1
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Schaffner SL, Casazza W, Artaud F, Konwar C, Merrill SM, Domenighetti C, Schulze-Hentrich JM, Lesage S, Brice A, Corvol JC, Mostafavi S, Dennis JK, Elbaz A, Kobor MS. Genetic variation and pesticide exposure influence blood DNA methylation signatures in females with early-stage Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:98. [PMID: 38714693 PMCID: PMC11076573 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Although sex, genetics, and exposures can individually influence risk for sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD), the joint contributions of these factors to the epigenetic etiology of PD have not been comprehensively assessed. Here, we profiled sex-stratified genome-wide blood DNAm patterns, SNP genotype, and pesticide exposure in agricultural workers (71 early-stage PD cases, 147 controls) and explored replication in three independent samples of varying demographics (n = 218, 222, and 872). Using a region-based approach, we found more associations of blood DNAm with PD in females (69 regions) than in males (2 regions, Δβadj| ≥0.03, padj ≤ 0.05). For 48 regions in females, models including genotype or genotype and pesticide exposure substantially improved in explaining interindividual variation in DNAm (padj ≤ 0.05), and accounting for these variables decreased the estimated effect of PD on DNAm. The results suggested that genotype, and to a lesser degree, genotype-exposure interactions contributed to variation in PD-associated DNAm. Our findings should be further explored in larger study populations and in experimental systems, preferably with precise measures of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Schaffner
- Edwin S. H. Leong Centre for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - W Casazza
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - F Artaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - C Konwar
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S M Merrill
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C Domenighetti
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - J M Schulze-Hentrich
- Department of Genetics/Epigenetics, Faculty NT, Saarland University, 66041, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - S Lesage
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, INSERM, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - A Brice
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, INSERM, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - J C Corvol
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, INSERM, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Brain Insitute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Department of Neurology and CIC Neurosciences, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - S Mostafavi
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Paul Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J K Dennis
- Edwin S. H. Leong Centre for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Elbaz
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - M S Kobor
- Edwin S. H. Leong Centre for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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2
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Arasteh A, Mostafavi S, Zununi Vahed S, Mostafavi Montazeri SS. An association between incontinence and antipsychotic drugs: A systematic review. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112027. [PMID: 34392083 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, due to the increasing prevalence of psychiatric diseases, the use of antipsychotic drugs has expanded. One of the proven side effects of these drugs is incontinence. Treatment of this complication improves the quality of life in these patients, increases self-confidence, and betters cope with their psychiatric illness. The exact mechanism of this side effect is not fully understood, but various methods have been used experimentally to deal with it. Strategies such as behavior therapy, discontinuation or change of drugs, reducing the dose of drugs, and adding drugs with less incontinence have been used. Each of these methods and studies has different results that need to be summarized to make optimal use of them. Since most of these reports are case reports with a low statistical population, our study has systematically reviewed these studies to find a comprehensive model to deal with this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Arasteh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soroush Mostafavi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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3
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Farzamikia N, Baradaran B, Mostafavi S, Ahmadian E, Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Zununi Vahed S, Ardalan M. Podocyte-derived microparticles in IgA nephropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111891. [PMID: 34237594 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticles are a general term for different types of cell plasma membrane-originated vesicles that are released into the extracellular environment. The paracrine action of these nano-sized vesicles is crucial for intercellular communications through the transfer of diverse lipids, cytosolic proteins, RNA as well as microRNAs. The progression of different diseases influences the composition, occurrence, and functions of these cell-derived particles. Podocyte injury has been shown to have an important role in the pathophysiology of many glomerular diseases including IgA nephropathy (IgAN). This review would focus on the possible potential of podocyte-derived microparticles detected in urine to be used as a diagnostic tool in IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Farzamikia
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soroush Mostafavi
