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Sestito S, Brodosi L, Ferraro S, Carella R, De Giovanni D, Mita D, Moretti M, Moricca MT, Concolino D, Tummolo A. Benefits of a prolonged-release amino acid mixture in four pregnant women with phenylketonuria. Nutr Health 2024:2601060241248522. [PMID: 38651794 DOI: 10.1177/02601060241248522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Background: Maternal phenylketonuria (mPKU) is a pathologic condition occurring in the fetus of a mother with PKU that is caused by prolonged elevated intrauterine blood phenylalanine (Phe) levels, which can lead to congenital abnormalities and mental retardation of newborns. Management of PKU during pregnancy can be challenging as protein substitutes may exacerbate nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Aim: To report the successful management of four PKU pregnant women. Methods: The patients were administered with prolonged-release amino acid supplementation and were recommended to follow a strict diet. Blood Phe concentration, adherence to diet, and occurrence of adverse events were monitored. Results: All patients achieved safe levels of blood Phe concentration (120-360 µmol/L) since preconception and during pregnancy (mean Phe concentration values of 143.34 ± 137.59, 226.48 ± 194.57, 186.68 ± 133.67, and 187.47 ± 42.59 µmol/L). During the first trimester of pregnancy, all patients manifested gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, gastrointestinal reflux, and abdominal bloating, which were managed by either changing protein substitute or extending the time window between different meals and amino acid mixtures administration. The four women continued their pregnancies without experiencing further complications and delivered neonates with normal growth parameters and no malformations. Conclusion: Findings of this case series suggest that the intake of a prolonged-release amino acid mixture in granules is well tolerated by pregnant PKU patients, eventually leading to good metabolic control and fetal growth within normal ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Sestito
- UOC Pediatria Specialistica e Malattie Rare, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lucia Brodosi
- SSD Nutrizione Clinica e Metabolismo - IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- UOC Pediatria Specialistica e Malattie Rare, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosa Carella
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Genetics and Diabetology, Giovanni XXIII Children Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale, Bari, Italy
| | - Donatella De Giovanni
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Genetics and Diabetology, Giovanni XXIII Children Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale, Bari, Italy
| | - Dorina Mita
- SSD Nutrizione Clinica e Metabolismo - IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Moretti
- SSD Nutrizione Clinica e Metabolismo - IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Moricca
- UOC Pediatria Specialistica e Malattie Rare, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela Concolino
- UOC Pediatria Specialistica e Malattie Rare, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Albina Tummolo
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Genetics and Diabetology, Giovanni XXIII Children Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale, Bari, Italy
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Nigri A, Stanziano M, Fedeli D, Manera U, Ferraro S, Medina Carrion JP, Palermo S, Lequio L, Denegri F, Agosta F, Spinelli EG, Filippi M, Grisoli M, Valentini MC, De Mattei F, Canosa A, Calvo A, Chiò A, Bruzzone MG, Moglia C. Distinct neural signatures of pulvinar in C9orf72 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mutation carriers and noncarriers. Eur J Neurol 2024:e16266. [PMID: 38469975 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Thalamic alterations have been reported as a major feature in presymptomatic and symptomatic patients carrying the C9orf72 mutation across the frontotemporal dementia-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) spectrum. Specifically, the pulvinar, a high-order thalamic nucleus and timekeeper for large-scale cortical networks, has been hypothesized to be involved in C9orf72-related neurodegenerative diseases. We investigated whether pulvinar volume can be useful for differential diagnosis in ALS C9orf72 mutation carriers and noncarriers and how underlying functional connectivity changes affect this region. METHODS We studied 19 ALS C9orf72 mutation carriers (ALSC9+) accurately matched with wild-type ALS (ALSC9-) and ALS mimic (ALSmimic) patients using structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. Pulvinar volume was computed using automatic segmentation. Seed-to-voxel functional connectivity analyses were performed using seeds from a pulvinar functional parcellation. RESULTS Pulvinar structural integrity had high discriminative values for ALSC9+ patients compared to ALSmimic (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.86) and ALSC9- (AUC = 0.77) patients, yielding a volume cutpoint of approximately 0.23%. Compared to ALSmimic, ALSC9- showed increased anterior, inferior, and lateral pulvinar connections with bilateral occipital-temporal-parietal regions, whereas ALSC9+ showed no differences. ALSC9+ patients when compared to ALSC9- patients showed reduced pulvinar-occipital connectivity for anterior and inferior pulvinar seeds. CONCLUSIONS Pulvinar volume could be a differential biomarker closely related to the C9orf72 mutation. A pulvinar-cortical circuit dysfunction might play a critical role in disease progression and development, in both the genetic phenotype and ALS wild-type patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Stanziano
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Fedeli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Manera
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
- School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Sara Palermo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Lequio
- Neuroradiology Unit, CTO Hospital, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Denegri
- Neuroradiology Unit, CTO Hospital, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Gioele Spinelli
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Grisoli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Consuelo Valentini
- Neuroradiology Unit, CTO Hospital, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo De Mattei
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
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Bore MC, Liu X, Gan X, Wang L, Xu T, Ferraro S, Li L, Zhou B, Zhang J, Vatansever D, Biswal B, Klugah-Brown B, Becker B. Distinct neurofunctional alterations during motivational and hedonic processing of natural and monetary rewards in depression - a neuroimaging meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2024; 54:639-651. [PMID: 37997708 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723003410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Reward processing dysfunctions are considered a candidate mechanism underlying anhedonia and apathy in depression. Neuroimaging studies have documented that neurofunctional alterations in mesocorticolimbic circuits may neurally mediate these dysfunctions. However, common and distinct neurofunctional alterations during motivational and hedonic evaluation of monetary and natural rewards in depression have not been systematically examined. Here, we capitalized on pre-registered neuroimaging meta-analyses to (1) establish general reward-related neural alterations in depression, (2) determine common and distinct alterations during the receipt and anticipation of monetary v. natural rewards, and, (3) characterize the differences on the behavioral, network, and molecular level. The pre-registered meta-analysis (https://osf.io/ay3r9) included 633 depressed patients and 644 healthy controls and revealed generally decreased subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and striatal reactivity toward rewards in depression. Subsequent comparative analyses indicated that monetary rewards led to decreased hedonic reactivity in the right ventral caudate while natural rewards led to decreased reactivity in the bilateral putamen in depressed individuals. These regions exhibited distinguishable profiles on the behavioral, network, and molecular level. Further analyses demonstrated that the right thalamus and left putamen showed decreased activation during the anticipation of monetary reward. The present results indicate that distinguishable neurofunctional alterations may neurally mediate reward-processing alterations in depression, in particular, with respect to monetary and natural rewards. Given that natural rewards prevail in everyday life, our findings suggest that reward-type specific interventions are warranted and challenge the generalizability of experimental tasks employing monetary incentives to capture reward dysregulations in everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Chepngetich Bore
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiqin Liu
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianyang Gan
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyuan Li
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Deniz Vatansever
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Bharat Biswal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Benjamin Klugah-Brown
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Benjamin Becker
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Stanziano M, Fedeli D, Manera U, Ferraro S, Medina Carrion JP, Palermo S, Sciortino P, Cogoni M, Agosta F, Basaia S, Filippi M, Grisoli M, Valentini MC, De Mattei F, Canosa A, Calvo A, Bruzzone MG, Chiò A, Nigri A, Moglia C. Resting-state fMRI functional connectome of C9orf72 mutation status. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:686-697. [PMID: 38234062 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The resting-state functional connectome has not been extensively investigated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) spectrum disease, in particular in relationship with patients' genetic status. METHODS Here we studied the network-to-network connectivity of 19 ALS patients carrying the C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion (C9orf72+), 19 ALS patients not affected by C9orf72 mutation (C9orf72-), and 19 ALS-mimic patients (ALSm) well-matched for demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS When compared with ALSm, we observed greater connectivity of the default mode and frontoparietal networks with the visual network for C9orf72+ patients (P = 0.001). Moreover, the whole-connectome showed greater node degree (P < 0.001), while sensorimotor cortices resulted isolated in C9orf72+. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest a crucial involvement of extra-motor functions in ALS spectrum disease. In particular, alterations of the visual cortex may have a pathogenic role in C9orf72-related ALS. The prominent feature of these patients would be increased visual system connectivity with the networks responsible of the functional balance between internal and external attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Stanziano
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Fedeli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Manera
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jean P Medina Carrion
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Palermo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Sciortino
- Neuroradiology Unit, CTO Hospital, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cogoni
- Neuroradiology Unit, CTO Hospital, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Basaia
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Grisoli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria C Valentini
- Neuroradiology Unit, CTO Hospital, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo De Mattei
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria G Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
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Errante A, Ferraro S, Demichelis G, Pinardi C, Stanziano M, Sattin D, Rossi Sebastiano D, Rozzi S, D’Incerti L, Catricalà E, Leonardi M, Bruzzone MG, Fogassi L, Nigri A. Brain activation during processing of mouth actions in patients with disorders of consciousness. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae045. [PMID: 38434219 PMCID: PMC10907975 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past 2 decades, several attempts have been made to promote a correct diagnosis and possible restorative interventions in patients suffering from disorders of consciousness. Sensory stimulation has been proved to be useful in sustaining the level of arousal/awareness and to improve behavioural responsiveness with a significant effect on oro-motor functions. Recently, action observation has been proposed as a stimulation strategy in patients with disorders of consciousness, based on neurophysiological evidence that the motor cortex can be activated not only during action execution but also when actions are merely observed in the absence of motor output, or during listening to action sounds and speech. This mechanism is provided by the activity of mirror neurons. In the present study, a group of patients with disorders of consciousness (11 males, 4 females; median age: 55 years; age range: 19-74 years) underwent task-based functional MRI in which they had, in one condition, to observe and listen to the sound of mouth actions, and in another condition, to listen to verbs with motor or abstract content. In order to verify the presence of residual activation of the mirror neuron system, the brain activations of patients were compared with that of a group of healthy individuals (seven males, eight females; median age: 33.4 years; age range: 24-65 years) performing the same tasks. The results show that brain activations were lower in patients with disorders of consciousness compared with controls, except for primary auditory areas. During the audiovisual task, 5 out of 15 patients with disorders of consciousness showed only residual activation of low-level visual and auditory areas. Activation of high-level parieto-premotor areas was present in six patients. During the listening task, three patients showed only low-level activations, and six patients activated also high-level areas. Interestingly, in both tasks, one patient with a clinical diagnosis of vegetative state showed activations of high-level areas. Region of interest analysis on blood oxygen level dependent signal change in temporal, parietal and premotor cortex revealed a significant linear relation with the level of clinical functioning, assessed with coma recovery scale-revised. We propose a classification of the patient's response based on the presence of low-level and high-level activations, combined with the patient's functional level. These findings support the use of action observation and listening as possible stimulation strategies in patients with disorders of consciousness and highlight the relevance of combined methods based on functional assessment and brain imaging to provide more detailed neuroanatomical specificity about residual activated areas at both cortical and subcortical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Errante
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731 Chengdu, China
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Demichelis
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pinardi
- Health Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Stanziano
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Neurosciences Department ‘Rita Levi Montalcini’, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Sattin
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Rossi Sebastiano
- Neurophysiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Rozzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Ludovico D’Incerti
- Neuroradiology Unit, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer—University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Eleonora Catricalà
- ICoN Cognitive Neuroscience Center, IUSS, Institute for Advances Studies, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Disability Unit and Coma Research Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Fogassi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
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6
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Ferraro S, Nigri A, Bruzzone MG, Medina Carrion JP, Fedeli D, Demichelis G, Chiapparini L, Ciullo G, Gonzalez AA, Proietti Cecchini A, Giani L, Becker B, Leone M. Involvement of the ipsilateral-to-the-pain anterior-superior hypothalamic subunit in chronic cluster headache. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:7. [PMID: 38212704 PMCID: PMC10782620 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite hypothalamus has long being considered to be involved in the pathophysiology of cluster headache, the inconsistencies of previous neuroimaging studies and a limited understanding of the hypothalamic areas involved, impede a comprehensive interpretation of its involvement in this condition. METHODS We used an automated algorithm to extract hypothalamic subunit volumes from 105 cluster headache patients (57 chronic and 48 episodic) and 59 healthy individuals; after correcting the measures for the respective intracranial volumes, we performed the relevant comparisons employing logist regression models. Only for subunits that emerged as abnormal, we calculated their correlation with the years of illness and the number of headache attacks per day, and the effects of lithium treatment. As a post-hoc approach, using the 7 T resting-state fMRI dataset from the Human Connectome Project, we investigated whether the observed abnormal subunit, comprising the paraventricular nucleus and preoptic area, shows robust functional connectivity with the mesocorticolimbic system, which is known to be modulated by oxytocin neurons in the paraventricular nucleus and that is is abnormal in chronic cluster headache patients. RESULTS Patients with chronic (but not episodic) cluster headache, compared to control participants, present an increased volume of the anterior-superior hypothalamic subunit ipsilateral to the pain, which, remarkably, also correlates significantly with the number of daily attacks. The post-hoc approach showed that this hypothalamic area presents robust functional connectivity with the mesocorticolimbic system under physiological conditions. No evidence of the effects of lithium treatment on this abnormal subunit was found. CONCLUSIONS We identified the ipsilateral-to-the-pain antero-superior subunit, where the paraventricular nucleus and preoptic area are located, as the key hypothalamic region of the pathophysiology of chronic cluster headache. The significant correlation between the volume of this area and the number of daily attacks crucially reinforces this interpretation. The well-known roles of the paraventricular nucleus in coordinating autonomic and neuroendocrine flow in stress adaptation and modulation of trigeminovascular mechanisms offer important insights into the understanding of the pathophysiology of cluster headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Ferraro
