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Inoue T, Kanesaka T, Otozai S. Endoscopic snare uvulectomy under moderate sedation without endotracheal intubation. Dig Endosc 2021; 33:e87-e88. [PMID: 33826794 DOI: 10.1111/den.13966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Inoue
- Departments of, Department of, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanesaka
- Departments of, Department of, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Otozai
- Department of, Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Kanayama N, Otozai S, Yoshii T, Toratani M, Ikawa T, Wada K, Hirata T, Morimoto M, Konishi K, Ogawa K, Fujii T, Teshima T. Death unrelated to cancer and death from aspiration pneumonia after definitive radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol 2020; 151:266-272. [PMID: 32866561 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The incidence of hypopharyngeal and supraglottic cancer (HSC) is high in Japan. This study aimed to retrospectively identify risk factors for death unrelated to cancer and death from aspiration pneumonia after definitive radiotherapy (RT) for HSC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Overall, 391 patients who began definitive RT for HSC between 2006 and 2014 were identified from the Osaka International Cancer Institute electronic database. Among 391 patients, 33 had a history of surgery for esophageal cancer (EC) and 19 received simultaneous RT for synchronous EC. The cause of death was divided into 3 main categories: "cancer under study," "other malignancy," and "unrelated to cancer." Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR). RESULTS The median follow-up for survivors was 8 (range 3.6-14.1) years. At the last follow-up, 202 patients died. Death from "cancer under study," "other malignancy," and "unrelated to cancer" occurred in 92 (45.5%), 55 (27.2%), and 55 (27.2%) patients, respectively. Twelve patients died from aspiration pneumonia. In multivariate analysis for death unrelated to cancer and death from aspiration pneumonia, history of surgery for EC (HR: 3.87, p < 0.001; HR: 6.84, p = 0.007, respectively) and simultaneous RT for synchronous EC (HR: 3.74, p = 0.006; HR: 16.37, p < 0.001, respectively) were significant risk factors. CONCLUSION The laryngeal preservation approach by RT for HSC patients with a history of surgery for EC and simultaneous RT for synchronous EC should be used with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Kanayama
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Center Institute, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Shinji Otozai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka International Center Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yoshii
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka International Center Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayasu Toratani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Center Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Ikawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Center Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Wada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Center Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takero Hirata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Morimoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Center Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Konishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Center Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ogawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujii
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka International Center Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Teruki Teshima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Center Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Fujii T, Miyabe J, Yoshii T, Suzuki M, Otozai S, Komukai S, Kishikawa T, Takemoto N, Fukusumi T, Tatsumi M, Hatazawa J, Inohara H. Metabolic tumor volume of metastatic lymph nodes and survival after total laryngectomy in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. Oral Oncol 2019; 93:107-113. [PMID: 31109690 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) in locally advanced laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer is established in the setting of chemoradiotherapy, while it remains unknown in the setting of upfront total laryngectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 88 patients receiving total laryngectomy and neck dissection, using Cox regression models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Variables related to metastatic lymph node were associated with overall survival, whereas those related to primary tumor were not. In multivariable models, MTV of metastatic lymph nodes (N-MTV) as a continuous variable (Akaike's information criterion (AIC), 277.5) was equivalent to pathological nodal status (AIC, 278.2; P = 0.40), and superior to pathological nodal classification as an ordinal variable (AIC, 281.4; P < 0.05) in ability of predicting death. The risk of death was increased by 1.2-fold (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0-1.4; P = 0.03) every 10-ml increment of N-MTV, while patients with pN+ disease were at a higher risk of death by 2.9-fold (95% CI, 1.0-12.2; P < 0.05) compared with patients with pN0 disease. Using recursive partitioning analysis (RPA), we classified the patients as having a low, intermediate, or high risk of death on the basis of N-MTV and extranodal extension (ENE). This RPA classification system exhibited greater concordance with overall survival than the classification considering pathological nodal status and ENE (AIC, 275.8 versus 281.4; P = 0.02). In the setting of upfront total laryngectomy, N-MTV is a critical predictor of mortality. A staging system in which N-MTV is incorporated may better inform adjuvant treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fujii
