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Maryam S, Naz H, Ahmed T, Omran A, Alanazi YF, Usman M, Ijaz MU, Shah SQA, Qazi AA, Ali B, Ali H, Alasmari A, Heidary K. Determination of histological and genotoxic parameters of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus exposed to lead (Pb). Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2023; 69:7-15. [PMID: 37329554 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2023.69.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the hazardous effects of lead on the histological and genotoxic parameters of the fish, Oreochromis niloticus. Present work was conducted in a series of three steps. In first step, acute toxicity, LC50 and lethal lead concentration were measured using Probit analysis method. LC50 value and lethal concentration for O. niloticus was measured as 77.673 mgL-1 and 150.924 mgL-1, respectively. In second step, histological changes were assessed by preparing slides of tissues of the gills, liver and kidney of both control and Pb-stressed O. niloticus and examining the respective tissues under the light microscope. The inferences showed significant histological alterations (p<0.05) in the gills of Pb-exposed fish including necrosis, edema, vascular congestion, shortening and curling and lifting of the epithelium of secondary lamella in gills. The cellular degeneration and dilation of sinusoids in liver and loss of hemopoietic tissue, necrosis and edema in kidney was observed. Histomorphometry of the liver showed a decrease in diameter of the central vein and hepatocyte along with an increase in width of sinusoids. The histomorphometry of kidney showed an increase in the diameter of renal corpuscle, glomerulus, proximal and distal convoluted tubules. The nuclear anomalies were studied in the RBCs of fish. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test was conducted to compare nuclear abnormalities and the frequency of micronuclei among the control and lead-treated fish groups. Results declared an increased micronucleus, notched and de-shaped nuclei frequency, in RBCs of fish exposed to lead as compared to control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeema Maryam
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | - Huma Naz
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | - Tanveer Ahmed
- Department of Life Sciences, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.
| | - Awatif Omran
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yasmene F Alanazi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk,71491, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Qaswar Ali Shah
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | - Adnan Ahmad Qazi
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | - Basharat Ali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.
| | - Habib Ali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.
| | - Abdulrahman Alasmari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, university of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kambiz Heidary
- Mostafa Parvini Model High School, Area 1 Education, Department of Education, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Espinosa-Gongora C, Shah SQA, Jessen LR, Bortolaia V, Langebæk R, Bjørnvad CR, Guardabassi L. Quantitative assessment of faecal shedding of β-lactam-resistant Escherichia coli and enterococci in dogs. Vet Microbiol 2015; 181:298-302. [PMID: 26494111 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative data on faecal shedding of antimicrobial resistant bacteria are crucial to assess the risk of transmission from dogs to other animals as well as humans. In this study we investigated prevalence and concentrations of β-lactam-resistant Escherichia coli and enterococci in the faeces of 108 dogs presenting at a veterinary hospital in Denmark. The dogs had not been treated with antimicrobials for 4 weeks prior to the study. Total E. coli and enterococci were quantified by counts on MacConkey and Slanetz-Bartley, respectively. Resistant E. coli and enterococci were counted on the same media containing relevant antibiotic concentrations, followed by species identification using MALDI-TOF. Ampicillin- and cefotaxime-resistant E. coli were detected in 40% and 8% of the dogs, respectively, whereas approximately 15% carried ampicillin-resistant enterococci, mainly Enterococcus faecium. In the faeces of the carriers, the proportion of resistant strains in the total bacterial species population was on average 15% for both ampicillin-resistant E. coli (median faecal load 3.2×10(4)cfu/g) and E. faecium (5.8×10(2) cfu/g), and 4.6% for cefotaxime-resistant E. coli (8.6×10(3) cfu/g). Cefotaxime resistance was associated with the presence of blaCTX-M-1 (n=4), blaCMY-2 (n=4) or multiple mutations in the promoter and coding region of chromosomal ampC (n=1). Altogether the results indicate that the risks of zoonotic transmission of β-lactam-resistant bacteria via human exposure to canine faeces greatly vary amongst individual dogs and are influenced by unidentified factors other than recent antimicrobial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Espinosa-Gongora
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Syed Qaswar Ali Shah
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Rem Jessen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Valeria Bortolaia
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Rikke Langebæk
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Reinhard Bjørnvad
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Luca Guardabassi
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Shah SQA, Sørum H. Genetic localization of a TetR-like transcriptional regulator gene in Pseudomonas fluorescens isolated from farmed fish. J Appl Genet 2014; 55:541-4. [PMID: 24871198 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-014-0221-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates from Tanzanian tilapia ponds were found to possess a gene encoding a TetR-like transcriptional regulator protein. Phylogenetic analysis revealed close similarity to five previously reported GeneBank sequences which cluster separately from the other 70 members of this family. It is assumed that this TetR-like protein belongs to a new family of TetR-like proteins that has no direct link to the class 1 integron.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q A Shah
- School of Veterinary Science, Oslo, Norway,
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