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Alexander H, Govindan RB, Anwar T, Chirumamilla VC, Fayed I, Keating RF, Gaillard WD, Oluigbo CO. Global and intertuberal epileptic networks in tuberous sclerosis based on stereoelectroencephalographic (sEEG) findings: a quantitative EEG analysis in pediatric subjects and surgical implications. Childs Nerv Syst 2022; 38:407-419. [PMID: 34455445 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-021-05342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent evidence favors a network concept in tuberous sclerosis (TSC) with seizure generation and propagation related to changes in global and regional connectivity between multiple, anatomically distant tubers. Direct exploration of network dynamics in TSC has been made possible through intracranial sampling with stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG). The objective of this study is to define epileptic networks in TSC using quantitative analysis of sEEG recordings. We also discuss the impact of the definition of these epileptic networks on surgical decision-making. METHODS Intracranial sEEG recordings were obtained from four pediatric patients who presented with medically refractory epilepsy secondary to TSC and subjected to quantitative signal analysis methods. Cortical connectivity was quantified by calculating pairwise coherence between all contacts and constructing an association matrix. The global coherence, defined as the ratio of the largest eigenvalue to the sum of all the eigenvalues, was calculated for each frequency band (delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma). Spatial distribution of the connectivity was identified by plotting the leading principal component (product of the largest eigenvalue and its corresponding eigenvector). RESULTS Four pediatric subjects with TSC underwent invasive intracranial monitoring with sEEG, comprising 31 depth electrodes and 250 contacts, for localization of the epileptogenic focus and guidance of subsequent surgical intervention. Quantitative connectivity analysis revealed a change in global coherence during the ictal period in the beta/low gamma (14-30 Hz) and high gamma (31-80 Hz) bands. Our results corroborate findings from existing literature, which implicate higher frequencies as a driver of synchrony and desynchrony. CONCLUSIONS Coordinated high-frequency activity in the beta/low gamma and high gamma bands among spatially distant sEEG define the ictal period in TSC. This time-dependent change in global coherence demonstrates evidence for intra-tuberal and inter-tuberal connectivity in TSC. This observation has surgical implications. It suggests that targeting multiple tubers has a higher chance of seizure control as there is a higher chance of disrupting the epileptic network. The use of laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) allowed us to target multiple disparately located tubers in a minimally invasive manner with good seizure control outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Alexander
- Division of Neurosurgery, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3900 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - R B Govindan
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.,George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - T Anwar
- Division of Neurology, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - V C Chirumamilla
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.,George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - I Fayed
- Division of Neurosurgery, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.,MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - R F Keating
- Division of Neurosurgery, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.,George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - W D Gaillard
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.,Division of Neurology, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - C O Oluigbo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA. .,George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
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Mohamed Afif A, Goh MZH, Lin YJ, Ho GD, Anwar T, Chong CM, Sim J. An analysis of the continuing professional development needs of radiographers and radiation therapists in Singapore. Radiography (Lond) 2021; 27:927-934. [PMID: 33775519 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Continuing Professional development (CPD) is deemed essential for the Radiographers (DR) and Radiation Therapists (RT) after Singapore commenced state registration. Diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy treatment services are constantly revolutionizing and those working in this field requires sufficient knowledge of the uptrends for training and development. The purpose of this survey is to identify the current training needs of the registered DR and RT in Singapore, and to understand their views about CPD activities. METHODS An online questionnaire was disseminated by the Singapore Society of Radiographers (SSR) to all registered DR and RT in Singapore, and all practicing in restructured and private hospitals were included. Data collection took place from January 2018 to April 2018. RESULTS 102 responses were analysed, where 89 were DR and 13 were RT. CPD was provided in 72.5% (n = 74) of the participants' institutions, and 69.6% (n = 71) of participants were aware of CPD. Interestingly, participants were significantly more likely to be unaware of CPD when working in an institution which do not offer CPD. Training programme objective was the most important factor for selecting a programme. 93.1% (n = 95) preferred SSR to support them for CPD. There were a few constraints to CPD engagements identified such as financial factors, lack of time, and institution availability. CONCLUSION There was significant intrinsic motivation in a quality CPD activity. CPD activities should be current, accessible and relevant for the healthcare professionals to increase participation, which directly contributes to high standards of clinical care. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Local healthcare institutions should be aware and address needs, gaps and aspirations of the local DR and RT community to ensure adequate preparation has been made upon initiation of mandatory CPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mohamed Afif
- Department of Radiography, Division of Radiological Sciences, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road 169608, Singapore.