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Ahmadian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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4
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Abediazar S, Mostafavi S, Razavi M, Rasi Hashemi SS, Hejazian SM, Jabbari R, Zununi Vahed S, Khalilov R, Noshad H, Ardalan M. Circulating and cellular levels of miR-193 and miR-217 in patients with common glomerular diseases. J Renal Inj Prev 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/jrip.2022.23778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The definitive diagnosis of the common types of glomerular disease including FSGS (focal segmental glomerulosclerosis) and MN (membranous nephropathy) is still performed by biopsy studies, which has high risks and complications. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can open a new horizon for the treatment and diagnosis of glomerular diseases. Objectives: In the present study, we focused on miR-217, miR-193-3p, and miR-124 expression in patients with FSGS and MN. Patients and Methods: Sixty cases (30 FSGS and 30 MN) were included based on strict criteria. A group of healthy controls were also included. The relative expression of the microRNAs was evaluated in the plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by quantitative real-time PCR. The association between the expression levels of microRNAs and clinicopathological parameters were also assessed. Results: There were significant differences in miR-193-3p levels between FSGS and MN group in plasma samples (P = 0.036). Furthermore, significantly decreased levels of miR-217 were observed in plasma samples of patients with NS (P = 0.026) and MN (P = 0.036) groups. Conclusion: The studied miRNAs are dysregulated in clinical samples of patients with nephrotic syndrome and they may be involved in the pathogenesis of FSGS and MN. More research is needed for understanding the relationship between these microRNAs and the pathogenesis of FSGS and MGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Abediazar
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soroush Mostafavi
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Razavi
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Seyyedeh Mina Hejazian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Jabbari
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Rovshan Khalilov
- Department of Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Joint Ukraine-Azerbaijan International Research and Education Center of Nanobiotechnology and Functional Nanosystems, Drohobych, Ukraine
| | - Hamid Noshad
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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5
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Zununi Vahed S, Mostafavi S, Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Shoja MM, Ardalan M. Vascular Calcification: An Important Understanding in Nephrology. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2020; 16:167-180. [PMID: 32494148 PMCID: PMC7229867 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s242685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a life-threatening state in chronic kidney disease (CKD). High cardiovascular mortality and morbidity of CKD cases may root from medial VC promoted by hyperphosphatemia. Vascular calcification is an active, highly regulated, and complex biological process that is mediated by genetics, epigenetics, dysregulated form of matrix mineral metabolism, hormones, and the activation of cellular signaling pathways. Moreover, gut microbiome as a source of uremic toxins (eg, phosphate, advanced glycation end products and indoxyl-sulfate) can be regarded as a potential contributor to VC in CKD. Here, an update on different cellular and molecular processes involved in VC in CKD is discussed to elucidate the probable therapeutic pathways in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soroush Mostafavi
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammadali M Shoja
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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6
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Hajalioghli P, Mostafavi S, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M. Ultrasonography in diagnosis of appendicitis and its complications in pediatric patients: a cross-sectional study. Ann Pediatr Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43159-020-00023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Appendicitis is a common cause of acute abdomen in pediatrics. Although various criteria have been suggested in early diagnosis of appendicitis, these criteria are not as applicable for pediatric patients. Because of this, imaging has an important role in the diagnosis of appendicitis in pediatric patients. The present study was conducted on 121 pediatric patients with possible diagnosis of appendicitis. All of the patients underwent initial evaluation and then underwent sonographic imaging. Sonography was used to assess the existence of signs associated with appendicitis, or its complications. Imaging findings were compared in patients with complications with those with complications. True false positive, false negative, true positive, and true negative values were calculated. Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography in determining appendicitis was evaluated.
Results
The mean age of children was 8.08 ± 3.25 years, with ages ranging from 3 to 14 years. Of the 121 children, 74(61.2%) were male and 47(38.8%) were female. In total, there were 3(2.4%) false positives and 2(1.6%) false negatives based on sonographic findings. There were also 54(44.6%) true positive and 62(51.2%) true negative based on sonographic findings. Based on the findings of ultrasound in this study, ultrasound sensitivity was 96.4%, specificity was 95.3%, positive predictive value was 94.7%, and negative predictive value was 96.8%.
