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Huang HY, Shah LM, McNally JS, Sant T, Hutchins TA, Goldstein ED, Peckham ME. COVID-19-Associated Myelitis Involving the Dorsal and Lateral White Matter Tracts: A Case Series and Review of the Literature. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1912-1917. [PMID: 34413066 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) myelitis is a rare condition, most commonly presenting with nonenhancing central expansile cord T2 signal changes. A single case report has also described longitudinal involvement of the dorsal columns. We present 5 cases of COVID-19-associated myelitis with tract-specific involvement of the dorsal and lateral columns and discuss potential pathophysiologic pathways for this unique pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Huang
- From the Department of Neurology (H.Y.H., E.D.G.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - L M Shah
- Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (L.M.S., J.S.M., T.A.H., M.E.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - J S McNally
- Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (L.M.S., J.S.M., T.A.H., M.E.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - T Sant
- School of Medicine (T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - T A Hutchins
- Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (L.M.S., J.S.M., T.A.H., M.E.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - E D Goldstein
- From the Department of Neurology (H.Y.H., E.D.G.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - M E Peckham
- Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (L.M.S., J.S.M., T.A.H., M.E.P.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Shah LM, Kranz PG, Anzai Y, Hutchins TA, Gibbs WN, Pierson N, Aldred BW, Wiggins RH. Critical Assessment of Myelography Practices: A Call for Rational Guideline Revision. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:2378-2384. [PMID: 30385469 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patient preparation for myelography and postprocedural monitoring varies widely between practices, despite published guidelines. Our aim was to examine the current practice variations in discontinuing reportedly seizure threshold-lowering medications before myelography and to assess the reported incidence of postmyelographic seizures. MATERIALS AND METHODS An e-mail survey was sent to American Society of Neuroradiology members concerning the number of postmyelographic seizures experienced in the past 5 years, the presence of an institutional policy for discontinuing seizure threshold-lowering medications, and the type of myelographic contrast used. We compared the postmyelographic seizure frequency in the responses. RESULTS Of 700 survey responses, 57% reported that they do not discontinue seizure threshold-lowering medications before myelography. Most (97%) indicated never having a patient experience a seizure following myelography. The number of postmyelographic seizures between those who discontinue seizure threshold-lowering medications and those who do not was not statistically significant (OR = 2.13; 95% CI, 0.91-4.98; P = .08). Most (95%) reported using nonionic hypo-osmolar agents. CONCLUSIONS Survey results revealed widely variable practices for patient myelography preparation and postprocedural monitoring. We found no difference in reported seizures between those who discontinued seizure threshold-lowering medications and those who did not. In light of our findings, we propose that discontinuing reportedly seizure threshold-lowering medications is not warranted with the current nonionic water-soluble contrast agents and may be potentially harmful in some instances. This work supports revision of existing recommendations to withhold such medications before myelography.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Shah
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University (L.M.S., Y.A., T.A.H., N.P., B.W.A., R.H.W.), Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - P G Kranz
- Department of Radiology (P.G.K.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Y Anzai
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University (L.M.S., Y.A., T.A.H., N.P., B.W.A., R.H.W.), Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - T A Hutchins
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University (L.M.S., Y.A., T.A.H., N.P., B.W.A., R.H.W.), Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - W N Gibbs
- Department of Radiology (W.N.G.), Keck Medical Center of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - N Pierson
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University (L.M.S., Y.A., T.A.H., N.P., B.W.A., R.H.W.), Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - B W Aldred
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University (L.M.S., Y.A., T.A.H., N.P., B.W.A., R.H.W.), Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - R H Wiggins
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University (L.M.S., Y.A., T.A.H., N.P., B.W.A., R.H.W.), Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Peckham ME, Shah LM, Tsai AC, Quigley EP, Cramer J, Hutchins TA. C1 Posterior Arch Flare Point: A Useful Landmark for Fluoroscopically Guided C1-2 Puncture. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:1562-1567. [PMID: 29930095 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The C1-2 intrathecal puncture is routinely performed when lumbar puncture is not feasible. Usage has steadily decreased in part because of the perceived high risk of injury to the cervical cord. Up to this point, vague fluoroscopic guidelines have been used, creating uncertainty about the actual needle location relative to the spinal cord. We present a novel osseous landmark to aid in C1-2 intrathecal puncture, corresponding to the posterior spinal cord margin on lateral fluoroscopic views. This landmark, which we have termed the "flare point," represents the triangular "flaring" of the posterior C1 arch at its junction with the anterior arch. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cervical spine CT myelograms were reviewed. High-resolution axial images were reformatted into the sagittal plane, and maximum-intensity-projection images were created to simulate a lateral fluoroscopic view. Tangential lines were drawn along the superior cortices of the anterior and posterior C1 arches, with the point of intersection used to approximate the flare point. Chart review was performed for all C1-2 punctures using the flare point technique in the past 3 years. RESULTS Forty-two cervical myelograms were reviewed. The average flare point was 0.2 ± 0.5 mm posterior to the dorsal spinal cord margin. In 37/42 subjects, the flare point was localized posterior to the spinal cord. Targeting by means of the flare point was used in 16 C1-2 punctures without complications. CONCLUSIONS The C1 posterior arch flare point accurately approximates the dorsal spinal cord margin on myelography. Targeting between the flare point and the spinolaminar line, at the mid-C1-2 interspace, allows safe and optimal needle positioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Peckham