- School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
| | - Jean Paul Medina Carrion
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Fedeli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Demichelis
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
- Radiology Unit, Fodazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ciullo
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ariosky Areces Gonzalez
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Pinar del Río "Hermanos Saiz Montes de Oca", Pinar del Río, Cuba
| | | | - Luca Giani
- Department of Neurology, Fondazione Maugeri, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Benjamin Becker
- School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Massimo Leone
- Department of Neuroalgology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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Zhuang Q, Qiao L, Xu L, Yao S, Chen S, Zheng X, Li J, Fu M, Li K, Vatansever D, Ferraro S, Kendrick KM, Becker B. The right inferior frontal gyrus as pivotal node and effective regulator of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical response inhibition circuit. Psychoradiology 2023; 3:kkad016. [PMID: 38666118 PMCID: PMC10917375 DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkad016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background The involvement of specific basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits in response inhibition has been extensively mapped in animal models. However, the pivotal nodes and directed causal regulation within this inhibitory circuit in humans remains controversial. Objective The main aim of the present study was to determine the causal information flow and critical nodes in the basal ganglia-thalamocortical inhibitory circuits and also to examine whether these are modulated by biological factors (i.e. sex) and behavioral performance. Methods Here, we capitalize on the recent progress in robust and biologically plausible directed causal modeling (DCM-PEB) and a large response inhibition dataset (n = 250) acquired with concomitant functional magnetic resonance imaging to determine key nodes, their causal regulation and modulation via biological variables (sex) and inhibitory performance in the inhibitory circuit encompassing the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), caudate nucleus (rCau), globus pallidum (rGP), and thalamus (rThal). Results The entire neural circuit exhibited high intrinsic connectivity and response inhibition critically increased causal projections from the rIFG to both rCau and rThal. Direct comparison further demonstrated that response inhibition induced an increasing rIFG inflow and increased the causal regulation of this region over the rCau and rThal. In addition, sex and performance influenced the functional architecture of the regulatory circuits such that women displayed increased rThal self-inhibition and decreased rThal to GP modulation, while better inhibitory performance was associated with stronger rThal to rIFG communication. Furthermore, control analyses did not reveal a similar key communication in a left lateralized model. Conclusions Together, these findings indicate a pivotal role of the rIFG as input and causal regulator of subcortical response inhibition nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhuang
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 311121, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Lei Xu
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, China
| | - Shuxia Yao
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
| | - Shuaiyu Chen
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 311121, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zheng
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jialin Li
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
| | - Meina Fu
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
| | - Keshuang Li
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Deniz Vatansever
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
| | - Keith M Kendrick
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Benjamin Becker
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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8
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Borrelli P, Savini G, Cavaliere C, Palesi F, Grazia Bruzzone M, Aquino D, Biagi L, Bosco P, Carne I, Ferraro S, Giulietti G, Napolitano A, Nigri A, Pavone L, Pirastru A, Redolfi A, Tagliavini F, Tosetti M, Salvatore M, Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott CAM, Aiello M. Normative values of the topological metrics of the structural connectome: A multi-site reproducibility study across the Italian Neuroscience network. Phys Med 2023; 112:102610. [PMID: 37331082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.102610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of topological metrics to derive quantitative descriptors from structural connectomes is receiving increasing attention but deserves specific studies to investigate their reproducibility and variability in the clinical context. This work exploits the harmonization of diffusion-weighted acquisition for neuroimaging data performed by the Italian Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Network initiative to obtain normative values of topological metrics and to investigate their reproducibility and variability across centers. METHODS Different topological metrics, at global and local level, were calculated on multishell diffusion-weighted data acquired at high-field (e.g. 3 T) Magnetic Resonance Imaging scanners in 13 different centers, following the harmonization of the acquisition protocol, on young and healthy adults. A "traveling brains" dataset acquired on a subgroup of subjects at 3 different centers was also analyzed as reference data. All data were processed following a common processing pipeline that includes data pre-processing, tractography, generation of structural connectomes and calculation of graph-based metrics. The results were evaluated both with statistical analysis of variability and consistency among sites with the traveling brains range. In addition, inter-site reproducibility was assessed in terms of intra-class correlation variability. RESULTS The results show an inter-center and inter-subject variability of <10%, except for "clustering coefficient" (variability of 30%). Statistical analysis identifies significant differences among sites, as expected given the wide range of scanners' hardware. CONCLUSIONS The results show low variability of connectivity topological metrics across sites running a harmonised protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fulvia Palesi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Aquino
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Biagi
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Bosco
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Irene Carne
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Giulietti
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; SAIMLAL Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Napolitano
- Medical Physics, IRCCS Istituto Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Alberto Redolfi
- Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Scientific Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Tosetti
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Claudia A M Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; NMR Research Unit, Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square MS Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Bosco P, Lancione M, Retico A, Nigri A, Aquino D, Baglio F, Carne I, Ferraro S, Giulietti G, Napolitano A, Palesi F, Pavone L, Savini G, Tagliavini F, Bruzzone MG, Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott CAM, Tosetti M, Biagi L. Quality assessment, variability and reproducibility of anatomical measurements derived from T1-weighted brain imaging: The RIN-Neuroimaging Network case study. Phys Med 2023; 110:102577. [PMID: 37126963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.102577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Initiatives for the collection of harmonized MRI datasets are growing continuously, opening questions on the reliability of results obtained in multi-site contexts. Here we present the assessment of the brain anatomical variability of MRI-derived measurements obtained from T1-weighted images, acquired according to the Standard Operating Procedures, promoted by the RIN-Neuroimaging Network. A multicentric dataset composed of 77 brain T1w acquisitions of young healthy volunteers (mean age = 29.7 ± 5.0 years), collected in 15 sites with MRI scanners of three different vendors, was considered. Parallelly, a dataset of 7 "traveling" subjects, each undergoing three acquisitions with scanners from different vendors, was also used. Intra-site, intra-vendor, and inter-site variabilities were evaluated in terms of the percentage standard deviation of volumetric and cortical thickness measures. Image quality metrics such as contrast-to-noise and signal-to-noise ratio in gray and white matter were also assessed for all sites and vendors. The results showed a measured global variability that ranges from 11% to 19% for subcortical volumes and from 3% to 10% for cortical thicknesses. Univariate distributions of the normalized volumes of subcortical regions, as well as the distributions of the thickness of cortical parcels appeared to be significantly different among sites in 8 subcortical (out of 17) and 21 cortical (out of 68) regions of i nterest in the multicentric study. The Bland-Altman analysis on "traveling" brain measurements did not detect systematic scanner biases even though a multivariate classification approach was able to classify the scanner vendor from brain measures with an accuracy of 0.60 ± 0.14 (chance level 0.33).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bosco
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marta Lancione
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Retico
- Pisa Division, INFN - National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Aquino
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Irene Carne
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Giovanni Giulietti
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; SAIMLAL Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Napolitano
- Medical Physics, IRCCS Istituto Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvia Palesi
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Savini
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Scientific Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia A M Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; NMR Research Unit, Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square MS Centre, UCL Queen Square, Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michela Tosetti
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Laura Biagi
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
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Nigri A, Umberto M, Stanziano M, Ferraro S, Fedeli D, Medina Carrion JP, Palermo S, Lequio L, Denegri F, Agosta F, Filippi M, Valentini MC, Canosa A, Calvo A, Chiò A, Bruzzone MG, Moglia C. C9orf72 ALS mutation carriers show extensive cortical and subcortical damage compared to matched wild-type ALS patients. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 38:103400. [PMID: 37068310 PMCID: PMC10130353 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE C9orf72 mutation carriers with different neurological phenotypes show cortical and subcortical atrophy in multiple different brain regions, even in pre-symptomatic phases. Despite there is a substantial amount of knowledge, small sample sizes, clinical heterogeneity, as well as different choices of image analysis may hide anatomical abnormalities that are unique to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with this genotype or that are indicative of the C9orf72-specific trait overlain in fronto-temporal dementia patients. METHODS Brain structural and resting state functional magnetic imaging was obtained in 24 C9orf72 positive (ALSC9+) ALS patients paired for burden disease with 24 C9orf72 negative (ALSC9-) ALS patients. A comprehensive structural evaluation of cortical thickness and subcortical volumes between ALSC9+ and ALSC9- patients was performed while a region of interest (ROI)-ROI analysis of functional connectivity was implemented to assess functional alterations among abnormal cortical and subcortical regions. Results were corrected for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Compared to ALSC9- patients, ALSC9+ patients exhibited extensive disease-specific patterns of thalamo-cortico-striatal atrophy, supported by functional alterations of the identified abnormal regions. Cortical thinning was most pronounced in posterior areas and extended to frontal regions. Bilateral atrophy of the mediodorsal and pulvinar nuclei was observed, emphasizing a focal rather than global thalamus atrophy. Volume loss in a large portion of bilateral caudate and left putamen was reported. The marked reduction of functional connectivity observed between the left posterior thalamus and almost all the atrophic cortical regions support the central role of the thalamus in the pathogenic mechanism of C9orf72-mediated disease. CONCLUSIONS These findings constitute a coherent and robust picture of ALS patients with C9orf72-mediated disease, unveiling a specific structural and functional characterization of thalamo-cortico-striatal circuit alteration. Our study introduces new evidence in the characterization of the pathogenic mechanisms of C9orf72 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Manera Umberto
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Stanziano
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Davide Fedeli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sara Palermo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Lequio
- Neuroradiology Unit, CTO Hospital, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Denegri
- Neuroradiology Unit, CTO Hospital, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Italy; Neurology Unit, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Italy; Neurology Unit, Italy; Neurorehabilitation Unit, Italy; Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Canosa
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy; Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy; Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- ALS Centre, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, SC Neurologia 1U, Turin, Italy
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Wang L, Zhou X, Song X, Gan X, Zhang R, Liu X, Xu T, Jiao G, Ferraro S, Bore MC, Yu F, Zhao W, Montag C, Becker B. Fear of missing out (FOMO) associates with reduced cortical thickness in core regions of the posterior default mode network and higher levels of problematic smartphone and social media use. Addict Behav 2023; 143:107709. [PMID: 37004381 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Fear of missing out (FOMO) promotes the desire or urge to stay continuously connected with a social reference group and updated on their activities, which may result in escalating and potentially addictive smartphone and social media use. The present study aimed to determine whether the neurobiological basis of FOMO encompasses core regions of the reward circuitry or social brain, and associations with levels of problematic smartphone or social media use. METHODS We capitalized on a dimensional neuroimaging approach to examine cortical thickness and subcortical volume associations in a sample of healthy young individuals (n = 167). Meta-analytic network and behavioral decoding analyses were employed to further characterize the identified regions. RESULTS Higher levels of FOMO associated with lower cortical thickness in the right precuneus. In contrast, no associations between FOMO and variations in striatal morphology were observed. Meta-analytic decoding revealed that the identified precuneus region exhibited a strong functional interaction with the default mode network (DMN) engaged in social cognitive and self-referential domains. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Together the present findings suggest that individual variations in FOMO are associated with the brain structural architecture of the right precuneus, a core hub within a large-scale functional network resembling the DMN and involved in social and self-referential processes. FOMO may promote escalating social media and smartphone use via social and self-referential processes rather than reward-related processes per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinqi Zhou
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinwei Song
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianyang Gan
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiqin Liu
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Xu
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Guojuan Jiao
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mercy Chepngetich Bore
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangwen Yu
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Zhao
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Becker
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and, MOE Key Laboratory of NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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12
