Goulart VG, Menezes GD, Espírito-Santo S, Faria-Melibeu ADC, Serfaty CA, Campello-Costa P. Interleukin 4 Leads to Sustained Phosphorylation of the STAT6 and ERK Pathways in the Retina and Disrupts Subcortical Visual Circuitry in Rodents.
Neuroimmunomodulation 2018;
25:96-102. [PMID:
30110698 DOI:
10.1159/000490895]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine related to different aspects of central nervous system development such as survival, proliferation, and differentiation, among others. Our goals were to investigate the effect of intravitreous treatment with IL-4 on the activation of downstream signaling pathways in the retina and the distribution of retinal axons within the superior colliculus (SC).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Lister hooded rats were submitted to an intravitreous injection of either IL-4 (5 U/µL) or PBS (vehicle) at postnatal day 10 (PND10). At PND11 or PND14, retinas were processed for Western blot or immunohistochemistry. At PND13, a group of animals received an intraocular injection of an anterograde tracer in the left (untreated) eye in order to label the uncrossed retinotectal axons.
RESULTS
Our data revealed that intravitreous treatment with IL-4 at PND10 leads to a decrease in GFAP content and a sustained increase in the phosphorylation of STAT6 and ERK levels in the retina. IL-4 also increases retinal axonal arbors within the SC, compared to control groups.
CONCLUSIONS
These data suggest that a single in vivo treatment with IL-4 during the early stages of development modulates signaling pathways in the retina, resulting in altered binocular subcortical visual connectivity.
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