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Ciftci R, Secgin Y, Oner Z, Toy S, Oner S. Age Estimation Using Machine Learning Algorithms with Parameters Obtained from X-ray Images of the Calcaneus. Niger J Clin Pract 2024; 27:209-214. [PMID: 38409149 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_602_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determination of bone age is a critical issue for forensics, surgery, and basic sciences. AIM This study aims to estimate age with high accuracy and precision using Machine Learning (ML) algorithms with parameters obtained from calcaneus x-ray images of healthy individuals. METHOD The study was carried out by retrospectively examining the foot X-ray images of 341 people aged 18-65 years. Maximum width of the calcaneus (MW), body width (BW), maximum length (MAXL), minimum length (MINL), facies articularis cuboidea height (FACH), maximum height (MAXH), and tuber calcanei width (TKW) parameters were measured from the images. The measurements were then grouped as 20-45 years of age, 46-64 years of age, 65 and older, and age estimation was made by using these at the input of ML models. RESULTS As a result of the ML input of the measurements obtained, a 0.85 Accuracy (Acc) rate was obtained with the Extra Tree Classifier algorithm. The accuracy rate of other algorithms was found to vary between 0.78 and 0.82. The contribution of parameters to the overall result was evaluated by using the shapley additive explanations (SHAP) analyzer of Random Forest algorithm and the MAXH parameter was found to have the highest contribution in age estimation. CONCLUSIONS As a result of our study, calcaneus bone was found to have high accuracy and precision in age estimations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ciftci
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
| | - Y Secgin
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karabük University, Karabük, Türkiye
| | - Z Oner
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Bakırçay University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - S Toy
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karabük University, Karabük, Türkiye
| | - S Oner
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Bakırçay University, İzmir, Türkiye
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Toy S, Dietz J, Naumann P, Trothe J, Thomas F, Diederichsen U, Steinem C, Janshoff A. HAV-peptides attached to colloidal probes faithfully detect E-cadherins displayed on living cells. Chemistry 2023:e202203904. [PMID: 36917492 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecules are crucial for a variety of biological processes, including wound healing, barrier formationand tissue homeostasis. One of them is E-cadherin which is generally found at adherent junctions between epithelialcells. To identify this molecule on the surface of cells, E-cadherin mimetic peptides with a critical aminoacid sequence of HAV (histidine-alanine-valine) were synthesized and attached to solid supported membranes coveringcolloidal probes. Two different functionalization strategies were established, one based on complexation of DOGSNTA(Ni) with a polyhistidine-tagged HAV-peptide and the other one relying on the formation of a HAV-lipopeptide usingin situ maleimide-thiol coupling. Binding studies were performed to verify the ability of the peptides to attachto the membrane surface. Compared to the non-covalent attachment via the His-tag, we achieved a higher yield bylipopeptide formation. Colloidal probes functionalized with HAV-peptides were employed to measure the presence of Ecadherinson living cells either using video particle tracking or force spectroscopy. Here, human HaCaT cells were examinedconfirming the specific interaction of the HAV-peptide with the E-cadherin of the cells. Statistical methods werealso used to determine the number of single-bond ruptures and the force of a single bond. These findings may be essentialfor the development of novel biosynthetic materials given their potential to become increasingly relevant in medicalapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silan Toy
- Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, IOBC, GERMANY
| | - Jörn Dietz
- Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, IPC, GERMANY
| | | | | | | | - Ulf Diederichsen
- University of Göttingen: Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, IOBC, GERMANY
| | | | - Andreas Janshoff
- University of Göttingen: Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, Chemistry, Tammannstr. 6, 37077, Goettingen, GERMANY
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Toy S, Daly Guris RJ. How to conduct survey-based research. Anaesthesia 2022. [PMID: 36515113 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Toy
- Department of Basic Science Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - R J Daly Guris
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Senol D, Bodur F, Secgın Y, Bakıcı RS, Sahin NE, Toy S, Öner S, Oner Z. Sex prediction with morphometric measurements of first and fifth metatarsal and phalanx obtained from X-ray images by using machine learning algorithms. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2022; 82:704-711. [PMID: 35607870 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2022.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to predict sex with machine learning (ML) algorithms by making morphometric measurements on radiological images of the first and fifth metatarsal and phalanx bones. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, radiologic images of 263 individuals (135 female, 128 male) between the ages of 27 and 60 were analysed retrospectively. The images in digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) format were transferred to personal workstation Radiant DICOM Viewer programme. Length and width measurements of the first and fifth metatarsal and foot phalanx bones were performed on the transferred images. In addition, the ratios of the total length of the first proximal and distal phalanx and length of the first metatarsal and total length of fifth proximal, middle, and distal phalanx and maximum length of fifth metatarsal were calculated. RESULTS As a result of machine learning algorithms, highest accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and Matthews correlation coefficient values were found as 0.85, 0.86, 0.85, and 0.71, respectively with decision tree algorithm. It was found that accuracy rates of other algorithms varied between 0.74 and 0.83. CONCLUSIONS As a result of our study, it was found that sex estimation was made with high accuracy rate by using machine learning algorithms on X-ray images of the first and fifth metatarsal and foot phalanx. We think that in cases when pelvis, cranium and long bones are harmed and examination is difficult, bones of the first and fifth metatarsal and foot phalanx can be used for sex estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Senol
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey.