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Medina Carrion JP, Stanziano M, D'Incerti L, Sattin D, Palermo S, Ferraro S, Sebastiano DR, Leonardi M, Bruzzone MG, Rosazza C, Nigri A. Disorder of consciousness: Structural integrity of brain networks for the clinical assessment. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023; 10:384-396. [PMID: 36638220 PMCID: PMC10014003 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM When studying brain networks in patients with Disorders of Consciousness (DoC), it is important to evaluate the structural integrity of networks in addition to their functional activity. Here, we investigated whether structural MRI, together with clinical variables, can be useful for diagnostic purposes and whether a quantitative analysis is feasible in a group of chronic DoC patients. METHODS We studied 109 chronic patients with DoC and emerged from DoC with structural MRI: 65 in vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness state (VS/UWS), 34 in minimally conscious state (MCS), and 10 with severe disability. MRI data were analyzed through qualitative and quantitative approaches. RESULTS The qualitative MRI analysis outperformed the quantitative one, which resulted to be hardly feasible in chronic DoC patients. The results of the qualitative approach showed that the structural integrity of HighOrder networks, altogether, had better diagnostic accuracy than LowOrder networks, particularly when the model included clinical variables (AUC = 0.83). Diagnostic differences between VS/UWS and MCS were stronger in anoxic etiology than vascular and traumatic etiology. MRI data of all LowOrder and HighOrder networks correlated with the clinical score. The integrity of the left hemisphere was associated with a better clinical status. CONCLUSIONS Structural integrity of brain networks is sensitive to clinical severity. When patients are chronic, the qualitative analysis of MRI data is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Medina Carrion
- Diagnostic and Technology Department, Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Stanziano
- Diagnostic and Technology Department, Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Neurosciences Department "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ludovico D'Incerti
- Diagnostic and Technology Department, Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Radiology Unit, Children's Hospital A. Meyer-University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Davide Sattin
- IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Palermo
- Diagnostic and Technology Department, Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Diagnostic and Technology Department, Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Davide Rossi Sebastiano
- Department of Neurophysiology and Diagnostic, Epileptology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Diagnostic and Technology Department, Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Rosazza
- Diagnostic and Technology Department, Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Diagnostic and Technology Department, Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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13
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Nigri A, Dalla Bella E, Ferraro S, Medina Carrion JP, Demichelis G, Bersano E, Consonni M, Bischof A, Stanziano M, Palermo S, Lauria G, Bruzzone MG, Papinutto N. Cervical spinal cord atrophy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis across disease stages. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023; 10:213-224. [PMID: 36599092 PMCID: PMC9930423 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spinal cord degeneration is a hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The assessment of gray matter and white matter cervical spinal cord atrophy across clinical stages defined using the King's staging system could advance the understanding of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis progression. METHODS We assessed the in vivo spatial pattern of gray and white matter atrophy along cervical spinal cord (C2 to C6 segments) using 2D phase-sensitive inversion recovery imaging in a cohort of 44 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients, evaluating its change across the King's stages and the correlation with disability scored by the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale revised (ALSFRS-R) and disease duration. A mathematical model inferring the potential onset of cervical gray matter atrophy was developed. RESULTS In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients at King's stage 1, significant cervical spinal cord alterations were mainly identified in gray matter, whereas they involved both gray and white matter in patients at King's stage ≥ 2. Gray and white matter areas correlated with clinical disability at all cervical segments. C3-C4 level was the segment showing early gray matter atrophy starting about 7 to 20 months before symptom onset according to our model. INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that cervical spinal cord atrophy spreads from gray to white matter across King's stages in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, making spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging an in vivo assessment tool to measure the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Eleonora Dalla Bella
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Disease CentreFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly,School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroinformationUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
| | | | - Greta Demichelis
- Neuroradiology UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Enrica Bersano
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Disease CentreFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Monica Consonni
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Disease CentreFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Antje Bischof
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of NeurologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA,Department of Neurology with Institute for Translational NeurologyUniversity Hospital MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Mario Stanziano
- Neuroradiology UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly,ALS Centre, “Rita Levi Montalcini” Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Sara Palermo
- Neuroradiology UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Disease CentreFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | | | - Nico Papinutto
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of NeurologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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14
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Santagada DA, Perna A, Tullo G, Proietti L, Vitiello R, Ferraro S, Giovannini S, Gasbarrini A, Franceschi F, Maccauro G, Tamburrelli FC, Covino M. Could serum procalcitonin play a role in an emergency setting for patients with pyogenic spondylodiscitis? Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:66-77. [PMID: 36448858 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202211_30284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spinal infections, represent quite rare but often severe conditions. However, due to symptoms' non-specificity and the lack of specific laboratory tests, diagnosis is often delayed with serious consequences for the patient's outcomes. The present investigation aimed at evaluating the role of procalcitonin (PCT) and other clinical features on the risk stratification and the clinical outcomes in spondylodiscitis patients treated in our Emergency Department. PATIENTS AND METHODS The present investigation represents a single-center retrospective study. Clinical records of consecutive patients admitted to our Emergency Department from 1 January 2015 to 31 March 2021 were evaluated and patients with spondylodiscitis diagnosis in this period were recruited. Our primary outcome was the degree of autonomy of patients following the acute event. Our secondary outcome was the resolution of the infection. RESULTS In the study period, a total of 345 patients were evaluated. Among these, 165 met the inclusion criteria, and constituted the study cohort. Concerning the primary outcome, we observed that the most significant predictive factors for being non-autonomous were elevated serum creatinine (> 1.05 mg/dl), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) > 23 mg/dl, Lactate dehydrogenase > 228 U/L, PCT > 0.11 ng/mL. Patients with higher PCT (PCT > 0.11 ng/mL) and higher BUN (BUN > 23 mg/dl) had higher odds of infection persistence (the Odd Ratio, OR, were respectively 3.78 for PCT and 3.14 for BUN). CONCLUSIONS PCT assay may play a role in diagnosing spondylodiscitis in an emergency setting. A PCT value > 0.11 ng/mL should be considered as a red flag, a predictor of worse clinical outcomes and persistence of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Santagada
- Department of Orthopedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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15
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Ferraro S, Klugah-Brown B, Tench CR, Bazinet V, Bore MC, Nigri A, Demichelis G, Bruzzone MG, Palermo S, Zhao W, Yao S, Jiang X, Kendrick KM, Becker B. The central autonomic system revisited – Convergent evidence for a regulatory role of the insular and midcingulate cortex from neuroimaging meta-analyses. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 142:104915. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Lancione M, Bosco P, Costagli M, Nigri A, Aquino D, Carne I, Ferraro S, Giulietti G, Napolitano A, Palesi F, Pavone L, Pirastru A, Savini G, Tagliavini F, Bruzzone MG, Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott CA, Tosetti M, Biagi L. Multi-centre and multi-vendor reproducibility of a standardized protocol for quantitative susceptibility Mapping of the human brain at 3T. Phys Med 2022; 103:37-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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17
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Fantuz F, Ferraro S, Todini L, Spurio R, Fatica A, Marcantoni F, Salimei E. Distribution of selected trace elements in the major fractions of donkey milk. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:6422-6430. [PMID: 35691748 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-21901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of Zn, Cu, Mn, Se, Mo, Co, Li, B, Ti, Cr, Rb, Sr, Cd, and Pb in donkey milk and their distribution in major milk fractions (i.e., fat, casein, whey proteins, and aqueous phase). Individual milk samples were provided by 16 clinically healthy lactating donkeys. Subsequent centrifugation, ultracentrifugation, and ultrafiltration were carried out to remove fat, casein, and whey proteins to obtain skim milk, a supernatant whey fraction, and the aqueous phase of milk, respectively. Concentrations of the elements were measured in whole milk and fractions by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and the concentrations associated with fat, casein, and whey proteins were then calculated. The effect of removal of fat, casein, and whey proteins was determined by repeated-measures ANOVA. The fat fraction of donkey milk carried a small (∼4.5% to 13.5%) but significant proportion of Mo, Co, Ti, Cr, and Sr. The casein fraction in donkey milk carried almost all milk Zn, a majority of Cu and Mn, and most of Mo, Ti, and Sr. Relevant proportions, between 20% and 36%, of Se, Co, and Cr were also associated with caseins. The majority of Se, Co, Li, B, Cr, and Rb, and relevant proportions of Mn, Mo, Ti, and Sr were found in soluble form (ultracentrifuged samples) and distributed between whey proteins and the aqueous phase of milk (ultrafiltered samples). Whey proteins in donkey milk carried the majority of milk Se and Co. All Li and B was present in the aqueous phase of milk, which also contained most Rb and Cr, and 17% to 42% of Mn, Se, Mo, Co, Ti, and Sr.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fantuz
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - S Ferraro
- Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - L Todini
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - R Spurio
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - A Fatica
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente, Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - F Marcantoni
- Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - E Salimei
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente, Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
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18
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Lutkenhoff ES, Nigri A, Rossi Sebastiano D, Sattin D, Visani E, Rosazza C, D'Incerti L, Bruzzone MG, Franceschetti S, Leonardi M, Ferraro S, Monti MM. EEG Power spectra and subcortical pathology in chronic disorders of consciousness. Psychol Med 2022; 52:1491-1500. [PMID: 32962777 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172000330x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a growing understanding of disorders of consciousness following severe brain injury, the association between long-term impairment of consciousness, spontaneous brain oscillations, and underlying subcortical damage, and the ability of such information to aid patient diagnosis, remains incomplete. METHODS Cross-sectional observational sample of 116 patients with a disorder of consciousness secondary to brain injury, collected prospectively at a tertiary center between 2011 and 2013. Multimodal analyses relating clinical measures of impairment, electroencephalographic measures of spontaneous brain activity, and magnetic resonance imaging data of subcortical atrophy were conducted in 2018. RESULTS In the final analyzed sample of 61 patients, systematic associations were found between electroencephalographic power spectra and subcortical damage. Specifically, the ratio of beta-to-delta relative power was negatively associated with greater atrophy in regions of the bilateral thalamus and globus pallidus (both left > right) previously shown to be preferentially atrophied in chronic disorders of consciousness. Power spectrum total density was also negatively associated with widespread atrophy in regions of the left globus pallidus, right caudate, and in the brainstem. Furthermore, we showed that the combination of demographics, encephalographic, and imaging data in an analytic framework can be employed to aid behavioral diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS These results ground, for the first time, electroencephalographic presentation detected with routine clinical techniques in the underlying brain pathology of disorders of consciousness and demonstrate how multimodal combination of clinical, electroencephalographic, and imaging data can be employed in potentially mitigating the high rates of misdiagnosis typical of this patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan S Lutkenhoff
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Brain Injury Research Center (BIRC), Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna Nigri
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Rossi Sebastiano
- Department of Neurophysiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Sattin
- Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit and Coma Research Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Visani
- Department of Neurophysiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Rosazza
- Scientific Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovico D'Incerti
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Franceschetti
- Department of Neurophysiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit and Coma Research Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
- School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China: On the behalf of the Coma Research Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Martin M Monti
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Brain Injury Research Center (BIRC), Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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19
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Ferraro S, Medina JP, Nigri A, Giani L, Demichelis G, Pinardi C, Bruzzone MG, Cecchini Proietti A, Becker B, Chiapparini L, Leone M. Mesocorticolimbic system abnormalities in chronic cluster headache patients: A neural signature? Cephalalgia 2022; 42:1039-1049. [PMID: 35615806 DOI: 10.1177/03331024221092416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Converging evidence suggests that anatomical and functional mesocorticolimbic abnormalities support the chronicization of pain disorders. METHODS We mapped structural and functional alterations of the mesocorticolimbic system in a sample of chronic cluster headache patients (n = 28) in comparison to age and sex-matched healthy individuals (n = 28) employing structural MRI and resting-state functional MRI. RESULTS Univariate logistic regression models showed that several of the examined structures/areas (i.e., the bilateral nucleus accumbens, ventral diencephalon, hippocampus, and frontal pole, and the right amygdala) differentiated chronic cluster headache patients from healthy individuals (p < 0.05, uncorrected). Specifically, all the significant structures/areas had increased volumes in chronic cluster headache patients compared to healthy individuals. The examination of the groups suffering from left and right-sided cranial attacks showed a lateralization effect: ipsilateral to the pain ventral diencephalic regions and contralateral to the pain nucleus accumbens discriminated chronic cluster headache patients from healthy individuals. The resting-state functional MRI data analyses showed that chronic cluster headache patients compared to CTRL individuals present robust reduced functional connectivity in the right frontal pole-right amygdala pathway (p < 0.05, FDR-corrected). CONCLUSION Our results showed that chronic cluster headache patients present anatomical and functional maladaptation of the mesocorticolimbic system, with functional data indicating a possible prefrontal areas' failure to modulate the mesolimbic structures. These results were opposite to what we hypothesized based on the previous literature on chronic pain conditions.Future studies should assess whether the observed mesocorticolimbic abnormalities are due to the neuroprotective effects of the assumed medications, or to the frequent comorbidity of CH with neuropsychiatric disorders or if they are a genuine neural signature of CH and/or chronic cluster headache condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Ferraro