| | - M Z H Goh
- Department of Radiography, Division of Radiological Sciences, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road 169608, Singapore.
| | - Y J Lin
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, 169610, Singapore.
| | - G D Ho
- National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119074, Singapore.
| | - T Anwar
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, 169610, Singapore.
| | - C M Chong
- National Healthcare Group Diagnostics, 3 Fusionpolis Link, #05-08, Nexus@One-North (South Tower), 138543, Singapore.
| | - J Sim
- Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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Qureshi H, Anwar T, Habib N, Ali Q, Haider MZ, Yasmin S, Munazir M, Basit Z, Waseem M. Multiple comparisons of diversity indices invaded by Lantana camara. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:83-91. [PMID: 32236291 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.222147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Current study assessed the impact of Lantana camara invasion on native plant diversity in Pothohar region of Pakistan. The approach used for study was random samplings and comparisons of diversity indices [number of species (S), abundance (N), species richness (R), evenness (Jꞌ), Shannon diversity index (Hꞌ) and Simpson index of dominance (λ)] with two categorical factors i.e., invaded and non-invaded (control). Control plots harboured by an average of 1.74 more species/10m2. The control category was diverse (Hꞌ=2.56) than invaded category (Hꞌ=1.56). The higher value of species richness in control plots shows heterogeneous nature of communities and vice versa in invaded plots. At multivariate scale, ordination (nMDS) and ANOSIM showed significant magnitude of differences between invaded and control plots at all sites. The decrease in studied diversity indices in invaded over control sites indicated that plant communities become less productive due to Lantana invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Qureshi
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan-29050, Pakistan.,Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi-46300, Pakistan
| | - T Anwar
- Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi-46300, Pakistan
| | - N Habib
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad-38000, Pakistan
| | - Q Ali
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad-38000, Pakistan
| | - M Z Haider
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad-38000, Pakistan
| | - S Yasmin
- Department of Botany, Government College for Women University, Sialkot-51310, Pakistan
| | - M Munazir
- Department of Botany, Government College for Women University, Sialkot-51310, Pakistan
| | - Z Basit
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi-46300, Pakistan
| | - M Waseem
- Department of Biology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad-44000, Pakistan
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Abstract
This study is focused towards developing a global consensus sequence of nonstructural protein 2 (NSP2), a protease of Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) and predict immunogenic promiscuous T-cell epitopes based on various bioinformatics tools. To date, no epitope data is available for the Chikungunya virus in the IEDB database. In this study, 100 available nucleotide sequences of NSP2-CHIKV belonging to different strains were downloaded from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. The nucleotide sequences were subjected to translated sequencing using the EXPASY tool followed by protein alignment using the CLC workbench and a global consensus sequence for the respective protein was developed. IEDB tool was used to predict HLA-I and HLA-II binding promiscuous epitopes from the consensus sequence of NSP2-CHIKV. Thirty-four B-cell based epitopes are predicted and the promiscuous epitope is VVDTTGSTKPDPGD at position 341-354. Twenty-six MHC-I short peptide epitopes are predicted to bind with HLA-A. The promiscuous epitopes predicted to bind with HLA-A*01:01 are VTAIVSSLHY, SLSESATMVY, FSKPLVYY, QPTDHVVGEY at positions 317-326, 84-93, 535-544 and 15-24 with percentile ranks 0.17, 0.39, 0.51 and 0.81, respectively. Twenty-four MHC-II short peptide epitopes are predicted for HLA-DRB. The promiscuous epitope predicted to bind with HLA-DRB*01:01 is VVGEYLVLSPQTVLRS from 20-35 with a lowest percentile rank of 0.01. These predicted epitopes can be effective targets towards development of vaccine against CHIKV. Epitopes predicted in this study displayed good binding affinity, antigenicity and promiscuity for the HLA classes. These predicted epitopes can prove to be translationally important towards the development of CHIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fazal
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - T Anwar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Y Waheed
- Foundation University Medical College, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - F Parvaiz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