Conclusion
Ultrasonography is indicated in the diagnosis of appendicitis in pediatric patients and has optimal sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis. Furthermore, it is a suitable diagnostic method for evaluating complications of appendicitis.
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7
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Ng B, White CC, Klein H, Sieberts SK, McCabe C, Patrick E, Xu J, Yu L, Gaiteri C, Bennett DA, Mostafavi S, De Jager PL. An xQTL map integrates the genetic architecture of the human brain's transcriptome and epigenome. Nat Neurosci 2017; 20:1418-1426. [PMID: 28869584 PMCID: PMC5785926 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report a multi-omic resource generated by applying quantitative trait locus (xQTL) analyses to RNA sequence, DNA methylation and histone acetylation data from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of 411 older adults who have all three data types. We identify SNPs significantly associated with gene expression, DNA methylation and histone modification levels. Many of these SNPs influence multiple molecular features, and we demonstrate that SNP effects on RNA expression are fully mediated by epigenetic features in 9% of these loci. Further, we illustrate the utility of our new resource, xQTL Serve, by using it to prioritize the cell type(s) most affected by an xQTL. We also reanalyze published genome wide association studies using an xQTL-weighted analysis approach and identify 18 new schizophrenia and 2 new bipolar susceptibility variants, which is more than double the number of loci that can be discovered with a larger blood-based expression eQTL resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ng
- Department of Statistics and Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - CC White
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H Klein
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA,Center for Translational & Systems Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - C McCabe
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - E Patrick
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Xu
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - L Yu
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - C Gaiteri
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - DA Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - S Mostafavi
- Department of Statistics and Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, CIFAR program in Child and Brain Development, Toronto, Canada,To whom the correspondence should be addressed to: and
| | - PL De Jager
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA,Center for Translational & Systems Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA,To whom the correspondence should be addressed to: and
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8
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Mostafavi S, Battle A, Zhu X, Potash JB, Weissman MM, Shi J, Beckman K, Haudenschild C, McCormick C, Mei R, Gameroff MJ, Gindes H, Adams P, Goes FS, Mondimore FM, MacKinnon DF, Notes L, Schweizer B, Furman D, Montgomery SB, Urban AE, Koller D, Levinson DF. Type I interferon signaling genes in recurrent major depression: increased expression detected by whole-blood RNA sequencing. Mol Psychiatry 2014; 19:1267-74. [PMID: 24296977 PMCID: PMC5404932 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2013.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A study of genome-wide gene expression in major depressive disorder (MDD) was undertaken in a large population-based sample to determine whether altered expression levels of genes and pathways could provide insights into biological mechanisms that are relevant to this disorder. Gene expression studies have the potential to detect changes that may be because of differences in common or rare genomic sequence variation, environmental factors or their interaction. We recruited a European ancestry sample of 463 individuals with recurrent MDD and 459 controls, obtained self-report and semi-structured interview data about psychiatric and medical history and other environmental variables, sequenced RNA from whole blood and genotyped a genome-wide panel of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We used analytical methods to identify MDD-related genes and pathways using all of these sources of information. In analyses of association between MDD and expression levels of 13 857 single autosomal genes, accounting for multiple technical, physiological and environmental covariates, a significant excess of low P-values was observed, but there was no significant single-gene association after genome-wide correction. Pathway-based analyses of expression data detected significant association of MDD with increased expression of genes in the interferon α/β signaling pathway. This finding could not be explained by potentially confounding diseases and medications (including antidepressants) or by computationally estimated proportions of white blood cell types. Although cause-effect relationships cannot be determined from these data, the results support the hypothesis that altered immune signaling has a role in the pathogenesis, manifestation, and/or the persistence and progression of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mostafavi
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - A Battle
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - X Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J B Potash
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - M M Weissman
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Shi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K Beckman
- Biomedical Genomics Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - R Mei
- Centrillion Biosciences, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - M J Gameroff
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - H Gindes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - P Adams
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - F S Goes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - F M Mondimore
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D F MacKinnon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Notes
- Depatment of Clinical Psychology, American University, Washington DC, DC, USA
| | - B Schweizer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Furman
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - S B Montgomery
- 1] Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA [2] Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - A E Urban
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - D Koller
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - D F Levinson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Goldenberg A, Mostafavi S, Quon G, Boutros PC, Morris QD. Unsupervised detection of genes of influence in lung cancer using biological networks. Bioinformatics 2011; 27:3166-72. [DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Knott S, Mostafavi S, Mousavi P. A neural network based approach for inference and verification of transcriptional regulatory interactions. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2006; 2006:5838-5841. [PMID: 17946339 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2006.259927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a comprehensive neural network based modeling and validation framework for reverse engineering gene regulatory interactions. We employ two approaches, Gene Set Stochastic Sampling and Sensitivity Analysis, to infer these interactions. We first apply these methods to a simulated artificial dataset to ensure their correctness and accuracy. True biological interactions are then modeled by analyzing a rat hippocampus development dataset. Finally, we present a thorough computational methodology to test the validity and robustness of the inferred regulations through novel assemblies of relevant testing datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Knott
- Dept. of Comput. Sci., Queen's Univ., Kingston, Ont., Canada.
