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Bukomarhe CB, Kimwemwe PK, Githiri SM, Mamati EG, Kimani W, Mutai C, Nganga F, Nguezet PMD, Mignouna J, Civava RM, Fofana M. Association Mapping of Candidate Genes Associated with Iron and Zinc Content in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Grains. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1815. [PMID: 37761955 PMCID: PMC10530939 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies, particularly of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), in the diet contribute to health issues and hidden hunger. Enhancing the Fe and Zn content in globally staple food crops like rice is necessary to address food malnutrition. A Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) was conducted using 85 diverse rice accessions from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) to identify genomic regions associated with grain Fe and Zn content. The Fe content ranged from 0.95 to 8.68 mg/100 g on a dry weight basis (dwb) while Zn content ranged from 0.87 to 3.8 mg/100 g (dwb). Using MLM and FarmCPU models, we found 10 significant SNPs out of which one SNP on chromosome 11 was associated with the variation in Fe content and one SNP on chromosome 4 was associated with the Zn content, and both were commonly detected by the two models. Candidate genes belonging to transcription regulator activities, including the bZIP family genes and MYB family genes, as well as transporter activities involved in Fe and Zn homeostasis were identified in the vicinity of the SNP markers and selected. The identified SNP markers hold promise for marker-assisted selection in rice breeding programs aimed at enhancing Fe and Zn content in rice. This study provides valuable insights into the genetic factors controlling Fe and Zn uptake and their transport and accumulation in rice, offering opportunities for developing biofortified rice varieties to combat malnutrition among rice consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chance Bahati Bukomarhe
- Department of Horticulture and Food Security, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya; (P.K.K.); (S.M.G.); (E.G.M.)
- Olusegun O. Research Campus, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Bukavu P.O. Box 1222, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (J.M.); (M.F.)
- Institut National Pour l’Etude et la Recherche Agronomiques (INERA), Kinshasa P.O. Box 2037, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Paul Kitenge Kimwemwe
- Department of Horticulture and Food Security, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya; (P.K.K.); (S.M.G.); (E.G.M.)
- Olusegun O. Research Campus, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Bukavu P.O. Box 1222, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (J.M.); (M.F.)
- Institut National Pour l’Etude et la Recherche Agronomiques (INERA), Kinshasa P.O. Box 2037, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Université de Kalemie (UNIKAL), Kalemie P.O. Box 570, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Stephen Mwangi Githiri
- Department of Horticulture and Food Security, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya; (P.K.K.); (S.M.G.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Edward George Mamati
- Department of Horticulture and Food Security, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya; (P.K.K.); (S.M.G.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Wilson Kimani
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi P.O. Box 30709-00100, Kenya; (C.M.); (F.N.)
| | - Collins Mutai
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi P.O. Box 30709-00100, Kenya; (C.M.); (F.N.)
| | - Fredrick Nganga
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi P.O. Box 30709-00100, Kenya; (C.M.); (F.N.)
| | - Paul-Martin Dontsop Nguezet
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Kalemie P.O. Box 570, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Jacob Mignouna
- Olusegun O. Research Campus, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Bukavu P.O. Box 1222, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (J.M.); (M.F.)
| | - René Mushizi Civava
- Institut National Pour l’Etude et la Recherche Agronomiques (INERA), Kinshasa P.O. Box 2037, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Université Evangélique en Afrique (UEA), Bukavu P.O. Box 3323, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Mamadou Fofana
- Olusegun O. Research Campus, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Bukavu P.O. Box 1222, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (J.M.); (M.F.)
