Shokrian Zeini M, Pakravesh SM, Jalili Kolour SM, Soghala S, Dabbagh Ohadi MA, Ghanbar Ali Akhavan H, Sayyahi Z, Mahya L, Jahani S, Shojaei Baghini S, Farkhondeh T, Kabiri M, Samarghandian S. Astaxanthin as an Anticancer Agent against Breast Cancer: An
In Vivo and
In Vitro Investigation.
Curr Med Chem 2024;
31:CMC-EPUB-139810. [PMID:
38638038 DOI:
10.2174/0109298673288774240406053607]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
AIM
This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant properties, cytotoxic activity, and apoptotic effects of astaxanthin (ASX) on genes and pathways involved in breast cancer in Balb/c mice models injected with the 4T1 cell line.
BACKGROUND
ASX could inhibit some tumor progression by using in vivo and in vitro models.
OBJECTIVE
The effect of ASX on breast cancer was not fully understood till now.
METHOD
In an in vivo model, 4T1 cells-injected mice were administered with different concentrations of ASX (100 and 200 mg/kg), and histopathological evaluations were done using an optical microscope and the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The real- time PCR investigated the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Caspase 3 genes in mice treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg ASX. Also, the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined in ASX-treated cancer mice.
RESULTS
ASX (200 mg/kg) caused a significant reduction in the mitotic cell count of tumor tissues compared to ASX (100 mg/kg). The antiproliferative effects of different concentrations of ASX were shown based on the MTT results. The treatment of breast tumor mice with both concentrations of ASX, especially 200 mg/kg, elevated the expression of Caspase 3, Bax, and SOD enzyme levels and decreased Bcl-2 expression and MDA enzyme levels.
CONCLUSION
ASX can be considered a promising alternative treatment for breast cancer.
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