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Chang KC, Rhodes CT, Zhang JQ, Moseley MC, Cardona SM, Huang SWA, Rawls A, Lemmon VP, Berger MS, Abate AR, Lin CHA. The chromatin repressors EZH2 and Suv4-20h coregulate cell fate specification during hippocampal development. FEBS Lett 2021; 596:294-308. [PMID: 34890048 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The cell fate transition from radial glial-like (RGL) cells to neurons and astrocytes is crucial for development and pathological conditions. Two chromatin repressors-the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 and suppressor of variegation 4-20 homolog-are expressed in RGL cells in the hippocampus, implicating these epigenetic regulators in hippocampal cell fate commitment. Using a double knockout mouse model, we demonstrated that loss of both chromatin repressors in the RGL population leads to deficits in hippocampal development. Single-nuclei RNA-Seq revealed differential gene expression and provided mechanistic insight into how the two chromatin repressors are critical for the maintenance of cycling cells in the dentate gyrus as well as the balance of cell trajectories between neuronal and astroglial lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chun Chang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christopher T Rhodes
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, TX, USA.,Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH/NICHD, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jesse Q Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Madeleine C Moseley
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, TX, USA
| | - Sandra M Cardona
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, TX, USA
| | - Shu-Wei Angela Huang
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, TX, USA
| | - Ashley Rawls
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, TX, USA
| | - Vance P Lemmon
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mitchel S Berger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam R Abate
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chin-Hsing Annie Lin
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, TX, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA
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Rhodes CT, Zunino G, Huang SWA, Cardona SM, Cardona AE, Berger MS, Lemmon VP, Lin CHA. Region specific knock-out reveals distinct roles of chromatin modifiers in adult neurogenic niches. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:377-389. [PMID: 29433384 PMCID: PMC5914887 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1426417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone methyltransferases (HMTs) are present in heterogeneous cell populations within the adult brain including neurogenic niches. Yet the question remains whether loss of HMTs and the resulting changes in histone methylation alter cell fate in a region-specific manner. We utilized stereotaxic injection of Cre recombinant protein into the adult neurogenic niches, the subventricular zone (SVZ) adjacent to the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus. We confirmed that Cre protein was enzymatically active in vivo and recombination events were restricted to the vicinity of injection areas. In this study, we focus on using Cre mediated recombination in mice harboring floxed HMT: enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) or suppressor of variegation homolog (Suv4-20h). Injectable Cre protein successfully knocked out either EZH2 or Suv4-20h, allowing assessment of long-term effects in a region-specific fashion. We performed meso-scale imaging and flow cytometry for phenotype analysis and unbiased quantification. We demonstrated that regional loss of EZH2 affects the differentiation paradigm of neural stem progenitor cells as well as the maintenance of stem cell population. We further demonstrated that regional loss of Suv4-20h influences the cell cycle but does not affect stem cell differentiation patterns. Therefore, Cre protein mediated knock-out a given HMT unravel their distinguishable and important roles in adult neurogenic niches. This Cre protein-based approach offers tightly-controlled knockouts in multiple cell types simultaneously for studying diverse regulatory mechanisms and is optimal for region-specific manipulation within complex, heterogeneous brain architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Rhodes
- a Department of Biology , University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX 78249 , USA
| | - Giulia Zunino
- b The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis , University of Miami , Miami , FL 33136 , USA
| | - Shu-Wei Angela Huang
- a Department of Biology , University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX 78249 , USA
| | - Sandra M Cardona
- a Department of Biology , University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX 78249 , USA
| | - Astrid E Cardona
- a Department of Biology , University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX 78249 , USA.,c South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases , University of Texas at San Antonio , TX 78249 , USA
| | - Mitchel S Berger
- d Department of Neurological Surgery , University of California , San Francisco , CA , 94143 , USA
| | - Vance P Lemmon
- b The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis , University of Miami , Miami , FL 33136 , USA
| | - Chin-Hsing Annie Lin
- a Department of Biology , University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX 78249 , USA.,e Neuroscience Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX 78249 , USA
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Rhodes CT, Sandstrom RS, Huang SWA, Wang Y, Schotta G, Berger MS, Lin CHA. Cross-species Analyses Unravel the Complexity of H3K27me3 and H4K20me3 in the Context of Neural Stem Progenitor Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 6:10-25. [PMID: 27429906 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepig.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem progenitor cells (NSPCs) in the human subventricular zone (SVZ) potentially contribute to life-long neurogenesis, yet subtypes of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) contain NSPC signatures that highlight the importance of cell fate regulation. Among numerous regulatory mechanisms, the post-translational methylations onto histone tails are crucial regulator of cell fate. The work presented here focuses on the role of two repressive chromatin marks tri-methylations on histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) and histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20me3) in the adult NSPC within the SVZ. To best model healthy human NSPCs as they exist in vivo for epigenetic profiling of H3K27me3 and H4K20me3, we utilized NSPCs isolated from the adult SVZ of baboon brain (Papio anubis) with brain structure and genomic level similar to human. The putative role of H3K27me3 in normal NSPCs predominantly falls into the regulation of gene expression, cell cycle, and differentiation, whereas H4K20me3 is involved in DNA replication/repair, metabolism, and cell cycle. Using conditional knock-out mouse models to diminish Ezh2 and Suv4-20h responsible for H3K27me3 and H4K20me3, respectively, we found that both repressive marks have irrefutable function for cell cycle regulation in the NSPC population. While both EZH2/H3K27me3 and Suv4-20h/H4K20me3 have implication in cancers, our comparative genomics approach between healthy NSPCs and human GBM specimens revealed that substantial sets of genes enriched with H3K27me3 and H4K20me3 in the NSPCs are altered in the human GBM. In sum, our integrated analyses across species highlight important roles of H3K27me3 and H4K20me3 in normal and disease conditions in the context of NSPC.
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Key Words
- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
- Cre recombinant protein
- Enhancer of zeste (Human- Gene: EZH2, Protein: EZH2) (Mouse- Gene: Ezh2, Protein: Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2)
- Epigenetic Repression
- Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM)
- Neural Stem Progenitor Cells (NSPCs)
- Stereotaxic injection
- Suppressor of variegation homolog 1 (Human- Gene: KMT5B or SUV420H1, Protein: lysine methyltransferase 5B, synonym Suv4-20h1) (Mouse- Gene: Suv4-20h1, synonym Kmt5b, Protein: Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase KMT5B, synonym Suv4-20h1)
- Suppressor of variegation homolog 2 (Human- Gene: KMT5C or SUV420H2, Protein: lysine methyltransferase 5C, synonym Suv4-20h2) (Mouse- Gene: Suv4-20h2, synonym Kmt5c, Protein: Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase KMT5C, synonym Suv4-20h2)
- tri-methylation at histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) and histone 4 lysine 20 (H4K20me3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Rhodes
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA
| | - Richard S Sandstrom
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Shu-Wei Angela Huang
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA
| | - Gunnar Schotta
- Ludwig Maximilians University and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science (CiPSM), Biomedical Center, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Mitchel S Berger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Chin-Hsing Annie Lin
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA; Neuroscience Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA
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