- School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jean Paul Medina
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Department of Neurology and Headache Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Giani
- Department of Neurology and Headache Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Demichelis
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pinardi
- Medical Physics Unit, ASST Nord Milano, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Cecchini Proietti
- Department of Neurology and Headache Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Benjamin Becker
- School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Leone
- Department of Neurology and Headache Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
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Buczinski S, Fecteau G, Cichocki M, Ferraro S, Arsenault J, Chorfi Y, Costa M, Dubuc J, Francoz D, Rousseau M, Villettaz-Robichaud M. Development of a multivariable prediction model to identify dairy calves too young to be transported to auction markets in Canada using simple physical examination and body weight. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:6144-6154. [PMID: 35599032 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-21806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Calves born on Eastern Canadian dairy farms that are not kept in the herds are traditionally sold through auction markets and are raised for meat purposes such as veal calves. Since February 2020, a new Canadian federal regulation has forbidden calves <9 d old to be sold through auction markets. However, in the absence of a real-time birth registry consultation system, it would be of interest to look for predictors that could be associated with age to allow identification of calves too young to be transported. In the current retrospective cross-sectional study, 1,178 calves with a declared birth date (411 calves aged <9 d old; 34.9%) were assessed in 2 large Québec auction sites. Easy-to-record covariates [body weight (BW), breed phenotype, and presence of an umbilical cord remnant] as well as other clinical signs (umbilical swelling, enlargement, umbilical pain, wet umbilicus, skin tent, sunken eyes, ocular and nasal secretion, and hide cleanliness) were assessed. Two logistic regression models using age as a dichotomous dependent variable (<9 d old vs ≥9 d old) were built. The first model (model 1) considered all covariates, which were selected after univariable analyses and a backward stepwise selection process, whereas a more pragmatic model (model 2) only included the 3 easy-to-record variables (i.e., BW, breed, umbilical cord). Both models had similar accuracy to detect calves <9 d old (sensitivity of 38.4 and 37.5%, and specificity of 85.7 and 84.6% for model 1 and 2, respectively). Model 2 was subsequently more specifically studied as it employs a faster and easier assessment. Decision thresholds were tested for their robustness based on misclassification cost term (MCT) analysis with various prevalence of calves <9 d old and various costs of false-negative:false-positive ratio. Despite statistical significance, model accuracy, even if refined with MCT analysis, was limited at the individual level, showing the limits of using physical signs and BW or their combination as a reliable proxy of age. The sensitivity of these models to find calves <9 d old was not to be used for monitoring compliance with the Canadian federal regulation. The relatively high model specificity may help to use this model as a rule-in test (i.e., targeting positive calves for further investigation) rather than a rule-out test (due to its low sensitivity).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Buczinski
- Département des Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2 Canada.
| | - G Fecteau
- Département des Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2 Canada
| | - M Cichocki
- École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, 31076 France
| | - S Ferraro
- Département des Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2 Canada
| | - J Arsenault
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2 Canada
| | - Y Chorfi
- Département de Biomédecine, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2 Canada
| | - M Costa
- Département de Biomédecine, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2 Canada
| | - J Dubuc
- Département des Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2 Canada
| | - D Francoz
- Département des Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2 Canada
| | - M Rousseau
- Département des Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2 Canada
| | - M Villettaz-Robichaud
- Département des Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2 Canada
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21
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Aschieri D, Pelizzoni V, Rossi E, Nani S, Bertocchi S, Bersani E, Ferraro S, Pisati M, Losi G. C11 DAE RESPONDER APP IN PIACENZA: AN INTEGRATED RESCUE NETWORK AGAINST CARDIAC ARREST USING THE TECHNOLOGY AVAILABLE FOR DAE RESPONDERS CITIZENS. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suac011.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Early Defibrillation is the most effective method for resuscitation in patients with out of hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA). The presence of shockable rhythm is an important determinant of survival, therefore, the implementation of systems that increase the likelihood of immediate CPR and rapid defibrillation are vital to improving survival. To this end, in 2017 the DAE REsponder APP (ADR) was developed to alert the trained citizens nearest to the scene and direct them to the closest DAE.
Aim
To evaluate the performance of this application in terms of number of interventions and number of patients saved. Methods: Since 2014, the Emilia Romagna region created a regional portal dedicated to the OHCA the AED REspondER emergency, in which each province registered the automated external defibrillators (AEDs), indicating their geolocation and accessibility. From this system was developed the ADR, which can be used by every citizen through their smartphone. ADR has several functions: alerting the DR citizens closest to the victim, possibility to choose whether to intervene or not, in case of acceptance, navigation to the place and to the AED closer.
Results
In Piacenza 1046 AEDs have been placed and 1212 people are registered as DR.From 2018, 525 blue codes have been activated (out of a regional total of 4457) and 80560 notifications have been sent to DRs: in 145 cases (27.62%)the intervention was accepted, in 19 cases DR arrived before 118 and in 12 cases the AED was applied (63.16%) with 7(55%) patients survived.
Conclusion
The ADR could be considered an effective method to deliver an immediate CPR and increase the chance of survival in case of OHCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Aschieri
- OSPEDALE G. DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; OSPEDALE G.DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; SERVIZIO 118 AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; DIREZIONE AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; POLICLINICO PAVIA, PAVIA
| | - V Pelizzoni
- OSPEDALE G. DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; OSPEDALE G.DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; SERVIZIO 118 AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; DIREZIONE AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; POLICLINICO PAVIA, PAVIA
| | - E Rossi
- OSPEDALE G. DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; OSPEDALE G.DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; SERVIZIO 118 AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; DIREZIONE AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; POLICLINICO PAVIA, PAVIA
| | - S Nani
- OSPEDALE G. DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; OSPEDALE G.DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; SERVIZIO 118 AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; DIREZIONE AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; POLICLINICO PAVIA, PAVIA
| | - S Bertocchi
- OSPEDALE G. DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; OSPEDALE G.DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; SERVIZIO 118 AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; DIREZIONE AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; POLICLINICO PAVIA, PAVIA
| | - E Bersani
- OSPEDALE G. DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; OSPEDALE G.DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; SERVIZIO 118 AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; DIREZIONE AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; POLICLINICO PAVIA, PAVIA
| | - S Ferraro
- OSPEDALE G. DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; OSPEDALE G.DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; SERVIZIO 118 AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; DIREZIONE AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; POLICLINICO PAVIA, PAVIA
| | - M Pisati
- OSPEDALE G. DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; OSPEDALE G.DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; SERVIZIO 118 AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; DIREZIONE AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; POLICLINICO PAVIA, PAVIA
| | - G Losi
- OSPEDALE G. DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; OSPEDALE G.DA SALICETO PIACENZA, PIACENZA; SERVIZIO 118 AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; DIREZIONE AUSL PIACENZA, PIACENZA; POLICLINICO PAVIA, PAVIA
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22
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Nigri A, Ferraro S, Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott CAM, Tosetti M, Redolfi A, Forloni G, D'Angelo E, Aquino D, Biagi L, Bosco P, Carne I, De Francesco S, Demichelis G, Gianeri R, Lagana MM, Micotti E, Napolitano A, Palesi F, Pirastru A, Savini G, Alberici E, Amato C, Arrigoni F, Baglio F, Bozzali M, Castellano A, Cavaliere C, Contarino VE, Ferrazzi G, Gaudino S, Marino S, Manzo V, Pavone L, Politi LS, Roccatagliata L, Rognone E, Rossi A, Tonon C, Lodi R, Tagliavini F, Bruzzone MG. Quantitative MRI Harmonization to Maximize Clinical Impact: The RIN-Neuroimaging Network. Front Neurol 2022; 13:855125. [PMID: 35493836 PMCID: PMC9047871 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.855125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies often lack reproducibility, one of the cardinal features of the scientific method. Multisite collaboration initiatives increase sample size and limit methodological flexibility, therefore providing the foundation for increased statistical power and generalizable results. However, multisite collaborative initiatives are inherently limited by hardware, software, and pulse and sequence design heterogeneities of both clinical and preclinical MRI scanners and the lack of benchmark for acquisition protocols, data analysis, and data sharing. We present the overarching vision that yielded to the constitution of RIN-Neuroimaging Network, a national consortium dedicated to identifying disease and subject-specific in-vivo neuroimaging biomarkers of diverse neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions. This ambitious goal needs efforts toward increasing the diagnostic and prognostic power of advanced MRI data. To this aim, 23 Italian Scientific Institutes of Hospitalization and Care (IRCCS), with technological and clinical specialization in the neurological and neuroimaging field, have gathered together. Each IRCCS is equipped with high- or ultra-high field MRI scanners (i.e., ≥3T) for clinical or preclinical research or has established expertise in MRI data analysis and infrastructure. The actions of this Network were defined across several work packages (WP). A clinical work package (WP1) defined the guidelines for a minimum standard clinical qualitative MRI assessment for the main neurological diseases. Two neuroimaging technical work packages (WP2 and WP3, for clinical and preclinical scanners) established Standard Operative Procedures for quality controls on phantoms as well as advanced harmonized quantitative MRI protocols for studying the brain of healthy human participants and wild type mice. Under FAIR principles, a web-based e-infrastructure to store and share data across sites was also implemented (WP4). Finally, the RIN translated all these efforts into a large-scale multimodal data collection in patients and animal models with dementia (i.e., case study). The RIN-Neuroimaging Network can maximize the impact of public investments in research and clinical practice acquiring data across institutes and pathologies with high-quality and highly-consistent acquisition protocols, optimizing the analysis pipeline and data sharing procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nigri
- U.O. Neuroradiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- U.O. Neuroradiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Claudia A. M. Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott
- Unità di Neuroradiologia, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- NMR Research Unit, Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square MS Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michela Tosetti
- Medical Physics and MR Lab, Fondazione IRCCS Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Redolfi
- Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Forloni
- Medical Physics and MR Lab, Fondazione IRCCS Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Egidio D'Angelo
- Unità di Neuroradiologia, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Domenico Aquino
- U.O. Neuroradiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Biagi
- Medical Physics and MR Lab, Fondazione IRCCS Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Bosco
- Medical Physics and MR Lab, Fondazione IRCCS Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Irene Carne
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia De Francesco
- Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Greta Demichelis
- U.O. Neuroradiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Ruben Gianeri
- U.O. Neuroradiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Edoardo Micotti
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Napolitano
- Medical Physics, IRCCS Istituto Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvia Palesi
- Unità di Neuroradiologia, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Savini
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Alberici
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carmelo Amato
- Unit of Neuroradiology, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Filippo Arrigoni
- Neuroimaging Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | | | - Marco Bozzali
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Valeria Elisa Contarino
- Unità di Neuroradiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Simona Gaudino
- Istituto di Radiologia, UOC Radiologia e Neuroradiologia, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Marino
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Messina, Italy
| | - Vittorio Manzo
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Letterio S. Politi
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Roccatagliata
- Neuroradiologia IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Rognone
- Unità di Neuroradiologia, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
- UO Neuroradiologia, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Caterina Tonon
- Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Raffaele Lodi
- Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Scientific Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- U.O. Neuroradiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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23
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Medina JP, Nigri A, Stanziano M, D’Incerti L, Sattin D, Ferraro S, Rossi Sebastiano D, Pinardi C, Marotta G, Leonardi M, Bruzzone MG, Rosazza C. Resting-State fMRI in Chronic Patients with Disorders of Consciousness: The Role of Lower-Order Networks for Clinical Assessment. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030355. [PMID: 35326311 PMCID: PMC8946756 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) is a widely used technique to investigate the residual brain functions of patients with Disorders of Consciousness (DoC). Nonetheless, it is unclear how the networks that are more associated with primary functions, such as the sensory–motor, medial/lateral visual and auditory networks, contribute to clinical assessment. In this study, we examined the rs-fMRI lower-order networks alongside their structural MRI data to clarify the corresponding association with clinical assessment. We studied 109 chronic patients with DoC and emerged from DoC with structural MRI and rs-fMRI: 65 in vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness state (VS/UWS), 34 in minimally conscious state (MCS) and 10 with severe disability. rs-fMRI data were analyzed with independent component analyses and seed-based analyses, in relation to structural MRI and clinical data. The results showed that VS/UWS had fewer networks than MCS patients and the rs-fMRI activity in each network was decreased. Visual networks were correlated to the clinical status, and in cases where no clinical response occurred, rs-fMRI indicated distinctive networks conveying information in a similar way to other techniques. The information provided by single networks was limited, whereas the four networks together yielded better classification results, particularly when the model included rs-fMRI and structural MRI data (AUC = 0.80). Both quantitative and qualitative rs-fMRI analyses yielded converging results; vascular etiology might confound the results, and disease duration generally reduced the number of networks observed. The lower-order rs-fMRI networks could be used clinically to support and corroborate visual function assessments in DoC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Medina
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (J.P.M.); (M.S.); (L.D.); (S.F.); (C.P.); (M.G.B.)
