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Sakamoto H, Koda M, Eguchi A, Endo K, Arai T, Harada N, Nishio T, Nomura S. Excess suicides in Japan: A three-year post-pandemic assessment of gender and age disparities. Psychiatry Res 2024; 334:115806. [PMID: 38428289 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
This study offers an in-depth analysis of Japan's suicide trends three years after the COVID-19 outbreak. Using data from the National Police Agency (January 2010-May 2023), we examined suicide rates across genders and age groups. Employing the quasi-Poisson regression, we predicted monthly death counts. Findings indicate a steady rise in female suicides from April 2020 to January 2023. Notably, male cohorts aged 50-59 and over 80 in 2022 displayed heightened death rates. While these trends may reflect the impacts of the pandemic, it is essential to consider other factors, including socio-economic changes, to fully understand the context of Japan's suicide patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Sakamoto
- Japan Suicide Countermeasures Promotion Center, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Tokyo, Japan; Health and Global Policy Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahide Koda
- Co-Learning Community Healthcare Re-Innovation Office, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akifumi Eguchi
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaori Endo
- Japan Suicide Countermeasures Promotion Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Arai
- Japan Suicide Countermeasures Promotion Center, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nahoko Harada
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishio
- Japan Suicide Countermeasures Promotion Center, Tokyo, Japan; International Christian University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nomura
- Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Inui S, Tomita N, Takaoka T, Ueda Y, Ohira S, Tsuchiya T, Miyazaki M, Nishio T, Koizumi M, Konishi K. Dosimetric Comparison of Automated Non-Coplanar Volumetric-Modulated Arc Therapy and Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy in Angiosarcoma of the Scalp. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e675. [PMID: 37785989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Angiosarcoma of the scalp (AS) is a rare tumor and has often been treated by total scalp irradiation (TSI). TSI is a challenging technique because of the target close to the organs at risks (OARs), located in the skin surface, and helmet-shape of the target. We performed the dosimetric comparison of automated non-coplanar volumetric-modulated arc therapy (HA) and intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) in TSI for AS. MATERIALS/METHODS A planning study was performed on 20 patients with AS. The clinical target volume (CTV) 1 and CTV2 were defined as gross tumor volume with margin and entire scalp, respectively. For HA, planning target volume (PTV) 1 and PTV2 were defined as CTV1 and CTV2 with 5-mm margins, respectively. For IMPT, robust optimization was utilized which accounted for a 5-mm setup and a 3.5% range uncertainty and dose was prescribed to CTV1 robust and CTV2 robust. The prescription doses were 70 Gy and 56 Gy in 35 fractions to PTV1 (CTV1 robust) and PTV2 (CTV2 robust), respectively, using the simultaneous integrated boost technique. The HA plan was performed using a 6-MV photon beam machine and a 1-cm thick virtual bolus. The HA plan included three half non-coplanar and one full coplanar arc fields. The HA plan used collimator angles of 15°, 60°, 15°, and 120° in the beam with couch rotations of 0°, 45°, 90°, and 315°, respectively. The IMPT plan was performed using a compact proton beam machine dedicated to pencil beam scanning. The IMPT plan used gantry angles of 70°, 150°, 70°, 150°, and 30° in the beam with couch rotations of 0°, 0°, 180°, 180°, and 270°, respectively. The IMPT plan was optimized assuming a relative biological effectiveness of 1.1. The dose distribution and dosimetric parameters for each plan were evaluated. RESULTS All plans met the goals within the acceptable range in target volume coverage, conformity, and homogeneity. Table shows the dosimetric parameters of OARs in HA and IMPT plans. The doses receiving 0.1 cc of the volume for hippocampus, optic passway, eye, and lens in the IMPT plan were significantly lower than those in the HA plan. The IMPT plan showed a significant reduction in the percentage of brain volume receiving at least 5 Gy (V5 Gy) compared to the HA plan, while the HA plan showed a significant reduction of V10 Gy - V60 Gy and mean brain dose compared to the IMPT plan. The HA plan provided a shorter beam-on time (184 ± 9 s) than did the IMPT plan (446 ± 49 s). CONCLUSION The HA and IMPT plans demonstrated different strengths with respect to OARs sparing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Inui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan; Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - N Tomita
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Takaoka
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Ueda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Ohira
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Tsuchiya
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Miyazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Nishio
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Koizumi