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Miyabe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - T Yoshii
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - S Otozai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Komukai
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Division of Biomedical Statistics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - T Kishikawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - N Takemoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - T Fukusumi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - M Tatsumi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - J Hatazawa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - H Inohara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
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Otsuka T, Fujiishi K, Matsumoto K, Kimura T, Koike R, Cho H, Hasegawa A, Nishio M, Otozai S, Yoshii T, Kudo T, Fujisawa F, Sugimoto N, Yagi T, Imamura F, Fujii T. Association of immune-related adverse events and efficacy in Japanese patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with nivolumab. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy438.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Suzuki M, Takemoto N, Fukuzumi T, Yamamoto M, Otozai S, Yoshii T, Fujii T, Inohara H. Prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume in recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy287.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Suzuki M, Fujii T, Yoshii T, Otozai S, Kitamura K, Kanamura R, Omori Y, Minamino T. [Trends in the Detail of the Stage and Survival Rate in Hypopharyngeal Cancer over 20 Years]. Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 2016; 119:949-954. [PMID: 30051976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Hypopharyngeal cancer frequently presents at an advanced stage and has one of the worst prognosis among the head and neck cancers. Recently, superficial hypopharyngeal cancers with a good prognosis have been detected with a novel endoscopic technique, such as narrow band imaging. Objectives: To evaluate trends in the detail of the stage and survival rate in hypopharyngeal cancer over 20 years. Patients and methods: Between 1993 and 2012, 722 patients with hypopharyngeal cancer treated at the Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease were studied retrospectively. The 20-year period was subdivided into 5-year periods; Period A (1993-1997, n=101), Period B (1998-2002, n=123), Period C (2003-2007, n=196) and Period D (2008-2012, n=302). The patients at Stage I-II were divided into superficial cancer as Stage I-IIs and invasive cancer as Stage I-IIi. In every period, a transition of the staging and overall survival rate were compared. Results: The 5-year overall survival in Period A, B, C and D were 34%, 39%, 54% and 60%, respectively. The patients at Stage III-IV in Period A, B, C and D comprised 32%, 36%, 47% and 54%, respectively. Both survival rates improved significantly from Period B to C. The ratio of Stage 0 and Stage I-IIs increased significantly from Period C to D. Whereas the 5-year overall survival rates of Stage 0 and Stage I-IIs were similar (80% vs 88%), the 5-year overall survival of Stage I-IIi was significantly poor. Excluding Stage 0 and Stage I-IIs, the 5-year overall survival had little change from Period C to D. Conclusion: The reason for the improvement in hypopharyngeal cancer prognosis was the prognostic improvement of advanced cancer from Period B to C, and an increase in superficial cancer from Period C to D.
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Hanaoka N, Ishihara R, Takeuchi Y, Suzuki M, Otozai S, Kida K, Yoshii T, Fujii T, Yoshino K, Sugawa T, Kitamura K, Kanemura R, Koike R, Uedo N, Higashino K, Akasaka T, Yamashina T, Kanesaka T, Matsuura N, Aoi K, Yamasaki Y, Hamada K, Iishi H, Tomita Y. Endoscopic submucosal dissection as minimally invasive treatment for superficial pharyngeal cancer: a phase II study (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 2015; 82:1002-8. [PMID: 26234696 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2015.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been applied for superficial pharyngeal cancer, no prospective trials have been reported. To investigate the efficacy and safety of ESD for superficial pharyngeal cancer, we conducted a prospective phase II trial. METHODS Fifty-four patients with 73 lesions were enrolled from September 2010 to August 2014, and ESD was performed. The primary endpoint was the complete resection rate. Secondary endpoints were safety, recurrence-free survival, overall survival, and incidence of metachronous pharyngeal cancer. RESULTS Fifty-four patients had stage 0-III cancer: stage 0, n = 22; stage I, n = 14; stage II, n = 17; and stage III, n = 1. The en bloc resection rate was 100%, and the complete resection rate was 79.5% (58/73 lesions; 95% confidence interval, 68%-88%). No serious adverse events related to ESD were encountered. Four patients required nasogastric intubation and feeding. No patients required percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and tracheotomy. Swallowing, speech, and airway functions were preserved in all patients. One of the 54 patients died of an unrelated illness. Median follow-up was 27 months (range 6-55 months). Local cervical lymph node metastasis was observed in 1 patient, and the case was salvaged successfully with lymph node dissection. The 3-year overall and recurrence-free survival rates were 97.7% and 98.1%, respectively. Cumulative development of multiple cancers of the pharynx at 3 years was 18.4%. CONCLUSIONS ESD appears to be a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment in patients with superficial pharyngeal cancer. ( CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER UMIN000003623.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noboru Hanaoka