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (J.P.M.); (M.S.); (L.D.); (S.F.); (C.P.); (M.G.B.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (C.R.)
| | - Mario Stanziano
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (J.P.M.); (M.S.); (L.D.); (S.F.); (C.P.); (M.G.B.)
- Neurosciences Department “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Ludovico D’Incerti
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (J.P.M.); (M.S.); (L.D.); (S.F.); (C.P.); (M.G.B.)
- Neuroradiology Unit, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer—University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Davide Sattin
- IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri di Milano, 20138 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (J.P.M.); (M.S.); (L.D.); (S.F.); (C.P.); (M.G.B.)
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Davide Rossi Sebastiano
- Epileptology Unit, Department of Neurophysiology and Diagnostic, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Chiara Pinardi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (J.P.M.); (M.S.); (L.D.); (S.F.); (C.P.); (M.G.B.)
- Medical Physics Unit, Asst Nord Milano, Sesto San Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Marotta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (J.P.M.); (M.S.); (L.D.); (S.F.); (C.P.); (M.G.B.)
| | - Cristina Rosazza
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Technology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (J.P.M.); (M.S.); (L.D.); (S.F.); (C.P.); (M.G.B.)
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (C.R.)
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24
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Demichelis G, Pinardi C, Giani L, Medina JP, Gianeri R, Bruzzone MG, Becker B, Proietti A, Leone M, Chiapparini L, Ferraro S, Nigri A. Chronic cluster headache: A study of the telencephalic and cerebellar cortical thickness. Cephalalgia 2021; 42:444-454. [PMID: 34875879 DOI: 10.1177/03331024211058205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies on brain morphological alterations in chronic cluster headache revealed inconsistent findings. METHOD The present cross-sectional explorative study determined telencephalic and cerebellar cortex thickness alterations in a relatively wide sample of chronic cluster headache patients (n = 28) comparing them to matched healthy individuals. RESULTS The combination of two highly robust state-of-the-art approaches for thickness estimation (Freesurfer, CERES), strengthened by functional characterization of the identified abnormal regions, revealed four main results: chronic cluster headache patients show 1) cortical thinning in the right middle cingulate cortex, left posterior insula, and anterior cerebellar lobe, regions involved in nociception's sensory and sensory-motor aspects and possibly in autonomic functions; 2) cortical thinning in the left anterior superior temporal sulcus and the left collateral/lingual sulcus, suggesting neuroplastic maladaptation in areas possibly involved in social cognition, which may promote psychiatric comorbidity; 3) abnormal functional connectivity among some of these identified telencephalic areas; 4) the identified telencephalic areas of cortical thinning present robust interaction, as indicated by the functional connectivity results, with the left posterior insula possibly playing a pivotal role. CONCLUSION The reported results constitute a coherent and robust picture of the chronic cluster headache brain. Our study paves the way for hypothesis-driven studies that might impact our understanding of the pathophysiology of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Demichelis
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pinardi
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Giani
- Department of Neurology and Headache Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Jean Paul Medina
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Ruben Gianeri
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Benjiamin Becker
- School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Alberto Proietti
- Department of Neurology and Headache Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Leone
- Department of Neurology and Headache Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Anna Nigri
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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25
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Scala I, Concolino D, Nastasi A, Esposito G, Crisci D, Sestito S, Ferraro S, Albano L, Ruoppolo M, Parenti G, Strisciuglio P. Beneficial Effects of Slow-Release Large Neutral Amino Acids after a Phenylalanine Oral Load in Patients with Phenylketonuria. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114012. [PMID: 34836270 PMCID: PMC8618154 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mainstay of phenylketonuria treatment is a low protein diet, supplemented with phenylalanine (Phe)-free protein substitutes and micronutrients. Adhering to this diet is challenging, and even patients with good metabolic control who follow the dietary prescriptions in everyday life ignore the recommendations occasionally. The present study explores the ability of slow-release large neutral amino acids (srLNAAs) to prevent Phe increase following a Phe dietary load. Fourteen phenylketonuric patients aged ≥13 years were enrolled in a 6-week protocol. Oral acute Phe loads of 250 and 500 mg were added to the evening meal together with srLNAAs (0.5 gr/kg). Phe and tyrosine were dosed before dinner, 2h-after dinner, and after the overnight fast. After oral Phe loads, mean plasma Phe remained stable and below 600 µmol/L. No Phe peaks were registered. Tyrosine levels significantly increased, and Phe/Tyrosine ratio decreased. No adverse events were registered. In conclusion, a single oral administration of srLNAAs at the dose of 0.5 gr/kg is effective in maintaining stable plasma Phe during acute oral loads with Phe-containing food and may be added to the dietetic scheme in situations in which patients with generally good adherence to diet foresee a higher than prescribed Phe intake due to their commitments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Scala
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-7463348; +39-081-7463769
| | - Daniela Concolino
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.C.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Anna Nastasi
- Physiology Nutrition Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giulia Esposito
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.E.); (G.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Daniela Crisci
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (L.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Simona Sestito
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.C.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.C.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Lucia Albano
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (L.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Margherita Ruoppolo
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (L.A.); (M.R.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Parenti
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.E.); (G.P.); (P.S.)
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Pietro Strisciuglio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.E.); (G.P.); (P.S.)
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26
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Ferraro S, Klugah-Brown B, Tench CR, Yao S, Nigri A, Demichelis G, Pinardi C, Bruzzone MG, Becker B. Dysregulated anterior insula reactivity as robust functional biomarker for chronic pain-Meta-analytic evidence from neuroimaging studies. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 43:998-1010. [PMID: 34734458 PMCID: PMC8764475 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurobiological pain models propose that chronic pain is accompanied by neurofunctional changes that mediate pain processing dysfunctions. In contrast, meta‐analyses of neuroimaging studies in chronic pain conditions have not revealed convergent evidence for robust alterations during experimental pain induction. Against this background, the present neuroimaging meta‐analysis combined three different meta‐analytic approaches with stringent study selection criteria for case–control functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments during acute pain processing with a focus on chronic pain disorders. Convergent neurofunctional dysregulations in chronic pain patients were observed in the left anterior insula cortex. Seed‐based resting‐state functional connectivity based on a large publicly available dataset combined with a meta‐analytic task‐based approach identified the anterior insular region as a key node of an extended bilateral insula‐fronto‐cingular network, resembling the salience network. Moreover, the meta‐analytic decoding showed that this region presents a high probability to be specifically activated during pain‐related processes, although we cannot exclude an involvement in autonomic processes. Together, the present findings indicate that dysregulated left anterior insular activity represents a robust neurofunctional maladaptation and potential treatment target in chronic pain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Ferraro
- The Clinical Hospital of the Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Benjamin Klugah-Brown
- The Clinical Hospital of the Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Christopher R Tench
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Shuxia Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of the Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Demichelis
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pinardi
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Benjamin Becker
- The Clinical Hospital of the Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Moglia C, Manera U, Stanziano M, Ferraro S, Agosta F, Canosa A, Filippi M, Calvo A, Chio A, Bruzzone MG, Nigri A. Cortical and subcortical damage: Differences between C9orf72 ALS mutation carriers and wild-type ALS patients. J Neurol Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.117763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Giani L, Ferraro S, Nigri A, Bruzzone MG, Pinardi C, Demichelis G, Chiapparini L, Proietti A, Leone M. Dopaminergic system abnormalities in chronic cluster headache patients. J Neurol Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.117736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tomassetti S, Oggionni T, Barisione E, Bargagli E, Bonifazi M, Confalonieri M, Caminati A, Scala R, Gasparini S, Harari S, Klersy C, Meloni F, Torricella A, Aloe T, Luzzi V, Gori L, Ferraro S, Biadene G, Cozzi D, Cavigli E, Miele V, Piciucchi S, Sverzellati N, Puglisi S, Poletti V, Ravaglia C. A Multidisciplinary Multicenter Study Evaluating Risk Factors, Prevalence and Characteristics of Post-COvid-19 Interstitial Lung Syndrome (PCOILS). Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2021.oa1567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Calafut V, Gallardo P, Vavagiakis E, Amodeo S, Aiola S, Austermann J, Battaglia N, Battistelli E, Beall J, Bean R, Bond J, Calabrese E, Choi S, Cothard N, Devlin M, Duell C, Duff S, Duivenvoorden A, Dunkley J, Dunner R, Ferraro S, Guan Y, Hill J, Hilton G, Hilton M, Hložek R, Huber Z, Hubmayr J, Huffenberger K, Hughes J, Koopman B, Kosowsky A, Li Y, Lokken M, Madhavacheril M, McMahon J, Moodley K, Naess S, Nati F, Newburgh L, Niemack M, Page L, Partridge B, Schaan E, Schillaci A, Sifón C, Spergel D, Staggs S, Ullom J, Vale L, Van Engelen A, Van Lanen J, Wollack E, Xu Z. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect with SDSS DR15 galaxies. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.043502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Nigri A, Sarro L, Mongelli A, Castaldo A, Porcu L, Pinardi C, Grisoli M, Ferraro S, Canafoglia L, Visani E, Bruzzone MG, Nanetti L, Taroni F, Mariotti C. Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1: One-Year Longitudinal Study to Identify Clinical and MRI Measures of Disease Progression in Patients and Presymptomatic Carriers. Cerebellum 2021; 21:133-144. [PMID: 34106418 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01285-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxias type 1 (SCA1) is an autosomal dominant disease usually manifesting in adulthood. We performed a prospective 1-year longitudinal study in 14 presymptomatic mutation carriers (preSCA1), 11 ataxic patients, and 21 healthy controls. SCA1 patients had a median disease duration of 6 years (range 2-16) and SARA score of 7 points (range 3.5-20). PreSCA1 had an estimated time before disease onset of 9.7 years (range 4-30), and no signs of ataxia. At baseline, SCA1 patients significantly differed from controls in SARA score (Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia), cognitive tests, and structural MRI measures. Significant volume loss was found in cerebellum, brainstem, basal ganglia, and cortical thinning in frontal, temporal, and occipital regions. PreSCA1 did not differ from controls. At 1-year follow-up, SCA1 patients showed significant increase in SARA score, and decreased volume of cerebellum (- 0.6%), pons (- 5.5%), superior cerebellar peduncles (- 10.7%), and midbrain (- 3.0%). Signs of disease progression were also observed in preSCA1 subjects, with increased SARA score and reduced total cerebellar volume. Our exploratory study suggests that clinical scores and MRI measures provide valuable data to monitor and quantify the earliest changes associated with the preclinical and the symptomatic phases of SCA1 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Lidia Sarro
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.,Neurology Unit, Martini Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Mongelli
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Castaldo
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Porcu
- Methodology for Clinical Research Laboratory, Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pinardi
- Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Grisoli
- Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Canafoglia
- Neurophysiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Visani
- Neurophysiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Nanetti
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Taroni
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Mariotti
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Sattin D, Rossi Sebastiano D, Magnani FG, D'Incerti L, Marotta G, Benti R, Tirelli S, Bersano A, Duran D, Visani E, Ferraro S, Minati L, Nigri A, Rosazza C, Bianchi Marzoli S, Ciasca P, Carcagni A, Bruzzone MG, Franceschetti S, Leonardi M, Guido D. Visual fixation in disorders of consciousness: Development of predictive models to support differential diagnosis. Physiol Behav 2021; 230:113310. [PMID: 33412191 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The visual fixation represents a doubtful behavioral sign to discriminate Vegetative from Minimally Conscious State (MCS). To disentangle its meaning, we fitted univariate and multivariable logistic regression models matching different neurophysiological and neuroimaging data of 54 patients with Disorders of Consciousness to select the best model predicting which visual performance (visual blink or pursuit) was shown by patients and the best predictors set. The best models found highlighted the importance of the structural MRI and the visual evoked potentials data in predicting visual pursuit. Then, a qualitative pilot test was made on four patients showing visual fixation revealing that the obtained models correctly predict whether the patients' visual performance could support/correlate to a cognitively mediated behavior. The present pilot models could help clinicians to evaluate if the visual fixation response can support the MCS diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Sattin
- Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit - Coma Research Centre; Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Davide Rossi Sebastiano
- Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit - Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta n, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Francesca Giulia Magnani
- Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit - Coma Research Centre; Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Ludovico D'Incerti
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Marotta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, 20122, Italy; Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici (DISTUM), Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Bramante, 17, 61029 Urbino PU.