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Anwar T, Qureshi H, Parveen N, Bashir R, Qaisar U, Munazir M, Yasmin S, Basit Z, Mahmood RT, Nayyar BG, Khan S, Khan SA, Qureshi MM, Wali M. Evaluation of bioherbicidal potential of Carica papaya leaves. BRAZ J BIOL 2019; 80:565-573. [PMID: 31644650 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.216359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to increased number of herbicide resistant weeds, it is needed to explore the allelopathic potential of plants as an alternative. The research was conducted to investigate allelopathic effects of Carica papaya L. leaf powder and aqueous extract on seeds as well as pre-germinated seeds of Avena fatua L., Helianthus annuus L., Rumex dentatus L., Zea mays L. and Triticum aestivum L. on filter paper and soil in Weed Management Program Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Protection at PARC Institute of Advanced Studies in Agriculture, National Agriculture Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan. Germination percentage (%), radicle length (cm) and plumule length (cm) were parameters observed for 'Plant leaf powder bioassay' and 'Aqueous extract method'. Most significant growth inhibition was observed in A. fatua seedlings in filter paper method. A. fatua radicle length was reduced by C. papaya aqueous extract (80%) and leaf powder (89%) bioassays. Plumule length was reduced under the influence of aqueous extract (57-73%) and powdered material (59-77%). The inhibitory effects on other test species were in sequence of H. annuus followed by Z. mays and R. dentatus. The aqueous extract showed non-significant effect on wheat seed germination, radicle and plumule growth. It is suggested that C. papaya aqueous extract can be used as source of weed management in wheat crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Anwar
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection, Institute of Advanced Studies in Agriculture, Islamabad, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - H Qureshi
- Department of Biological Sciences (Botany Program), Gomal University, Khyber, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - N Parveen
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - R Bashir
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - U Qaisar
- School of Biological Sciences, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Munazir
- Department of Botany, Government College for Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Yasmin
- Department of Botany, Government College for Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Z Basit
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - R T Mahmood
- Department of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - B G Nayyar
- Department of Botany, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - S A Khan
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M M Qureshi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Wali
- Department of Environmental Science, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Kleer CG, Martin EE, Anwar T, Arellano-Garcia C, Lama A, Medhora N, Chen YC, Yoon E, Ge C, Franceschi R, Gonzalez ME. Abstract P4-03-03: Microenvironment induced DDR2 mediates stromal-cancer interactions and metastasis growth in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p4-03-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was not presented at the symposium.
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Affiliation(s)
- CG Kleer
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - EE Martin
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - T Anwar
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - A Lama
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - N Medhora
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Y-C Chen
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - E Yoon
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - C Ge
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Anwar T, Kleer C. Phosphorylation regulates EZH2 neoplastic functions in triple-negative breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)32861-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shahidinejad A, Soltanmohammadi S, Amiri IS, Anwar T. Solitonic Pulse Generation for Inter-Satellite Optical Wireless Communication. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1166/qm.2014.1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ansari M, Zubair S, Atif S, Kashif M, Khan N, Rehan M, Anwar T, Iqbal A, Owais M. Identification and Characterization of Molten Globule-Like State of Hen Egg-White Lysozyme in Presence of Salts Under Alkaline Conditions. Protein Pept Lett 2010; 17:11-7. [DOI: 10.2174/092986610789909502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Mallick A, Singha H, Khan S, Anwar T, Ansari M, Khalid R, Chaudhuri P, Owais M. Escheriosome-mediated delivery of recombinant ribosomal L7/L12 protein confers protection against murine brucellosis. Vaccine 2007; 25:7873-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2007] [Revised: 08/31/2007] [Accepted: 09/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- T Anwar
- Department of OB-GYN Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48322, USA
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Tahir S, Anwar T, Ahmad I, Aziz S, Mohammad A, Ahad K. Determination of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables in Islamabad market. J Environ Biol 2001; 22:71-74. [PMID: 11480355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide residues in fruits and vegetable from Islamabad market, Pakistan were determined by GLC using Perkin Elmer Autosystem equipped with 63NECD and capillary column. Dimethoate was determined in the quantity of 0.032 mg kg-1 in apple, 0.110 mg kg-1 in banana, 0.004 mg kg-1 in brinjal, 1.80 mg kg-1 in cauliflower and 0.13 mg kg-1 in arvi, fenvalerate 0.010 mg kg-1 in apple and chlorpyrifos 0.004 mg kg-1 in brinjal. The importance of these pesticide residues with reference to human health is also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tahir
- Ecotoxicology Institute, National Agricultural Research Center, Park Road, Islamabad-45500, Pakistan
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Affiliation(s)
- T Anwar
- Tropical Microbiology Centre, University of Liverpool, UK
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