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12
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Asgary S, Naderi GH, Sarrafzadegan N, Mohammadifard N, Mostafavi S, Vakili R. Antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic effects of Achillea wilhelmsii. Drugs Exp Clin Res 2001; 26:89-93. [PMID: 10941601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch (Asteraceae) is widely found in different parts of Iran. This plant is full of flavonoids and sesquiterpene lactones, which have been shown to be effective in lowering blood lipids and hypertension. We conducted a double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial to study the antihyperlipidemic and antihypertensive effects of Achillea drops. We randomly selected 120 men and women, aged 40-60 years, and divided them in two distinct groups of moderate hyperlipidemic and primary hypertensive subjects. They were treated either with hydroalcoholic extract or with placebo in the form of 15-20 drops twice daily for more than 6 months. Blood pressure and serum lipids (total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol) were measured in the groups for 3 periods of 2 months each. The mean and standard deviation of alternations in these variables between the group taking placebo and that taking drugs was calculated by Student's t-test. The results showed a significant decrease in triglycerides after of 2 months while decreases in triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were significant after 4 months. Levels of HDL-cholesterol were significantly increased after 6 months' treatment. A significant decrease was observed in diastolic and systolic blood pressure after 2 and 6 months, respectively (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Asgary
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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13
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Abstract
Beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs are widely used as effective antihypertensive and antianginal agents. We have determined the effect of beta-blockade in the rat to ascertain whether there are differences between metoprolol (MET) and acebutolol (AC) with respect to regional blood flow (RBF). Both AC and MET were administered as a single or multiple intravenous (iv) doses in Sprague-Dawley rats. Microspheres labelled with (85)Sr and (141)Ce were used to measure cardiac output (CO) and RBF before and after drug administration. CO and RBF were measured 1 and 10 min after the i.v. administration of AC (30 mg/kg) and MET (10 mg/kg). After acute administration of MET, CO decreased by 65% and 31% after 1 and 10 min measurements, respectively. These values were 54% and 28% for AC as compared with baseline values. After chronic administration of either AC or MET, however, there were no significant reductions in CO as compared with saline. Both MET and AC significantly reduced RBF in most organs either after 1 or 10 min measurements when compared with the baseline values. It is concluded that both AC and MET reduced CO and RBF after acute administration. The CO and RBF however, returned to normal after chronic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mostafavi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2N8.
