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Sefrioui MR, Elidrissi I, El Othmani IS, Derfoufi S, Said AAH, Benmoussa A, Derraji S. Profile of autism spectrum disorders in Morocco: cross-sectional retrospective study of parents of children with autism. Med Pharm Rep 2023; 96:71-78. [PMID: 36818321 PMCID: PMC9924813 DOI: 10.15386/mpr-2308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Context and objective In Morocco, autism is a frequent disorder and no epidemiological studies have been carried out. The aim of this work is to analyze the characteristics of the onset of autism in children. Settings and Design We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study, spread over a period of 10 months. Methods We included in our survey children who, according to the DSM 5 definition, had one of the autism spectrum disorders and had a well-defined diagnosis. For the statistical analysis we used Excel® software. We used the percentages for the description of the qualitative variables. Results Of the parents of children with ASD, 49% were biological mothers. Of these, 30% women had their child when they were between 30 and 35 years of age. Males accounted for 61% of children with a sex ratio of 2.6. The first autistic traits appeared at the age of 18 months for 22% of our population. Of mothers with children with ASD, 83% had regular medical follow-up throughout their pregnancy. All autistic children in our population were vaccinated according to the National Immunization Program. According to parent reports, 70% affirmed that the first autistic features appeared after vaccination with the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, knowing that this statement is not based on evidence. Conclusions The quality of care depends on the age at which the diagnosis of autism is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Réda Sefrioui
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical and Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Imane Elidrissi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ibrahim Sbai El Othmani
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical and Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sanae Derfoufi
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical and Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Amal Ait Haj Said
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical and Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Adnane Benmoussa
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical and Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Soufiane Derraji
- Laboratory of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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Sefrioui MR, El Othmani IS, Filali H, Derfoufi S, Derraji S, Benmoussa A, Said AAH. Evaluation of spermicidal activity of saponosides from Saponaria officinalis/Caryophyllaceae, Glycyrrhizia glabra/Fabaceae and Herniaria glabra/Caryophyllaceae. Med Pharm Rep 2021; 94:239-247. [PMID: 34013196 PMCID: PMC8118205 DOI: 10.15386/mpr-1879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Chemical spermicides currently marketed and widely used are known to have many side effects. Thereby, and in order to look for more tolerated natural spermicidal agents, the aim of this work was to evaluate the spermicidal potential of saponin extracts from the roots of Saponaria officinalis/Caryophyllaceae, Glycyrrhizia glabra/Fabaceae, and Herniaria glabra/Caryophyllaceae by studying their in vitro effects on sperm mobility and vitality. Methods Methanolic saponin extracts from the plants roots were performed. Sperm suspensions were prepared by centrifugation on a PureSperm® density gradient (70 and 45%) and incubated with various concentrations of saponin extracts (50, 250, 500 and 750 μg/mL) at 37°C. The spermicidal activity was evaluated by studying the mobility and vitality of spermatozoa at different time intervals ranging from 10 to 240 minutes. Results A dose and time dependent effect on sperm mobility and vitality was observed for our extracts. Extracts from Saponaria officinalis roots induced an irreversible immobilization and a total non-viability of sperm within 10 minutes at a concentration of 750 μg/mL. A similar effect was observed within 30 minutes at 750 μg/mL for Herniaria glabra extract and within 90 minutes at 500 μg/ml for Glycyrrhizia glabra extract. Conclusion The results of our study showed that the saponin extracts of our plants roots possess potent in vitro dose and time dependant spermicidal effect. These natural products could therefore represent a safer and better tolerated alternative to chemical spermicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Réda Sefrioui
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical and Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Ibrahim Sbai El Othmani
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical and Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Halima Filali
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical and Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sanae Derfoufi
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical and Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Soufiane Derraji
- Laboratory of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Adnane Benmoussa
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical and Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Amal Ait Haj Said
- Laboratory of Drug Science, Biomedical and Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
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Marmouzi I, El Karbane M, El Hamdani M, Kharbach M, Naceiri Mrabti H, Alami R, Dahraoui S, El Jemli M, Ouzzif Z, Cherrah Y, Derraji S, Faouzi MEA. Phytochemical and pharmacological variability in Golden Thistle functional parts: comparative study of roots, stems, leaves and flowers. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:2669-2674. [PMID: 28152614 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1283494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Scolymus hispanicus or the Golden Thistle, locally known as 'Guernina' or 'Taghediwt', is one of the most appreciated wild vegetables in Morocco. This study aims to characterise the functional chemical and pharmacological variability of Scolymus hispanicus parts (roots, stems, leaves and flowers). The chemical analysis revealed higher content of α-tocopherol in the flowers (2.79 ± 0.07 mg/100 g) and lead to the identification of 3 flavonoids and 13 phenolic acids, with high content of gallic acid in leaves (187.01 ± 10.19 mg/kg); chlorogenic (936.18 ± 92.66 mg/kg) and caffeic (4400.14 ± 191.43 mg/kg) acids in flowers, roots were much more higher in sinapic acid (0.25 ± 0.03 mg/kg) compared to the other parts. Moreover, Scolymus hispanicus ethanolic extracts exhibited interesting antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, promising anti-amylase and anti-glucosidase activities and relevant diuretic effect that confirms its traditional uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Marmouzi
- a Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie , Mohammed V University in Rabat , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Miloud El Karbane
- b Laboratoire de Contrôle de Qualité de Médicament, Division de Médicament et Pharmacie, Ministère de santé , Service de Physicochimie , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Maha El Hamdani
- c Faculté des Sciences Kénitra , Université Ibn Tofail , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Mourad Kharbach
- d Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team , Mohammed V University in Rabat , Rabat , Morocco.,e Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, CePhaR , Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- a Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie , Mohammed V University in Rabat , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Rachid Alami
- a Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie , Mohammed V University in Rabat , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Souhail Dahraoui
- f Biochemistry Department , Military Hospital Mohammed V , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Meryem El Jemli
- a Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie , Mohammed V University in Rabat , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Zhor Ouzzif
- f Biochemistry Department , Military Hospital Mohammed V , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Yahia Cherrah
- a Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie , Mohammed V University in Rabat , Rabat , Morocco
| | - Soufiane Derraji
- a Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie , Mohammed V University in Rabat , Rabat , Morocco
| | - My El Abbes Faouzi
- a Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie , Mohammed V University in Rabat , Rabat , Morocco
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