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryu Ishihara
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoji Takeuchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Otozai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kota Kida
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yoshii
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujii
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kunitoshi Yoshino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Sugawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Kitamura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Kanemura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Koike
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriya Uedo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Higashino
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Akasaka
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamashina
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanesaka
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriko Matsuura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Aoi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yamasaki
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenta Hamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iishi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tomita
- Department of Pathology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
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Suzuki M, Fujii T, Yoshii T, Otozai S, Kida K, Sugawa T, Kitamura K, Kanamura R, Koike R. [Videofluoroscopic Examination of Swallowing Using the AsR Score for Postoperative Swallowing Function in Oral Cancer Patients]. Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 2015; 118:854-9. [PMID: 26427125 DOI: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.118.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the postoperative swallowing function in head and neck cancer patients, videofluoroscopic examination of swallowing (VF) proved useful as a qualitative evaluation, but was complex as a quantitative evaluation. We made use of the AsR score which consisted of a 10-point scale as a quantitative evaluation of VF. To identify the usefulness of the AsR score, 146 patients who had undergone extensive resection and reconstruction with free flaps or pedicle grafts were reviewed. The AsR score of VF for the first time after surgery was defined as "first score", and at the last time in the hospital was defined as "last score". The correlations between the first score and continuity of direct therapy, and between the last score and way of nutrition at the time of discharge were examined. Using the ROC (receiver operator characteristic) analysis and the AUC (area under the curve) the cut-off values of the AsR score were estimated. One hundred and thirty one patients could continue direct therapy after the first time of VF. The first score detected continuity of direct therapy with high accuracy (AUC = 0.946), furthermore using a cut-off of 5, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were about 96.2%, 86.6%, 98.4%, and 72.2%, respectively. At the time of discharge, 138 patients had no limitation of oral intake and 8 patients had a limitation e.g. PEG (n = 7) and a total laryngectomy for preventing aspiration (n = 1). The last score detected oral intake ability with no limitation with high accuracy (AUC = 0.925). Using a cut-off of 6, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were about 82.6%, 87.5%, 99.1% and 22.6%, respectively. The AsR score is useful as a quantitative evaluation of postoperative swallowing function in oral cancer patients.
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Kawaguchi Y, Nishiyama K, Hirata T, Konishi K, Otozai S, Suzuki M, Yoshii T, Fujii T, Teshima T. Treatment outcomes of external-beam radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue. Int J Clin Oncol 2015; 20:891-6. [PMID: 25732609 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-015-0805-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate definitive external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for patients with base of the tongue (BOT) cancers. METHODS We reviewed results for 26 patients with BOT cancers who were treated with EBRT. Clinical stages T1, T2, T3, and T4a were observed for 10, 7, 4, and 5 patients, respectively, and stages N0, N1, N2a, N2b, N2c, and N3 were observed for 4, 2, 5, 6, 8, and 1 patients, respectively. More than half of the patients (n = 19) were stage IVA. Standard total delivered doses were 70 Gy to primary tumors and cervical lymph node (CLN) metastases and 40-46 Gy to elective nodal regions. Eleven patients with advanced loco-regional disease received concurrent or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Four T3 patients and one T2 patient received 2 or 3 cycles of concurrent intra-arterial cisplatin with EBRT (RADPLAT). RESULTS Three-year overall survival was 69 % (95 % CI 47-83 %), with a median follow-up period of 33 months. Three-year local control was 100, 86, 100, and 20 % for T1, T2, T3, and T4 patients, respectively. Three-year regional control was 100 % for N0, N1, and N2a, 83 % for N2b, 75 % for N2c, and 0 % for N3 patients. Treatment failed for 7 patients. All 5 patients undergoing RADPLAT achieved complete responses and did not develop local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS We achieved favorable outcomes for patients with T1-T3 BOT cancers by use of definitive EBRT with or without chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Kawaguchi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 3-3, Nakamichi 1-chome, Higashinari-ku, Osaka, 537-8511, Japan.