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Sarraf-Zadegan N, Boshtam M, Malekafzali H, Bashardoost N, Sayed-Tabatabaei FA, Rafiei M, Khalili A, Mostafavi S, Khami M, Hassanvand R. Secular trends in cardiovascular mortality in Iran, with special reference to Isfahan. Acta Cardiol 1999; 54:327-33. [PMID: 10672288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There has been a general decline in mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in most of the developed countries since the beginning of the 1970s. Still, in recent years developing countries have seen an increasing frequency in CVD mortality. However, mortality rate studies in these populations are scarce. Here we report all-cause and CVD mortality rates for men and women aged 25-74 years over a 16-year period in 24 cities in Iran with special reference to the city of Isfahan. METHODS AND RESULTS The study was based on national death records using the ninth international classification of diseases and age standardization was performed using the total population of Iran in 1985 as a standard. Due to limitations in available data, mortality rates for the specific categories of CVD for the whole country could not be provided. The in-hospital death rates following myocardial infarction in coronary care units (CCUs) and cardiology departments in Isfahan hospitals were also assessed. The completed medical records from hospitals or the relatives of decedents were reviewed by physicians certified in internal medicine, cardiology and neurology to assess the reliability of death certificate data regarding CVD by determining the sensitivity and specificity of the death certificates against the standard of the reviewers. The official circulatory diseases proportional mortality ratio continues to rise since 1981 with a steep increase since 1987, constituting 26.6% and 47.3% of all deaths in 1981 and 1995, respectively. Age-adjusted all-cause and CVD mortality data were decreasing since 1981 and increasing since 1990. During those years age-adjusted CVD, stroke and other CVD mortality rates were decreasing in Isfahan with a slight increase in ischaemic heart disease (IHD) death rates in both sexes. Mortality rates based on sex showed a 38% and 24.8% decline in all-cause and CVD mortality in men between 1981 to 1995, and a 35% and 34.9% decline for female mortality rates for the same period, respectively. The in-hospital death rate following myocardial infarction in Isfahan was increasing between 1993 and 1995 with a slight decrease thereafter. The results of death certification assessment showed a specificity of 0.89 and a sensitivity of 0.43 with the positive and negative predictive values of 0.82 and 0.57, respectively. CONCLUSION These data indicate that circulatory diseases remain a serious public health threat in Iran. It suggests the ongoing need for more regular, systematic and innovative surveillance data to improve the capability of measuring, explaining and predicting the disease trend on which the national public health policy depends.
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Sarraf-Zadegan N, Boshtam M, Mostafavi S, Rafiei M. Prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors in Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J 1999; 5:992-1001. [PMID: 10983540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the mean levels of blood pressure and prevalence rates of hypertension and to identify differences in the prevalence of other risk factors in hypertensive and nonhypertensive people. A total of 8624 men and women > or = 19 years were randomly selected. Overall, 18.0% (16.8% males and 19.4% females) had systemic hypertension. The mean levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension increased with age, but no significant differences were found between the sexes when adjusted for body mass index. There was a high prevalence of obesity, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes mellitus among hypertensive people compared with nonhypertensive. Our study suggests that the prevalence of hypertension in Isfahan is greater than supposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sarraf-Zadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Abstract
Mucoid impaction of tracheobronchial tree is a common condition which may complicate tracheostomy. Here we describe a case of a 72-year-old man, status after tracheostomy, who presented to the hospital with an acute upper airways obstruction and respiratory arrest due to a tracheal cast. The cast was successfully dislodged by the Nd-Yag laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mostafavi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine 90048
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Mostafavi S, Lieberman J. Intermediate alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency with apical lung bullae and spontaneous pneumothorax. Presence of a Z variant in an American black. Chest 1991; 99:1545-6. [PMID: 2036855 DOI: 10.1378/chest.99.6.1545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A 43-year-old black man had an 18-year history of apical lung cystic-bullous disease. Following two episodes of spontaneous pneumothorax and two instances of thoracotomy for bullectomy and pleural abrasion, he was found to have an intermediate AAT deficiency with an MZ phenotype. It is believed that this is the first case of localized bullous lung disease to be reported in association with any degree of AAT deficiency. There is evidence that the cystic lesions progressed to form upper lobe bullae. It is postulated that the AAT deficiency may have played a role in this progression, as did the patient's cigarette smoking. Following two instances of surgery, CT scans of the lungs, compliance studies and complete pulmonary function tests show no further evidence of lung bullae or emphysema. The rarity of the Z variant of AAT in blacks is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mostafavi
- Respiratory Disease Division, VA Medical Center, Sepulveda, California 91343
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