael Kassas
- Radiology Department, El Sahel Teaching Hospital , Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Farouk
- Radiology Department, National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology , Giza, Egypt
| | - O Ezzat
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - S M Abdo
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - F E Zahran
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-azhar University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - A El-Demery
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University , 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - M M Omran
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University , Cairo, Egypt
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El-Baz FK, Hussein RA, Mahmoud K, Abdo SM. Cytotoxic activity of carotenoid rich fractions from Haematococcus pluvialis and Dunaliella salina microalgae and the identification of the phytoconstituents using LC-DAD/ESI-MS. Phytother Res 2017; 32:298-304. [PMID: 29193367 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae represent a rich source that satisfies the growing need for novel ingredients of nutriceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and food supplements. Haematococcus pluvialis and Dunaliella salina microalgae are isolated from the Egyptian hydro-flora and are reported for their potent antioxidant activities. The cytotoxic activity of different fractions of both microalgae was investigated on 4 cell lines HePG2, MCF7, HCT116, and A549. The carotenoid rich fraction of H. pluvialis showed potent cytotoxic activity against colon cancer cell line and moderate activity against both liver and breast cancer cell lines. On the other hand, the carotenoid rich fraction of D. salina showed mild cytotoxic activity on breast and liver cancer cell lines. The carotenoid rich fraction of H. pluvialis was analysed using LC-DAD/ESI-MS and the major carotenoids were identified either free as well as bounded to fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk K El-Baz
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rehab A Hussein
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khaled Mahmoud
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sayeda M Abdo
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Doma HS, El-Liethy MA, Abdo SM, Ali GH. Potential of Using High Rate Algal Pond for Algal Biofuel Production and Wastewater Treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2016.19378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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