| | - F Bodur
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
| | - Y Secgın
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karabük University, Karabük, Turkey
| | - R S Bakıcı
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karabük University, Karabük, Turkey
| | - N E Sahin
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karabük University, Karabük, Turkey
| | - S Toy
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karabük University, Karabük, Turkey
| | - S Öner
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Bakırçay University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Z Oner
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Bakırçay University, İzmir, Turkey
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Senol D, Ozbag D, Dedeoglu N, Cevirgen F, Toy S, Ogeturk M, Kose E. Comparison of anthropometric and conic beam computed tomography measurements of patients with and without difficult intubation risk according to modified mallampati score: New markers for difficult intubation. Niger J Clin Pract 2021; 24:1609-1615. [PMID: 34782498 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_694_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to compare the anthropometric and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) measurements taken from risk-free and risky groups by using the modified Mallampati score (MMS). Patients and Methods A total of 176 volunteers between the ages of 18 and 65 in four different MMS classes were included in the study. The patients in classes MMS I and MMS II were accepted as risk-free and the patients in classes MMS III and MMS IV were accepted as risky for intubation. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed on the data to compare the anthropometric and radiological measurements taken from the risk-free and risky groups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied to the parameters that had a statistically significant difference. Results According to the analysis results, statistically significant differences were found in the neck circumference (NC), maximum interincisal distance (MID), thyromental distance (TMD) and sternomental distance (SMD) of the anthropometric measurements of men and women between the risk-free and risky groups (P < 0.05). In terms of CBCT measurements, the thickness of the tongue (TT), distance between the uvula and posterior wall of pharynx (U-Ph), distance between posterior nasal spine and nasopharynx (Snp-Nph) and length of the epiglottis (LE) were found to have statistically significant differences between the risk-free and risky groups of men and women (P < 0.05). Conclusion The NC, MID, TMD and SMD anthropometric measurements and TT, U-Ph, Snp-Nph and LE radiologic measurements were found to support MMS, which is one of the most widely used bedside intubation prediction tests. In addition to the inclusion of CBCT for intubation prediction, U-Ph and Snp-Nph radiologic measurements were added as difficult intubation markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Senol
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
| | - D Ozbag
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - N Dedeoglu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Inönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - F Cevirgen
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - S Toy
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karabük University, Karabük, Turkey
| | - M Ogeturk
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - E Kose
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
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Ahluwalia T, Toy S, Gutierrez C, Boggs K, Douglass K. Feasible and effective use of a simulation-based curriculum for post-graduate emergency medicine trainees in India to improve learner self-efficacy, knowledge, and skills. Int J Emerg Med 2021; 14:42. [PMID: 34315407 PMCID: PMC8314604 DOI: 10.1186/s12245-021-00363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric emergency medicine training is in its infancy in India. Simulation provides an educational avenue to equip trainees with the skills to improve pediatric care. We hypothesized that a simulation-based curriculum can improve Indian post-graduate emergency medicine (EM) trainees' self-efficacy, knowledge, and skills in pediatric care. METHODS We designed a simulation-based curriculum for management of common pediatric emergencies including sepsis, trauma, and respiratory illness and pediatric-specific procedures including vascular access and airway skills. Training included didactics, procedural skill stations, and simulation. Measures included a self-efficacy survey, knowledge test, skills checklist, and follow-up survey. Results were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and paired-samples t test. A 6-month follow-up survey was done to evaluate lasting effects of the intervention. RESULTS Seventy residents from four academic hospitals in India participated. Trainees reported feeling significantly more confident, after training, in performing procedures, and managing pediatric emergencies (p < 0.001). After the simulation-based curriculum, trainees demonstrated an increase in medical knowledge of 19% (p < 0.01) and improvement in procedural skills from baseline to mastery of 18%, 20%, 16%, and 19% for intubation, bag-valve mask ventilation, intravenous access, and intraosseous access respectively (p < 0.01). At 6-month follow-up, self-efficacy in procedural skills and management of pediatric emergencies improved from baseline. CONCLUSIONS A simulation-based curriculum is an effective and sustainable way to improve Indian post-graduate EM trainees' self-efficacy, knowledge, and skills in pediatric emergency care.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ahluwalia
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington DC, 20010, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.
| | - S Toy
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - C Gutierrez
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington DC, 20010, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - K Boggs
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - K Douglass
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Public Health, Washington DC, USA
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Piper DW, Pym BM, Toy S, Gellatly R, Byth K, Seville P. The effect of maintenance cimetidine therapy on the medical, social and economic aspects of patients with chronic gastric ulcers. A placebo-controlled prospective study. Med J Aust 1986; 145:400-3. [PMID: 3093827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of cimetidine maintenance therapy on the socioeconomic life of patients with gastric ulcers in the year after healing and the extent to which treatment was cost-effective. One hundred and seventy patients with a healed ulcer were studied for periods of up to one year after healing; 116 patients completed one year of observation. A double-blind randomized prospective study was performed that compared cimetidine (400 mg at night) with placebo. Analysis was performed on the intention-to-treat principle. The treated group showed benefit over the placebo group; major or minor symptoms were experienced on fewer days, and more months were symptom-free. Male patients were wakened with ulcer pain on fewer nights, led a more normal social life, and had less ulcer-related sick-leave; female patients had less total sick leave. The proven ulcer recurrence rate was lower in the treated group. Fewer endoscopies were performed in this group and the resultant cost saving was equivalent to the cost expenditure on cimetidine treatment. A modest saving in wages was afforded treated patients in the workforce, due to the reduction in sick leave. The principal benefit of cimetidine treatment appeared to be the lessening of the pain and discomfort and, hence, the distress and anxiety that was associated with ulcer disease. The cost-saving due to the reduced number of endoscopies compensated for the cost-expenditure of the cimetidine treatment.
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