| | - Kinji Nishiyama
- Department of Radiology, Yao Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takerou Hirata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 3-3, Nakamichi 1-chome, Higashinari-ku, Osaka, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Kouji Konishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 3-3, Nakamichi 1-chome, Higashinari-ku, Osaka, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Shinji Otozai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Suzuki
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yoshii
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujii
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Teruki Teshima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 3-3, Nakamichi 1-chome, Higashinari-ku, Osaka, 537-8511, Japan
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Otozai S, Ishikawa-Fujiwara T, Oda S, Kamei Y, Ryo H, Sato A, Nomura T, Mitani H, Tsujimura T, Inohara H, Todo T. p53-Dependent suppression of genome instability in germ cells. Mutat Res 2014; 760:24-32. [PMID: 24406868 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Radiation increases mutation frequencies at tandem repeat loci. Germline mutations in γ-ray-irradiated medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) were studied, focusing on the microsatellite loci. Mismatch-repair genes suppress microsatellite mutation by directly removing altered sequences at the nucleotide level, whereas the p53 gene suppresses genetic alterations by eliminating damaged cells. The contribution of these two defense mechanisms to radiation-induced microsatellite instability was addressed. The spontaneous mutation frequency was significantly higher in msh2(-/-) males than in wild-type fish, whereas there was no difference in the frequency of radiation-induced mutations between msh2(-/-) and wild-type fish. By contrast, irradiated p53(-/-) fish exhibited markedly increased mutation frequencies, whereas their spontaneous mutation frequency was the same as that of wild-type fish. In the spermatogonia of the testis, radiation induced a high level of apoptosis both in wild-type and msh2(-/-) fish, but negligible levels in p53(-/-) fish. The results demonstrate that the msh2 and p53 genes protect genome integrity against spontaneous and radiation-induced mutation by two different pathways: direct removal of mismatches and elimination of damaged cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Otozai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishikawa-Fujiwara
- Department of Radiation Biology and Medical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, B4, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shoji Oda
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kamei
- Department of Radiation Biology and Medical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, B4, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruko Ryo
- Nomura Project, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 565-0085, Japan
| | - Ayuko Sato
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Taisei Nomura
- Nomura Project, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka 565-0085, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mitani
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Tohru Tsujimura
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hidenori Inohara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Todo
- Department of Radiation Biology and Medical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, B4, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Ishikawa T, Kamei Y, Otozai S, Kim J, Sato A, Kuwahara Y, Tanaka M, Deguchi T, Inohara H, Tsujimura T, Todo T. High-resolution melting curve analysis for rapid detection of mutations in a Medaka TILLING library. BMC Mol Biol 2010; 11:70. [PMID: 20840787 PMCID: PMC2949603 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-11-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the last two decades, DNA sequencing has led to the identification of numerous genes in key species; however, in most cases, their functions are still unknown. In this situation, reverse genetics is the most suitable method to assign function to a gene. TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) is a reverse-genetic strategy that combines random chemical mutagenesis with high-throughput discovery of the induced mutations in target genes. The method has been applied to a variety of plant and animal species. Screening of the induced mutations is the most important step in TILLING. Currently, direct sequencing or nuclease-mediated screening of heteroduplexes is widely used for detection of mutations in TILLING. Both methods are useful, but the costs are substantial and turnaround times are relatively long. Thus, there is a need for an alternative method that is of higher throughput and more cost effective. RESULTS In this study, we developed a high resolution melting (HRM) assay and evaluated its effectiveness for screening ENU-induced mutations in a medaka TILLING library. We had previously screened mutations in the p53 gene by direct sequencing. Therefore, we first tested the efficiency of the HRM assay by screening mutations in p53, which indicated that the HRM assay is as useful as direct sequencing. Next, we screened mutations in the atr and atm genes with the HRM assay. Nonsense mutations were identified in each gene, and the phenotypes of these nonsense mutants confirmed their loss-of-function nature. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the HRM assay is useful for screening mutations in TILLING. Furthermore, the phenotype of the obtained mutants indicates that medaka is an excellent animal model for investigating genome stability and gene function, especially when combined with TILLING.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ishikawa
- Department of Radiation Biology and Medical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, B4, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Tomiyama Y, Yoshida JI, Honjo Y, Otozai S, Mitani K. [A clinical study of 104 patients with tongue cancer and the relationship between DNA ploidy and prognosis in 41 cases]. Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 2003; 106:1084-92. [PMID: 14672033 DOI: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.106.1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
One-hundred and four patients with previously untreated tongue cancer seen in our department between 1986 and 1998 were enrolled in a clinical study. The DNA ploidy patterns observed in fresh frozen specimens obtained from 41 patients were analyzed, and prognostic factors were investigated. According to the TNM classification (UICC 1997), 43 patients had stage I tumors, 29 had stage II tumors, 17 had stage III tumors, and 15 had stage IV tumors. The 5-year cause-specific survival rates for each stage were 94.7%, 64.4%, 50.0% and 45.7%, respectively. The most frequent cause of death associated with the original disease was the recurrence of the disease in cervical lymph nodes (19/27, 70.4%). The occurrence of late cervical metastasis was high among patients with a T2N0 disease. Patients with stage II disease should undergo elective neck dissection or be carefully monitored using ultrasonography. Among the 41 cases in which the DNA ploidy pattern was analyzed, diploid patterns were found in 30 cases and aneuploid patterns were found in 11. The 5-year cause-specific survival rate and the 5-year locoregional control rate were significantly lower for the aneuploid cases (18.2%, 38.9%) than for the diploid cases (66.5%, 69.8%) (p = 0.0003, p = 0.0339). The incidence of distant metastasis was significantly higher among the aneuploid cases (6/11, 54.5%) than among the diploid cases (3/30, 10.0%) (p = 0.0058). The ploidy pattern, as determined by flow cytometric DNA analysis, may reflect the malignancy grade of tongue cancers.
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