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Wafula EN, Onduso M, Wainaina IN, Buvé C, Kinyanjui PK, Githiri SM, Saeys W, Sila DN, Hendrickx M. Antinutrient to mineral molar ratios of raw common beans and their rapid prediction using near-infrared spectroscopy. Food Chem 2021; 368:130773. [PMID: 34399183 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The presence of antinutrients in common beans negatively affects mineral bioavailability. Therefore, this study aimed to predict the antinutrient to mineral molar ratios (proxy-indicators of in vitro mineral bioavailability) of a wide range of raw bean types, using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Iron, zinc, phytate and tannin concentrations and, antinutrient to mineral molar ratios were determined. Next, model calibration using NIR spectra from milled beans was performed. This entailed wavelength selection, pre-processing and partial least squares regression. Bean type had a significant effect on tannin content. The average values of phytate to iron (Phy:Fe), phytate to zinc (Phy:Zn), tannins to iron (Tan:Fe) and phytate and tannins to iron (Phy + Tan:Fe) MRs were 27.6, 61.7, 16.0 and 43.6, respectively. With determination coefficients for test set prediction above 75%, the PLS-R models for Phy:Zn, Tan:Fe and Phy + Tan:Fe molar ratios are useful for screening purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Nakhungu Wafula
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, P.O. Box 62, 000-00200 Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Mercyline Onduso
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, P.O. Box 62, 000-00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Irene Njoki Wainaina
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carolien Buvé
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Kahenya Kinyanjui
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, P.O. Box 62, 000-00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Stephen Mwangi Githiri
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, School of Agriculture and Environmental Resources, Department of Horticulture and Food Security, P.O. Box 62, 000-00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Wouter Saeys
- KU Leuven, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), Division of Mechatronics, Biostatistics and Sensors (MeBios), Kasteelpark Arenberg30, Box 2456, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel Ndaka Sila
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, P.O. Box 62, 000-00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Marc Hendrickx
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Van Nguyen L, Takahashi R, Githiri SM, Rodriguez TO, Tsutsumi N, Kajihara S, Sayama T, Ishimoto M, Harada K, Suematsu K, Abiko T, Mochizuki T. Mapping quantitative trait loci for root development under hypoxia conditions in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). Theor Appl Genet 2017; 130:743-755. [PMID: 28097398 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-016-2847-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Greatest potential, QTLs for hypoxia and waterlogging tolerance in soybean roots were detected using a new phenotypic evaluation method. Waterlogging is a major environmental stress limiting soybean yield in wet parts of the world. Root development is an important indicator of hypoxia tolerance in soybean. However, little is known about the genetic control of root development under hypoxia. This study was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for root development under hypoxia. Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between a hypoxia-sensitive cultivar, Tachinagaha, and a tolerant landrace, Iyodaizu, were used. Seedlings were subjected to hypoxia, and root development was evaluated with the value change in root traits between after and before treatments. We found 230 polymorphic markers spanning 2519.2 cM distributed on all 20 chromosomes (Chrs.). Using these, we found 11 QTLs for root length (RL), root length development (RLD), root surface area (RSA), root surface area development (RSAD), root diameter (RD), and change in average root diameter (CARD) on Chrs. 11, 12, 13 and 14, and 7 QTLs for hypoxia tolerance of these root traits. These included QTLs for RLD and RSAD between markers Satt052 and Satt302 on Chr. 12, which are important markers of hypoxia tolerance in soybean; those QTLs were stable between 2 years. To validate the QTLs, we developed a near-isogenic line with the QTL region derived from Iyodaizu. The line performed well under both hypoxia and waterlogging, suggesting that the region contains one or more genes with large effects on root development. These findings may be useful for fine mapping and positional cloning of gene responsible for root development under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loc Van Nguyen
- Graduate School of Bioresource and Environmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
| | - Ryoji Takahashi
- NARO Institute of Crop Science, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8518, Japan
| | - Stephen Mwangi Githiri
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Tito O Rodriguez
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8518, Japan
| | - Nobuko Tsutsumi
- University Farm, Kyushu University, 111 Harumachi, Kasuya-cho, Kasuya-gun, Fukuoka, 811-2307, Japan
| | - Sayuri Kajihara
- University Farm, Kyushu University, 111 Harumachi, Kasuya-cho, Kasuya-gun, Fukuoka, 811-2307, Japan
| | - Takasi Sayama
- NARO Institute of Crop Science, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8518, Japan
| | - Masao Ishimoto
- NARO Institute of Crop Science, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8518, Japan
| | - Kyuya Harada
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keisuke Suematsu
- Graduate School of Bioresource and Environmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Tomomi Abiko
- Graduate School of Bioresource and Environmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Mochizuki
- Graduate School of Bioresource and Environmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
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