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Semenova D, Fernandes AC, Bolivar JM, Rosinha Grundtvig IP, Vadot B, Galvanin S, Mayr T, Nidetzky B, Zubov A, Gernaey KV. Model-based analysis of biocatalytic processes and performance of microbioreactors with integrated optical sensors. N Biotechnol 2020; 56:27-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Gagliano O, Luni C, Qin W, Bertin E, Torchio E, Galvanin S, Urciuolo A, Elvassore N. Microfluidic reprogramming to pluripotency of human somatic cells. Nat Protoc 2019; 14:722-737. [PMID: 30809022 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have a number of potential applications in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine, including precision medicine. However, their potential clinical application is hampered by the low efficiency, high costs, and heavy workload of the reprogramming process. Here we describe a protocol to reprogram human somatic cells to hiPSCs with high efficiency in 15 d using microfluidics. We successfully downscaled an 8-d protocol based on daily transfections of mRNA encoding for reprogramming factors and immune evasion proteins. Using this protocol, we obtain hiPSC colonies (up to 160 ± 20 mean ± s.d (n = 48)) in a single 27-mm2 microfluidic chamber) 15 d after seeding ~1,500 cells per independent chamber and under xeno-free defined conditions. Only ~20 µL of medium is required per day. The hiPSC colonies extracted from the microfluidic chamber do not require further stabilization because of the short lifetime of mRNA. The high success rate of reprogramming in microfluidics, under completely defined conditions, enables hundreds of cells to be simultaneously reprogrammed, with an ~100-fold reduction in costs of raw materials compared to those for standard multiwell culture conditions. This system also enables the generation of hiPSCs suitable for clinical translation or further research into the reprogramming process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onelia Gagliano
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Camilla Luni
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Enrica Bertin
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Erika Torchio
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Galvanin
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Urciuolo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. .,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy. .,Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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Scattolini V, Luni C, Zambon A, Galvanin S, Gagliano O, Ciubotaru CD, Avogaro A, Mammano F, Elvassore N, Fadini GP. Erratum to: Simvastatin Rapidly and Reversibly Inhibits Insulin Secretion in Intact Single-Islet Cultures. Diabetes Ther 2017; 8:207. [PMID: 27900571 PMCID: PMC5306115 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-016-0216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Scattolini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35129, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Camilla Luni
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zambon
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Galvanin
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35129, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Mammano
- CNR Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, 00015, Monterotondo, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy.
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35129, Padua, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
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Scattolini V, Luni C, Zambon A, Galvanin S, Gagliano O, Ciubotaru CD, Avogaro A, Mammano F, Elvassore N, Fadini GP. Simvastatin Rapidly and Reversibly Inhibits Insulin Secretion in Intact Single-Islet Cultures. Diabetes Ther 2016; 7:679-693. [PMID: 27830474 PMCID: PMC5118248 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-016-0210-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epidemiological studies suggest that statins may promote the development or exacerbation of diabetes, but whether this occurs through inhibition of insulin secretion is unclear. This lack of understanding is partly due to the cellular models used to explore this phenomenon (cell lines or pooled islets), which are non-physiologic and have limited clinical transferability. METHODS Here, we study the effect of simvastatin on insulin secretion using single-islet cultures, an optimal compromise between biological observability and physiologic fidelity. We develop and validate a microfluidic device to study single-islet function ex vivo, which allows for switching between media of different compositions with a resolution of seconds. In parallel, fluorescence imaging provides real-time analysis of the membrane voltage potential, cytosolic Ca2+ dynamics, and insulin release during perfusion under 3 or 11 mM glucose. RESULTS We found that simvastatin reversibly inhibits insulin secretion, even in high-glucose. This phenomenon is very rapid (<60 s), occurs without affecting Ca2+ concentrations, and is likely unrelated to cholesterol biosynthesis and protein isoprenylation, which occur on a time span of hours. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide the first real-time live demonstration that a statin inhibits insulin secretion in intact islets and that single islets respond differently from cell lines on a short time scale. FUNDING University of Padova, EASD Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Scattolini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35129, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Camilla Luni
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zambon
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Galvanin
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35129, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Mammano
- CNR Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, 00015, Monterotondo, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy.
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35129, Padua, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
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Frigerio M, Oliva F, Turazza FM, Macera F, Galvanin S, Verde A, Bruschi G, Pedrazzini G. [Changes in patient survival and quality of life after heart transplantation]. G Ital Cardiol (Rome) 2008; 9:461-471. [PMID: 18678212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Heart transplantation was performed firstly in 1967, but it became a valuable option in the 1980s, due to the availability of cyclosporine and of the technique for rejection monitoring by means of serial endomyocardial biopsies. Post-transplant survival improved over the years, mainly due to a reduction in early mortality for infection or acute rejection. Expected 1-year and 5-year survivals are around 85% and 70%, respectively. During the past 20-30 years, better therapies for heart failure have been developed, leading to restriction of heart transplant candidacy to truly refractory heart failure. On the contrary, the criteria for donor acceptance have been liberalized, due to the discrepancy between heart transplant candidates and available organs. It must be kept in mind that renal and/or hepatic insufficiency that may be a consequence of heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and donor age, all remain risk factors for mortality after transplantation. In order to maintain and possibly improve the results of heart transplantation, effective strategies to increase safely the donor pool are of utmost importance. Moreover, long-term post-transplant recipients present new challenges to research and clinical practice. Mechanical circulatory support devices represent a surgical bridge or an alternative to transplantation; their expansion is limited by costs, organizational burden, and by patient difficulties in accepting this therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Frigerio
- Cardiologia 2-Insufficienza Cardiaca e Trapianto, Dipartimento Cardiologico "A. De Gasperis", A.O. Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Milano.
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