| | - Riccardo Benti
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, 20122, Italy.
| | - Simone Tirelli
- Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit - Coma Research Centre; Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Anna Bersano
- Neurology Unit, UCV, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Dunja Duran
- Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit - Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta n, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Elisa Visani
- Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit - Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta n, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Ludovico Minati
- Direzione Scientifica, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Cristina Rosazza
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy; Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici (DISTUM), Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Bramante, 17, 61029 Urbino PU.
| | - Stefania Bianchi Marzoli
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Scientific Institute Capitanio Hospital, via Mercalli, 28, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Paola Ciasca
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Center, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Scientific Institute Capitanio Hospital, via Mercalli, 28, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Antonella Carcagni
- Data Methods and Systems Statistical Laboratory, Department of Economics and Management, University of Brescia, Contrada Santa Chiara, 50, Brescia, 25122, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Silvana Franceschetti
- Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit - Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta n, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit - Coma Research Centre; Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Davide Guido
- Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit - Coma Research Centre; Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan, 20133, Italy.
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Ferraro S, Nigri A, D'Incerti L, Rosazza C, Sattin D, Rossi Sebastiano D, Visani E, Duran D, Marotta G, Demichelis G, Catricala' E, Kotz S, Verga L, Leonardi M, Cappa S, Bruzzone MG. Corrigendum: Preservation of Language Processing and Auditory Performance in Patients With Disorders of Consciousness: A Multimodal Assessment. Front Neurol 2021; 12:656747. [PMID: 33664706 PMCID: PMC7923693 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.656747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Ferraro
- School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovico D'Incerti
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Rosazza
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Sattin
- Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit and Coma Research Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Rossi Sebastiano
- Department of Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Visani
- Department of Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Dunja Duran
- Department of Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Marotta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Demichelis
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sonja Kotz
- Department of Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Laura Verga
- Department of Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cappa
- Department of Psychology, Scuola Universitaria Superiore, Pavia, Italy.,IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Ferraro S, Nigri A, D'Incerti L, Rosazza C, Sattin D, Rossi Sebastiano D, Visani E, Duran D, Marotta G, Demichelis G, Catricala' E, Kotz S, Verga L, Leonardi M, Cappa S, Bruzzone MG. Preservation of Language Processing and Auditory Performance in Patients With Disorders of Consciousness: A Multimodal Assessment. Front Neurol 2020; 11:526465. [PMID: 33408679 PMCID: PMC7779550 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.526465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of language impairment on the clinical assessment of patients suffering from disorders of consciousness (DOC) is unknown or underestimated and may mask the presence of conscious behavior. In a group of DOC patients (n = 11; time post-injury range: 5–252 months), we investigated the main neural functional and structural underpinnings of linguistic processing, and their relationship with the behavioral measures of the auditory function using the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R). We assessed the integrity of the brainstem auditory pathways, of the left superior temporal gyrus and arcuate fasciculus, the neural activity elicited by passive listening of an auditory language task, and the mean hemispheric glucose metabolism. Our results support the hypothesis of a relationship between the level of preservation of the investigated structures/functions and the CRS-R auditory subscale scores. Moreover, our findings indicate that patients in minimally conscious state minus (MCS−): (1) when presenting the auditory startle (at the CRS-R auditory subscale) might be aphasic in the receptive domain, being severely impaired in the core language structures/functions; (2) when presenting the localization to sound might retain language processing, being almost intact or intact in the core language structures/functions. Despite the small group of investigated patients, our findings provide a grounding of the clinical measures of the CRS-R auditory subscale in the integrity of the underlying auditory structures/functions. Future studies are needed to confirm our results that might have important consequences for the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Ferraro
- School of Life Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovico D'Incerti
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Rosazza
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Sattin
- Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit and Coma Research Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Rossi Sebastiano
- Department of Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Visani
- Department of Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Dunja Duran
- Department of Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Marotta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Demichelis
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sonja Kotz
- Department of Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Laura Verga
- Department of Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cappa
- Department of Psychology, Scuola Universitaria Superiore, Pavia, Italy.,IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Nigri A, Sarro L, Mongelli A, Pinardi C, Porcu L, Castaldo A, Ferraro S, Grisoli M, Bruzzone MG, Gellera C, Taroni F, Mariotti C, Nanetti L. Progression of Cerebellar Atrophy in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 Gene Carriers: A Longitudinal MRI Study in Preclinical and Early Disease Stages. Front Neurol 2020; 11:616419. [PMID: 33384659 PMCID: PMC7770103 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.616419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxias type 2 (SCA2) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease caused by expanded trinucleotide repeats (≥32 CAG) within the coding region of ATXN2 gene. Age of disease onset primarily depends on the length of the expanded region. The majority of subjects carrying the mutation remain free of clinical signs for few decades (“pre-symptomatic” stage), but in proximity of disease onset subtle neurophysiological, cognitive, and structural brain imaging changes may occur. Aims of the present study are to determine the time-window in which early clinical and neurodegenerative MRI changes may be identified, and to evaluate the rate of the disease progression in both preclinical and early disease phases. We performed a 1-year longitudinal study in 42 subjects: 14 SCA2 patients (mean age 39 years, disease duration 7 years, SARA score 9 points), 13 presymptomatic SCA2 subjects (preSCA2, mean age 39 years, expected time to disease onset 16 years), and 15 gene-negative healthy controls (mean age 33 years). All participants underwent genetic test, neurological examination, cognitive tests, and brain MRI. Evaluations were repeated at 1-year interval. Baseline MRI evaluations in SCA2 patients showed significant atrophy in cerebellum, brainstem, basal ganglia and cortex compared to controls, while preSCA2 subjects had isolated volume loss in the pons, and cortical thinning in specific frontal and parietal areas, namely rostral-middle-frontal and precuneus. One-year longitudinal follow-up demonstrated, in SCA2 patients, volume reduction in cerebellum, pons, superior cerebellar peduncles, and midbrain, and only in the cerebellum in preSCA2 subjects. No progression in clinical or cognitive measures was observed in preSCA2 subjects. The rate of volume loss in the cerebellum and subcortical regions greatly differed between patients and preSCA2. In conclusion, our pilot study demonstrated that MRI measures are highly sensitive to identify longitudinal structural changes in SCA2 patients, and in preSCA2 up to a decade before expected disease onset. These findings may contribute in the understanding of early neurodegenerative processes and may be useful in future therapeutical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nigri
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Lidia Sarro
- Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Ospedale Martini, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Mongelli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pinardi
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Porcu
- Laboratory of Methodology for Clinical Research, Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Castaldo
- Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Grisoli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Taroni
- Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Mariotti
- Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Nanetti
- Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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Redolfi A, De Francesco S, Palesi F, Galluzzi S, Muscio C, Castellazzi G, Tiraboschi P, Savini G, Nigri A, Bottini G, Bruzzone MG, Ramusino MC, Ferraro S, Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott CAM, Tagliavini F, Frisoni GB, Ryvlin P, Demonet JF, Kherif F, Cappa SF, D'Angelo E. Medical Informatics Platform (MIP): A Pilot Study Across Clinical Italian Cohorts. Front Neurol 2020; 11:1021. [PMID: 33071930 PMCID: PMC7538836 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: With the shift of research focus to personalized medicine in Alzheimer's Dementia (AD), there is an urgent need for tools that are capable of quantifying a patient's risk using diagnostic biomarkers. The Medical Informatics Platform (MIP) is a distributed e-infrastructure federating large amounts of data coupled with machine-learning (ML) algorithms and statistical models to define the biological signature of the disease. The present study assessed (i) the accuracy of two ML algorithms, i.e., supervised Gradient Boosting (GB) and semi-unsupervised 3C strategy (Categorize, Cluster, Classify-CCC) implemented in the MIP and (ii) their contribution over the standard diagnostic workup. Methods: We examined individuals coming from the MIP installed across 3 Italian memory clinics, including subjects with Normal Cognition (CN, n = 432), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI, n = 456), and AD (n = 451). The GB classifier was applied to best discriminate the three diagnostic classes in 1,339 subjects, and the CCC strategy was used to refine the classical disease categories. Four dementia experts provided their diagnostic confidence (DC) of MCI conversion on an independent cohort of 38 patients. DC was based on clinical, neuropsychological, CSF, and structural MRI information and again with addition of the outcome from the MIP tools. Results: The GB algorithm provided a classification accuracy of 85% in a nested 10-fold cross-validation for CN vs. MCI vs. AD discrimination. Accuracy increased to 95% in the holdout validation, with the omission of each Italian clinical cohort out in turn. CCC identified five homogeneous clusters of subjects and 36 biomarkers that represented the disease fingerprint. In the DC assessment, CCC defined six clusters in the MCI population used to train the algorithm and 29 biomarkers to improve patients staging. GB and CCC showed a significant impact, evaluated as +5.99% of increment on physicians' DC. The influence of MIP on DC was rated from "slight" to "significant" in 80% of the cases. Discussion: GB provided fair results in classification of CN, MCI, and AD. CCC identified homogeneous and promising classes of subjects via its semi-unsupervised approach. We measured the effect of the MIP on the physician's DC. Our results pave the way for the establishment of a new paradigm for ML discrimination of patients who will or will not convert to AD, a clinical priority for neurology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Redolfi
- Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia De Francesco
- Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology - LANE, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fulvia Palesi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Samantha Galluzzi
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology - LANE, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cristina Muscio
- Division of Neurology V/Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Castellazzi
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Center, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Computer, Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pietro Tiraboschi
- Division of Neurology V/Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Anna Nigri
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Bottini
- Neuropsychology Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cotta Ramusino
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Memory Clinic and LANVIE - Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia A. M. Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Center, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Division of Neurology V/Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni B. Frisoni
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology - LANE, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- Memory Clinic and LANVIE - Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Ryvlin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Leenaards Memory Center, Center Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-François Demonet
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Leenaards Memory Center, Center Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ferath Kherif
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Leenaards Memory Center, Center Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefano F. Cappa
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- University School of Advanced Studies, Pavia, Italy
