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Thompson KA, Mathias R, Kim D, Kim J, Rangnekar N, Johnson JR, Hoy SJ, Bechis I, Tarzia A, Jelfs KE, McCool BA, Livingston AG, Lively RP, Finn MG. N-Aryl-linked spirocyclic polymers for membrane separations of complex hydrocarbon mixtures. Science 2020; 369:310-315. [PMID: 32675373 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba9806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The fractionation of crude-oil mixtures through distillation is a large-scale, energy-intensive process. Membrane materials can avoid phase changes in such mixtures and thereby reduce the energy intensity of these thermal separations. With this application in mind, we created spirocyclic polymers with N-aryl bonds that demonstrated noninterconnected microporosity in the absence of ladder linkages. The resulting glassy polymer membranes demonstrated nonthermal membrane fractionation of light crude oil through a combination of class- and size-based "sorting" of molecules. We observed an enrichment of molecules lighter than 170 daltons corresponding to a carbon number of 12 or a boiling point less than 200°C in the permeate. Such scalable, selective membranes offer potential for the hybridization of energy-efficient technology with conventional processes such as distillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstie A Thompson
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Ronita Mathias
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Daeok Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Neel Rangnekar
- Corporate Strategic Research, ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, NJ 08801, USA
| | - J R Johnson
- Corporate Strategic Research, ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, NJ 08801, USA
| | - Scott J Hoy
- Analytical Sciences Laboratory, ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, NJ 08801, USA
| | - Irene Bechis
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Andrew Tarzia
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Benjamin A McCool
- Corporate Strategic Research, ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, NJ 08801, USA
| | - Andrew G Livingston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Ryan P Lively
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - M G Finn
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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O'Brien WL, Boltin ND, DeJong SA, Lu Z, Cassidy BM, Hoy SJ, Morgan SL, Myrick ML. An Improved-Efficiency Compact Lamp for the Thermal Infrared. Appl Spectrosc 2015; 69:1511-1513. [PMID: 26555868 DOI: 10.1366/14-07690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A major type of infrared camera is sensitive to wavelengths in the 8-14 μm band and is mainly used for thermal imaging. Such cameras can also be used for general broadband infrared reflectance imaging when provided with a suitable light source. We report the design and properties of an infrared lamp using a heated alumina emitter suitable for active thermal infrared imaging, as well as comparisons to existing commercial light sources for this purpose. We find that the alumina lamp is a broadband non-blackbody source with a lower out-of-band emission intensity and therefore higher electrical efficiency for this application than existing commercial sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne L O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
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