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Yamashita SN, Tanaka Y, Kitagawa T, Baron B, Tokuda K, Paudel D, Nakagawa K, Ohta T, Hamada JI, Kobayashi M, Nagayasu H, Kuramitsu Y. Down-regulating Effect of a Standardized Extract of Cultured Lentinula edodes mycelia on Cortactin in Prostate Cancer Cells Is Dependent on Malignant Potential. Anticancer Res 2023; 43:1159-1166. [PMID: 36854514 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer have been increasing worldwide. Although prostate cancer cells grow slowly in the local original site, once the cancer cells spread to distant organs they grow rapidly and show very aggressive features. Cortactin is a protein that regulates the actin cytoskeleton and plays crucial roles in cancer metastasis. Up-regulated cortactin is correlated with the metastatic capacity of prostate cancer cells. AHCC®, a standardized extract of cultured Lentinula edodes mycelia, has been previously reported to have cortactin-down-regulating effects on human pancreatic cancer cells. In the present study, the effects of AHCC® treatment on cortactin levels in prostate cancer cells was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS LNCaP.FGC, DU145, and PC-3 are human prostate cancer cell lines. LNCaP.FGC is well differentiated, androgen-dependent, and poorly metastatic. DU145 is less differentiated, androgen-independent, and moderate metastatic. PC-3 is less differentiated, androgen-independent, and highly metastatic. The effects of AHCC® treatment on cortactin levels in prostate cancer cells was evaluated by western blot. RESULTS In vitro AHCC® treatment decreased cortactin levels in LNCaP.FGC and DU145 cells but did not change those in PC-3 cells. CONCLUSION AHCC® treatment down-regulated cortactin expression in poor and moderate metastatic LNCaP.FGC and DU145 cells but showed no effect on cortactin expression in the highly metastatic PC-3 cells. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism of the resistance to AHCC® treatment in highly metastatic PC-3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Nosuke Yamashita
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Yoshiatsu Tanaka
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Takao Kitagawa
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Byron Baron
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Kazuhiro Tokuda
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Yamaguchi Prefectural University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Durga Paudel
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Koji Nakagawa
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Tohru Ohta
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Hamada
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kobayashi
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagayasu
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kuramitsu
- Advanced Research Promotion Centre, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan; .,School of Medical Technology, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan
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