| | - Egidio D'Angelo
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Fantuz F, Ferraro S, Todini L, Cimarelli L, Fatica A, Marcantoni F, Salimei E. Distribution of calcium, phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, potassium, and sodium in major fractions of donkey milk. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:8741-8749. [PMID: 32747106 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of Ca, P, S, Mg, K, and Na, and their distribution in major fractions of donkey milk (i.e., fat, casein, whey proteins, and aqueous phase). Individual milk samples were collected by mechanical milking from 16 clinically healthy lactating donkeys. Milk yield per milking was recorded and milk gross composition, casein content, and pH were determined. Whole milk samples were centrifuged to separate fat and to obtain skim milk. Skim milk samples were ultracentrifuged to separate a sedimentable casein pellet and to obtain a supernatant whey (soluble) fraction, which was then ultrafiltered to obtain the aqueous phase of donkey milk. Whole milk and the processed samples were analyzed for the aforementioned elements by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The concentration of elements associated with fat, casein, and whey proteins was then calculated. All the Na was present in the aqueous phase. The fat fraction in donkey milk carried very little or none of the investigated elements. The majority of Ca (62.9%) and P (53.1%) was associated with casein, and the rest of these elements was mostly present in the aqueous phase. The majority of Mg was present in the aqueous phase, but a relevant part (32.6%) was associated with the casein fraction. No K was associated with casein. On a molar basis, the ratio of colloidal Ca and P to casein (mmol/g of casein) was more than double the values reported in literature for cow milk. The correlation coefficient was negative between milk pH and P in the ultracentrifuged (r = -0.81) and ultrafiltered (aqueous) fraction (r = -0.66). Milk pH correlated positively with colloidal Ca (r = 0.59) and with the ratio of colloidal Ca to casein (mmol/g of casein; r = 0.68). Colloidal Ca and P were positively correlated (r = 0.64). These data suggest that the high ratio of colloidal Ca and P to donkey casein micelles is due to a larger amount of colloidal calcium phosphate bound to casein micelles compared with literature data on cow milk. The percentage of elements associated with whey proteins was less than 5% for Ca, P, and K, but Mg reached approximately 9% of total Mg. The majority of S (63.6%) was associated with whey proteins, and only one-fourth of this element was associated with casein, indicating a higher content of sulfur-containing amino acids in donkey whey proteins than in casein.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fantuz
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - S Ferraro
- Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - L Todini
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - L Cimarelli
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - A Fatica
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente, Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - F Marcantoni
- Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - E Salimei
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente, Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
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Sattin D, Rossi Sebastiano D, D’Incerti L, Guido D, Marotta G, Benti R, Tirelli S, Magnani FG, Bersano A, Duran D, Ferraro S, Minati L, Nigri A, Rosazza C, Bianchi Marzoli S, Leonardi M. Visual behaviors in disorders of consciousness: Disentangling conscious visual processing by a multimodal approach. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 52:4345-4355. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Sattin
- Neurology, Public health, Disability Unit / Coma Research Centre Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Davide Rossi Sebastiano
- Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Ludovico D’Incerti
- Neuroradiology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Davide Guido
- Neurology, Public health, Disability Unit / Coma Research Centre Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Giorgio Marotta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
| | - Riccardo Benti
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
| | - Simone Tirelli
- Neurology, Public health, Disability Unit / Coma Research Centre Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Francesca Giulia Magnani
- Neurology, Public health, Disability Unit / Coma Research Centre Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Anna Bersano
- Neurology Unit UCV Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Dunja Duran
- Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Ludovico Minati
- Direzione Scientifica Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Cristina Rosazza
- Neuroradiology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
- Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici (DISTUM) Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo Urbino PU Italy
| | - Stefania Bianchi Marzoli
- Neuro‐Ophthalmology Center IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Scientific Institute Capitanio Hospital Milan Italy
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Neurology, Public health, Disability Unit / Coma Research Centre Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
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Ferraro S, Nigri A, Demichelis G, Pinardi C, Chiapparini L, Giani L, Proietti Cecchini A, Leone M. Understanding Cluster Headache Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Front Neurol 2020; 11:535. [PMID: 32695062 PMCID: PMC7338680 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster headache is an excruciating pain syndrome characterized by unilateral head pain attacks, lasting between 15 and 180 min, accompanied by marked ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms, such as lacrimation and conjunctival injection. Despite important insights provided by neuroimaging studies and deep brain stimulation findings, the pathophysiology of cluster headache and its pathways of chronicization are still elusive. In this mini-review, we will provide an overview of the functional and structural neuroimaging studies in episodic and chronic cluster headache conditions conducted to clarify the underlying pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Demichelis
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pinardi
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Giani
- Neurology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Leone
- Neurology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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Bottini R, Ferraro S, Nigri A, Cuccarini V, Bruzzone MG, Collignon O. Brain Regions Involved in Conceptual Retrieval in Sighted and Blind People. J Cogn Neurosci 2020; 32:1009-1025. [PMID: 32013684 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
If conceptual retrieval is partially based on the simulation of sensorimotor experience, people with a different sensorimotor experience, such as congenitally blind people, should retrieve concepts in a different way. However, studies investigating the neural basis of several conceptual domains (e.g., actions, objects, places) have shown a very limited impact of early visual deprivation. We approached this problem by investigating brain regions that encode the perceptual similarity of action and color concepts evoked by spoken words in sighted and congenitally blind people. At first, and in line with previous findings, a contrast between action and color concepts (independently of their perceptual similarity) revealed similar activations in sighted and blind people for action concepts and partially different activations for color concepts, but outside visual areas. On the other hand, adaptation analyses based on subjective ratings of perceptual similarity showed compelling differences across groups. Perceptually similar colors and actions induced adaptation in the posterior occipital cortex of sighted people only, overlapping with regions known to represent low-level visual features of those perceptual domains. Early-blind people instead showed a stronger adaptation for perceptually similar concepts in temporal regions, arguably indexing higher reliance on a lexical-semantic code to represent perceptual knowledge. Overall, our results show that visual deprivation does changes the neural bases of conceptual retrieval, but mostly at specific levels of representation supporting perceptual similarity discrimination, reconciling apparently contrasting findings in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Nigri
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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Sattin D, Bruzzone MG, Ferraro S, Nigri A, Leonardi M, Guido D. Olfactory discrimination in disorders of consciousness: A new sniff protocol. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01273. [PMID: 31251479 PMCID: PMC6710199 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of salient stimuli useful for rehabilitation purposes is important in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC): among these, olfactory stimuli might play an important role due to the functional coupling between olfactory and emotional processing. However, a high percentage of post brain injury patients present anosmia. AIMS OF THE STUDY The aim of this pilot research is to present an innovative approach to test olfactory functions at the bedside using four selected odors in patients with DOC. METHODS Sixteen patients with DOC were tested with two assessment techniques the new olfactory discrimination protocol (ODP) and a functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm to evaluate olfactory neural process. The Frequentist and Bayesian methods were used to analyze reliability properties of the new tool. RESULTS Analysis showed a good agreement between assessment techniques and a substantial test-retest reliability of the ODP. Cohen's Ks were equal to 0.814 (95% CI = 0.471, 1) and 0.607 (0.118; 1) respectively, using the Frequentist approach, while they were 0.762 (95% HPD = 0.470; 0.966) and 0.650 (0.320; 0.913) with the Bayesian approach in the 11 patients analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Despite the limits of this preliminary research, the ODP can be useful for clinicians for the preliminary assessment of the olfactory discrimination in patients with DOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Sattin
- Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Coma Research Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Coma Research Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Guido
- Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Coma Research Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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Ferraro S, Nigri A, Bruzzone MG, Demichelis G, Pinardi C, Brivio L, Giani L, Proietti A, Leone M, Chiapparini L. Cluster headache: insights from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Neurol Sci 2019; 40:45-47. [PMID: 30941629 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-03874-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The comprehension of cluster headache (CH) has greatly benefited from the tremendous progress of the neuroimaging techniques over the last 20 years. Since the pioneering study of May et al. (1998), the neuroimaging results have indeed revolutionized the conception of this disease, now considered as a dysfunction of the central nervous system. Clinical, neuroendocrinological, and neuroimaging studies strongly suggested the involvement of the hypothalamus as the generator of cluster headache attacks. However, the latency of the improvement and the inefficacy of the hypothalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the acute phase suggested that the hypothalamus might play a modulating role, pointing to the presence of some dysfunctional brain networks, normalized or modulated by the DBS. Despite the great importance of possible dysfunctional hypothalamic networks in cluster headache pathophysiology, only quite recently the scientific community has begun to explore the functional connectivity of these circuits using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. This is a neuroimaging technique extensively employed to investigate the functional connectivity among separated regions of the brain at rest in the low-frequency domain (< 0.1 Hz). Here, we present a review of the few resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating the hypothalamic network contributing to a deeper comprehension of this neurological disorder. These studies seem to demonstrate that both the hypothalamus and the diencephalic-mesencephalic junction regions might play an important role in the pathophysiology of CH. However, future studies are needed to confirm the results and to clarify if the observed dysfunctional networks are a specific neural fingerprint of the CH pathophysiology or an effect of the severe acute pain. It will be also crucial to clarify the neural pathways of the chronicization of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Ferraro
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Demichelis
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pinardi
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Brivio
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Giani
- Department of Neurology and Headache Centre, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Proietti
- Department of Neurology and Headache Centre, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Leone
- Department of Neurology and Headache Centre, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', 20133, Milan, Italy
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Consonni M, Dalla Bella E, Nigri A, Pinardi C, Demichelis G, Porcu L, Gellera C, Pensato V, Cappa SF, Bruzzone MG, Lauria G, Ferraro S. Cognitive Syndromes and C9orf72 Mutation Are Not Related to Cerebellar Degeneration in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:440. [PMID: 31133784 PMCID: PMC6524613 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The notion that cerebellar pathology may contribute to cognitive impairment in ALS, especially in patients with C9orf72 repeated expansion, has been inconsistently reported. This study aimed exploring the relationship between cerebellar involvement, cognitive impairment and C9orf72 repeated expansion of patients with ALS. Methods Quantitative in vivo assessment of cerebellar lobules has been investigated in 66 non-demented patients with ALS and 28 healthy controls (HCs). Pathologic C9orf72 repeated expansion was found in 13 patients. Mild cognitive and/or behavioral impairment was diagnosed in 22 C9orf72 negative ALS patients. Measures of cortical volume (CV) and cortical thickness (CT) of cerebellar lobules of all participants were used for Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify clusters of lobular measures highly correlated with each other. PCA outcomes were used for between group comparisons and correlation analyses with neuropsychological and clinical features. Results Disease severity measured with ALS functional rating scale and index of disease progression rate significantly correlated with CV reduction of the second PCA cluster loading CV measures of anterior lobules. In all patients, cognitive impairment, measured with verbal fluency, was related to CV reduction of the third cluster comprising posterior lobules. No specific cortical thinning or volume reduction of cerebellar clustering patterns could be detected in ALS subgroups. Conclusion Our data show that specific patterns of subregional cerebellar involvement are associated with physical disability or cognitive impairment in ALS, in line with the topographic organization of the cerebellum. However, there was no specific correlation between cerebellar degeneration and cognitive syndromes or C9orf72 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Consonni