- From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (M.E.P., L.M.S., A.T., E.P.Q., T.A.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - L M Shah
- From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (M.E.P., L.M.S., A.T., E.P.Q., T.A.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - A C Tsai
- From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (M.E.P., L.M.S., A.T., E.P.Q., T.A.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - E P Quigley
- From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (M.E.P., L.M.S., A.T., E.P.Q., T.A.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - J Cramer
- Department of Radiology (J.C.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - T A Hutchins
- From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (M.E.P., L.M.S., A.T., E.P.Q., T.A.H.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Peckham ME, Hutchins TA, Stilwill SE, Mills MK, Morrissey BJ, Joiner EAR, Sanders RK, Stoddard GJ, Shah LM. Localizing the L5 Vertebra Using Nerve Morphology on MRI: An Accurate and Reliable Technique. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:2008-2014. [PMID: 28775057 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Multiple methods have been used to determine the lumbar vertebral level on MR imaging, particularly when full spine imaging is unavailable. Because postmortem studies show 95% accuracy of numbering the lumbar vertebral bodies by counting the lumbar nerve roots, attention to lumbar nerve morphology on axial MR imaging can provide numbering clues. We sought to determine whether the L5 vertebra could be accurately localized by using nerve morphology on MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred eight cases with full spine MR imaging were numbered from the C2 vertebral body to the sacrum with note of thoracolumbar and lumbosacral transitional states. The origin level of the L5 nerve and iliolumbar ligament were documented in all cases. The reference standard of numbering by full spine imaging was compared with the nerve morphology numbering method. Five blinded raters evaluated all lumbar MRIs with nerve morphology technique twice. Prevalence and bias-adjusted κ were used to measure interrater and intrarater reliability. RESULTS The L5 nerve arose from the 24th presacral vertebra (L5) in 106/108 cases. The percentage of perfect agreement with the reference standard was 98.1% (95% CI, 93.5%-99.8%), which was preserved in transitional and numeric variation states. The iliolumbar ligament localization method showed 83.3% (95% CI, 74.9%-89.8%) perfect agreement with the reference standard. Inter- and intrarater reliability when using the nerve morphology method was strong. CONCLUSIONS The exiting L5 nerve can allow accurate localization of the corresponding vertebrae, which is essential for preprocedure planning in cases where full spine imaging is not available. This neuroanatomic method displays higher agreement with the reference standard compared with previously described methods, with strong inter- and intrarater reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Peckham
- From the Neuroradiology Division (M.E.P., T.A.H., G.J.S., L.M.S.)
| | - T A Hutchins
- From the Neuroradiology Division (M.E.P., T.A.H., G.J.S., L.M.S.)
| | - S E Stilwill
- Musculoskeletal Division (S.E.S., M.K.M., R.K.S.)
| | - M K Mills
- Musculoskeletal Division (S.E.S., M.K.M., R.K.S.)
| | - B J Morrissey
- Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (B.J.M., E.A.R.J.), University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - E A R Joiner
- Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (B.J.M., E.A.R.J.), University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - R K Sanders
- Musculoskeletal Division (S.E.S., M.K.M., R.K.S.)
| | - G J Stoddard
- From the Neuroradiology Division (M.E.P., T.A.H., G.J.S., L.M.S.)
| | - L M Shah
- From the Neuroradiology Division (M.E.P., T.A.H., G.J.S., L.M.S.)
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Brown MA, Hutchins TA, Gamsky CJ, Wagner MS, Page SH, Marsh JM. Liquid crystal colloidal structures for increased silicone deposition efficiency on colour-treated hair. Int J Cosmet Sci 2010; 32:193-203. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2010.00540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Thirteen lactating dairy cows from a herd of 650 died over a 6-week period. Most animals were down in milk production at 1 milking and were found dead at the next milking. Two cows had elevated heart rate and enlarged mandibular lymph nodes. Two others had azotemia, elevated heart rate, hyperglycemia, and weight loss. Necropsy of 10 cows revealed hemorrhages on the intestinal serosa and epicardium, lymphadenopathy, interstitial nephritis, small intestinal hemorrhage, and interstitial pneumonia. Histopathology showed lymphocytic to lymphogranulomatous inflammation in the heart, spleen, kidney, lymph nodes, liver, lung, pancreas, and adrenal gland. Phlebitis was present in 2 livers. The lesions resembled those of hairy vetch toxicosis, but no vetch was being fed. Similar lesions have been reported with the feeding of citrus pulp. Citrus pulp was being fed to the lactating cows and had been added to the diet 6 weeks before the first death. The syndrome resolved with elimination of citrus pulp from the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Saunders
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061-0442, USA
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Lackey TL, Hutchins HS, Hutchins TA. Survey of emergency preparedness of pediatric dentists from the Southeastern United States. ASDC J Dent Child 2000; 67:47-9. [PMID: 10736658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The fact that 91 percent of respondents to this survey said they could benefit from more emergency training indicates an awareness on the part of clinicians of the importance of emergency preparedness. The average number of hours of continuing education courses in emergency management over the last ten years of the responding dentists was less than six hours. This, coupled with the fact that one third of the responding dentists were not comfortable with their staff's emergency preparedness, should serve as a wake up call to all practicing pediatric dentists, to our institutions who train these dentists, and to the Associations who regulate and govern the practice of dentistry. More continuing education courses on this topic would be very timely and helpful to these respondents.
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