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Lazzaro C, Fattore G, Barberis M, Buttitta F, Cassoni P, Graziano P, Marchetti A, Crema S, Dal Pero F, Papotti MG. Full cost of diagnostic pathology for lung carcinoma in Italy: results from four Pathology Units. Pathologica 2023; 115:83-89. [PMID: 36790110 PMCID: PMC10463002 DOI: 10.32074/1591-951x-837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To calculate the full cost of diagnostic pathology tests for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) across four Italian Pathology Units. Methods Pathology Units were located in private (2) and public (2) hospitals distributed across the Italian territory (North: 2; Centre: 1; South: 1). Pathologists provided via questionnaire data on tests on NSCLC samples along with the identification and quantification of the necessary healthcare resources (diagnostic technologies, laboratory instruments and personnel). Resources were valued according to hospital-specific unit, yearly and hourly costs (disposables; technologies; professional clusters). Results The full cost per NSCLC tissue sample included histopathological immunophenotypic and required molecular analysis. Overall, it reached € 659.77 and it was mainly composed of direct costs (77.69%). The processing of a NSCLC tissue sample was labour intensive, as a relevant share of the full cost (44.98%) was actually due to personnel costs, with laboratory technicians, biologists and pathologist driving this finding (17.09%,12.43% and 10.81%, respectively). Conclusions The results of this research can facilitate the negotiation of new dedicated tariffs for NSCLC sample processing with the national or local third party-payers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Lazzaro
- Studio di Economia Sanitaria, Milan, Italy
- School of Pharmacology, Biology and Biotechnologies Department “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fattore
- Department of Social and Political Sciences, Università “Luigi Bocconi”, Milan, Italy
- CeRGAS, Centre for Research on Health and Social Care Management-SDA, Università “Luigi Bocconi”, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Barberis
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Fiamma Buttitta
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Division of Pathology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Graziano
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Marchetti
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Stefania Crema
- Digital Customer Success Manager, Roche Diagnostics S.p.A., Monza, Italy
| | - Francesca Dal Pero
- National Sales RTD Seq & Lab Consulting, Roche Diagnostics S.p.A., Monza, Italy
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Llena M, Vericat D, Cavalli M, Crema S, Smith MW. The effects of land use and topographic changes on sediment connectivity in mountain catchments. Sci Total Environ 2019; 660:899-912. [PMID: 30743975 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the evolution of sediment connectivity associated with different land use and topographic changes is a prerequisite for a better understanding of sediment budgets and sediment transport processes. We used the Index of Sediment Connectivity (IC) developed by Cavalli et al. (2013) based on the original approach by Borselli et al. (2008) to study the effects of decadal-scale land use and topographic changes on sediment connectivity in mountain catchments. The input variables of the IC (i.e. land cover and topography) were derived from historical aerial photos using Structure from Motion-Multi View Stereo algorithms (SfM-MVS). The method was applied in different sub-catchments of the Upper River Cinca Catchment (Central Pyrenees), representative of three scenarios: (a) Land cover changes; (b) Topographic changes in agricultural fields (terracing); and (c) Topographic changes associated with infrastructure (road construction). In terms of land cover changes, results show that although connectivity is increased in some areas due to the establishment of new field crops, for most of the study area connectivity decreased due to afforestation caused by rural abandonment. Topographic changes due to the establishment of agricultural terraces affected connectivity to a larger degree than land cover changes. Terracing generally reduced connectivity due to the formation of flat areas in step-slopes, but in certain points, an increase in connectivity caused by the topographic convergence produced by terraces was observed. Finally, topographic changes associated with road construction greatly modified surface flow directions and the drainage network, resulting in changes in connectivity that may affect erosional processes nearby. The methodology used in this paper allows to study the effects of real decadal-scale land use and topographic changes on sediment connectivity and also evaluating and disentangling those changes. Furthermore, this approach can be a useful tool to identify potential risks associated with morphological and land use changes, involving road infrastructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Llena
- Fluvial Dynamics Research Group, Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | - D Vericat
- Serra Húnter Fellow, Fluvial Dynamics Research Group, Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia, Solsona, Spain
| | - M Cavalli
- Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection, Padova, Italy
| | - S Crema
- Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection, Padova, Italy
| | - M W Smith
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Scorpio V, Crema S, Marra F, Righini M, Ciccarese G, Borga M, Cavalli M, Corsini A, Marchi L, Surian N, Comiti F. Basin-scale analysis of the geomorphic effectiveness of flash floods: A study in the northern Apennines (Italy). Sci Total Environ 2018; 640-641:337-351. [PMID: 29860007 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Large floods may produce remarkable channel changes, which determine damages and casualties in inhabited areas. However, our knowledge of such processes remains poor, as is our capability to predict them. This study analyses the geomorphic response of the Nure River (northern Italy) and nine tributaries to a high-magnitude flood that occurred in September 2015. The adopted multi-disciplinary approach encompassed: (i) hydrological and hydraulic analysis; (ii) analysis of sediment delivery to the stream network by means of landslides mapping; (iii) assessment of morphological modifications of the channels, including both channel width and bed elevation changes. The spatial distribution of rainfall showed that the largest rainfall amounts occur in the upper portions of the catchment, with cumulative rainfall reaching 300 mm in 12 h, and recurrence intervals exceeding 100-150 years. The unit peak discharge ranged between 5.2 and 25 m3 s-1 km-2. Channel widening was the most evident effect. In the tributaries, the ratio between post-flood and pre-flood channel width averaged 3.3, with a maximum approaching 20. Widening was associated with channel aggradation up to 1.5 m and removal of riparian vegetation. New islands formed due to the fragmentation of the former floodplain. In the Nure River, the average width ratio was 1.7, and here widening occurred mainly at the expenses of islands. Bed level dynamics in the Nure were varied, including aggradation, incision, and overall stability. The flood geomorphic effectiveness was more pronounced in the middle-higher portions of the basin. Planimetric and elevation changes were well correlated. Regression analysis of the relationship between widening and morphological/ hydraulic controlling factors indicated that unit stream power and confinement index were the most relevant variables. The study provides useful insights for river management, especially with regard to the proportion of the valley floor subject to erosion and/or deposition during large events.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Scorpio
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - S Crema
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Research Institute for Geo-hydrological Protection, National Research Council (CNR IRPI), Padova, Italy.
| | - F Marra
- Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - M Righini
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - G Ciccarese
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - M Borga
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - M Cavalli
- Research Institute for Geo-hydrological Protection, National Research Council (CNR IRPI), Padova, Italy.
| | - A Corsini
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - L Marchi
- Research Institute for Geo-hydrological Protection, National Research Council (CNR IRPI), Padova, Italy.
| | - N Surian
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - F Comiti
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy.
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Turin L, Tribbioli G, Invernizzi P, Grati FR, Crema S, Laible G, Riva F. Fetal Microchimerism in Normal and Embryo Transfer Bovine Pregnancies. Vet Res Commun 2007; 31 Suppl 1:205-7. [PMID: 17682876 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-007-0095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Turin
- Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Igiene e Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria, Università di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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