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Diseases Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Dalla Bella
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Diseases Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pinardi
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Demichelis
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Porcu
- Laboratory of Methodology for Clinical Research, Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases, Motor Neuron Diseases Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Viviana Pensato
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases, Motor Neuron Diseases Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano F Cappa
- Institute for Advanced Study-IUSS Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Diseases Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy
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Ippolito G, Ferraro S, Zitiello M, Bonacci E, Garro L, Surace MF, D'angelo F, De Marinis G. Shoulder periprosthetic fracture in elderly patient: a minimally invasive osteosynthesis and "off-label" treatment with teriparatide. A case report and literature review. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:57-62. XIX Congresso Nazionale S.I.C.O.O.P. Societa' Italiana Chirurghi Ortopedici Dell'ospedalita' Privata Accreditata. [PMID: 31169004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A case of shoulder periprosthetic fracture in elderly patient. The patient underwent a minimally invasive osteosynthesis and "off-label" treatment with teriparatide. An 80-year-old woman patient following an accidental fall reported a transverse displaced diaphyseal fracture of the right humerus, distal to the stem of the inverse prosthesis. The patient suffering from severe osteoporosis and chronic ischaemic heart disease. The patient underwent fracture osteosynthesis surgery using a Hoffmann III mono-axial external fixator. Teriparatide administered at a dosage of 20 micrograms/day, for four months. At six months from the beginning of th e hybrid treatment, a complete healing of the fracture was observed radiologically and clinically. It is possible to affirm that the use of teriparatide off-label has a positive and additive effect in promoting the healing of fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ippolito
- Istituto chirurgico ortopedico traumatologico (ICOT), Latina, Italy
| | - S Ferraro
- Ospedale di circolo, Fondazione Macchi "Università Insubria" Varese, Italy
| | - M Zitiello
- Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - E Bonacci
- Istituto chirurgico ortopedico traumatologico (ICOT), Latina, Italy
| | - L Garro
- Casa di cura Villa Betania, Giomi, Roma, Italy
| | - M F Surace
- Ospedale Di Circolo, Fondazione Macchi, "Università Insubria", Varese, Italy
| | - F D'angelo
- Ospedale Di Circolo, Fondazione Macchi, "Università Insubria", Varese, Italy
| | - G De Marinis
- Istituto Chirurgico Ortopedico Traumatologico (ICOT), Latina, Italy
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Ferraro S, Nigri A, Nava S, Rosazza C, Sattin D, Sebastiano DR, Porcu L, Bruzzone MG, Marotta G, Benti R, Redolfi A, Matilde L, D'Incerti L. Interhemispherical Anatomical Disconnection in Disorders of Consciousness Patients. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:1535-1543. [PMID: 30520674 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.5820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with disorder of consciousness (DOC), the corpus callosum (CC) and subcortical white matter (SWM) integrity were shown to discriminate between diagnostic categories. The aims of the study were: (1) to clarify the link between the integrity of CC and of SWM and the clinical status in DOC patients, disentangling the role played by the different brain injuries (traumatic or hemorrhagic brain injury); (2) to investigate the relationship between the CC integrity and the brain metabolism. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of the CC and SWM integrity, using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), in a sample of DOC individuals, well balanced for diagnosis and etiology. The CC DTI-derived measures were correlated with the brain metabolism, computed with fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Our results showed that the CC macrostructural DTI-derived measures discriminate between diagnosis and correlate with the clinical status of DOC patients irrespective of the etiology. Moreover, the CC DTI-derived measures strongly correlate with the metabolism of the right hemisphere. No significant diagnostic accuracy emerged for the CC sMRI evaluation and the SWM measures. Our results indicate that: (1) the degree of the interhemispherical anatomical disconnection is a marker of the level of consciousness independent from the type of brain injury; (2) CC alterations might be the consequence of the reduced brain metabolism. Remarkably, our results suggest that the functional interplay between the two hemispheres is linked tightly to the level of consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Nigri
- 1 Neuroradiology Department, " Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Davide Sattin
- 3 Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit, and " Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Rossi Sebastiano
- 4 Neurophysiology Department of Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Porcu
- 5 Laboratory of Methodology for Clinical Research, Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Marotta
- 6 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Benti
- 6 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milan, Italy
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Chiappiniello A, Tarducci R, Muscio C, Frisoni G, Bruzzone M, Bozzali M, Perani D, Tiraboschi P, Nigri A, Ambrosi C, Caulo M, Chipi E, Chiti S, Fainardi E, Ferraro S, Festari C, Gasparotti R, Ginestroni A, Giulietti G, Mascaro L, Navarra R, Nicolosi V, Parnetti L, Rosazza C, Serra L, Tagliavini F, Jovicich J. 22. Multicentric test-retest reproducibility of human hippocampal volumes with FreeSurfer 6.0: A comparison between standard and longitudinal hippocampal subfields segmentation streams applied to 3D T1, 3D FLAIR and high-resolution 2D T2 neuroimaging. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Buczinski S, Ferraro S, Vandeweerd JM. Assessment of systematic reviews and meta-analyses available for bovine and equine veterinarians and quality of abstract reporting: A scoping review. Prev Vet Med 2018; 161:50-59. [PMID: 30466658 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is used in various areas including veterinary medicine. The assessment of the quality of systematic review and meta-analyses (SR-MA) despite their importance in the EBM process is uncommonly performed in veterinary medicine due to the absence of specific dedicated tools. The main objective of this observational study was to examine the extent and nature of SR-MA that can be available online to an equine or bovine veterinarian. Secondary objectives included: (1) to determine if A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) tool can be used for equine and bovine SR-MA methodological assessment and if it has a satisfactory interrater reliability in a subsample of these SR-MA and (2) to appraise the completeness of abstract reporting of this sample. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING A scoping review using equine and bovine medical science SR-MA retrieved from PubMed was performed. A sub-sample of these reviews (n = 30) were independently assessed by 3 different raters using the AMSTAR tool validated for medical reviews. The completeness of abstract reporting was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. RESULTS Ten and 168 SR-MA were retrieved for equine and bovine species respectively. For bovine SR-MA, 93 reviews were about nutrition and metabolism topic. On the 30 SR-MA subsamples, with 10 equine and 20 bovine SR-MA randomly chosen for AMSTAR assessment, the median interrater agreement (Kappa) was 0.60 (interquartile range: 0.36-0.71) depending on AMSTAR item and pairs of raters. When focusing on the total score of AMSTAR, the inter-observer intra-class correlation coefficient was very good (0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-0.92). The AMSTAR items that were unfrequently reported (33% or less of reviews) were "a priori" protocol of SR-MA specification, complete report of the list of studies (included and excluded studies), quality assessment of the included studies, publication bias assessment and conflict of interest (reported either for included studies and for SR-MA authors). Abstracts reporting quality was low with a median percentage of complete reported items of 33% (range: 8-58%) CONCLUSIONS: In large animal veterinary medicine, SR-MA are uncommonly performed in equine and bovine medicine. The SR-MA can be assessed using AMSTAR with acceptable inter-rater reliability, which is helpful to assess SR-MA methodological quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Buczinski
- Département des sciences cliniques, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - S Ferraro
- Département des sciences cliniques, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - J M Vandeweerd
- Integrated Veterinary Research Unit, Research Institute for Life Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Sciences, Université de Namur, Belgium
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Gianfagna F, Veronesi G, Tozzi M, Tarallo A, Borchini R, Ferrario MM, Bertù L, Montonati A, Castelli P, Castelli P, Tozzi M, Ferrario MM, Gianfagna F, Veronesi G, Bertù L, Mara L, Montonati A, Tarallo A, Franchin M, Angrisano A, Tadiello M, Quarti LM, Tagliabue I, Buscarini E, Farioli V, Sala G, Agrusti S, Colombo A, Ferraro S, Rivolta N, Piffaretti G, Borchini R, Conti M, Maio RC, Andreotta U, Ruspa M, Turetta L, Abate T, Rossi S, Ghiringhelli M, Quadrini F, Facchinetti N, Dashi O, Mombelli S, Mazzoleni D, Martignoni MP, Caravati G, De Luca G. Prevalence of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in the General Population and in Subgroups at High Cardiovascular Risk in Italy. Results of the RoCAV Population Based Study. J Vasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gianfagna F, Veronesi G, Tozzi M, Tarallo A, Borchini R, Ferrario MM, Bertù L, Montonati A, Castelli P, Castelli P, Tozzi M, Ferrario MM, Gianfagna F, Veronesi G, Bertù L, Mara L, Montonati A, Tarallo A, Franchin M, Angrisano A, Tadiello M, Quarti LM, Tagliabue I, Buscarini E, Farioli V, Sala G, Agrusti S, Colombo A, Ferraro S, Rivolta N, Piffaretti G, Borchini R, Conti M, Maio RC, Andreotta U, Ruspa M, Turetta L, Abate T, Rossi S, Ghiringhelli M, Quadrini F, Facchinetti N, Dashi O, Mombelli S, Mazzoleni D, Martignoni MP, Caravati G, De Luca G. Prevalence of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in the General Population and in Subgroups at High Cardiovascular Risk in Italy. Results of the RoCAV Population Based Study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2018; 55:633-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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50
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Ferraro S, Nigri A, Bruzzone MG, Brivio L, Proietti Cecchini A, Verri M, Chiapparini L, Leone M. Defective functional connectivity between posterior hypothalamus and regions of the diencephalic-mesencephalic junction in chronic cluster headache. Cephalalgia 2018. [PMID: 29517304 DOI: 10.1177/0333102418761048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis of a defective functional connectivity between the posterior hypothalamus and diencephalic-mesencephalic regions in chronic cluster headache based on: a) clinical and neuro-endocrinological findings in cluster headache patients; b) neuroimaging findings during cluster headache attacks; c) neuroimaging findings in drug-refractory chronic cluster headache patients improved after successful deep brain stimulation. METHODS Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging, associated with a seed-based approach, was employed to investigate the functional connectivity of the posterior hypothalamus in chronic cluster headache patients (n = 17) compared to age and sex-matched healthy subjects (n = 16). Random-effect analyses were performed to study differences between patients and controls in ipsilateral and contralateral-to-the-pain posterior hypothalamus functional connectivity. RESULTS Cluster headache patients showed an increased functional connectivity between the ipsilateral posterior hypothalamus and a number of diencephalic-mesencephalic structures, comprising ventral tegmental area, dorsal nuclei of raphe, and bilateral substantia nigra, sub-thalamic nucleus, and red nucleus ( p < 0.005 FDR-corrected vs . control group). No difference between patients and controls was found comparing the contralateral hypothalami. CONCLUSIONS The observed deranged functional connectivity between the posterior ipsilateral hypothalamus and diencephalic-mesencephalic regions in chronic cluster headache patients mainly involves structures that are part of (i.e. ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra) or modulate (dorsal nuclei of raphe, sub-thalamic nucleus) the midbrain dopaminergic systems. The midbrain dopaminergic systems could play a role in cluster headache pathophysiology and in particular in the chronicization process. Future studies are needed to better clarify if this finding is specific to cluster headache or if it represents an unspecific response to chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Ferraro
- 1 Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- 1 Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- 1 Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Brivio
- 1 Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Proietti Cecchini
- 2 Headache and Neuroalgology Department, Pain Neuromodulation Unit of Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Verri
- 1 Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- 1 Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Leone
- 2 Headache and Neuroalgology Department, Pain Neuromodulation Unit of Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
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