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Konishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Nishio T, Shimada Y, Yoshikawa Y, Kenmotsu T, Schiessel H, Yoshikawa K. The Anticancer Drug Daunomycin Directly Affects Gene Expression and DNA Structure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076631. [PMID: 37047603 PMCID: PMC10095590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Daunomycin (DM), an anthracycline antibiotic, is frequently used to treat various cancers, but the direct effects of DM on gene expression and DNA structure are unclear. We used an in vitro cell-free system, optimized with spermine (SP), to study the effect of DM on gene expression. A bimodal effect of DM on gene expression, weak promotion followed by inhibition, was observed with increasing concentration of DM. We also performed atomic force microscopy observation to measure how DM affects the higher-order structure of DNA induced with SP. DM destroyed SP-induced flower-like conformations of DNA by generating double-strand breaks, and this destructive conformational change of DNA corresponded to the inhibitory effect on gene expression. Interestingly, the weakly enhanced cell-free gene expression occurred as DNA conformations were elongated or relaxed at lower DM concentrations. We expect these newly unveiled DM effects on gene expression and the higher-order structure of DNA will contribute further to the development and refinement of useful anticancer therapy chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishio
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yohji Shimada
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kenmotsu
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Helmut Schiessel
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Nishio T, Masaoka T, Yoshikawa Y, Sadakane K, Kenmotsu T, Schiessel H, Yoshikawa K. Markedly Different Effects of Monovalent Cations on the Efficiency of Gene Expression. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200164. [PMID: 36328593 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The effect of monovalent cations on a cell-free transcription-translation (TX-TL) system is examined using a luciferase assay. It is found that the potency for all ions analyzed here is in the order Rb+ > K+ > Cs+ > Na+ ≈ Li+ > (CH3 )4 N+ , where Rb+ is most efficient at promoting TX-TL and the ions of Li+ , Na+ , and (CH3 )4 N+ exhibit an inhibitory effect. Similar promotion/inhibition effects are observed for cell-free TL alone with an mRNA template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishio
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technical University of Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tomoya Masaoka
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Koichiro Sadakane
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kenmotsu
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Helmut Schiessel
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technical University of Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Fujino K, Nishio T, Fujioka K, Yoshikawa Y, Kenmotsu T, Yoshikawa K. Activation/Inhibition of Gene Expression Caused by Alcohols: Relationship with the Viscoelastic Property of a DNA Molecule. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010149. [PMID: 36616499 PMCID: PMC9823369 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohols are used in the life sciences because they can condense and precipitate DNA. Alcohol consumption has been linked to many diseases and can alter genetic activity. In the present report, we carried out experiments to make clear how alcohols affect the efficiency of transcription-translation (TX-TL) and translation (TL) by adapting cell-free gene expression systems with plasmid DNA and RNA templates, respectively. In addition, we quantitatively analyzed intrachain fluctuations of single giant DNA molecules based on the fluctuation-dissipation theorem to gain insight into how alcohols affect the dynamical property of a DNA molecule. Ethanol (2-3%) increased gene expression levels four to five times higher than the control in the TX-TL reaction. A similar level of enhancement was observed with 2-propanol, in contrast to the inhibitory effect of 1-propanol. Similar alcohol effects were observed for the TL reaction. Intrachain fluctuation analysis through single DNA observation showed that 1-propanol markedly increased both the spring and damping constants of single DNA in contrast to the weak effects observed with ethanol, whereas 2-propanol exhibits an intermediate effect. This study indicates that the activation/inhibition effects of alcohol isomers on gene expression correlate with the changes in the viscoelastic mechanical properties of DNA molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Fujino
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishio
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technical University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence: (T.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Keita Fujioka
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kenmotsu
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.N.); (K.Y.)
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Nishio T, Kishi R, Sato K, Sato K. Blue light exposure enhances oxidative stress, causes DNA damage, and induces apoptosis signaling in B16F1 melanoma cells. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2022; 883-884:503562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Cell-free gene expression systems have been valuable tools for understanding how transcription/translation can be regulated in living cells. Many studies have investigated the determining factors that affect gene expression. Here we report the effect of the length of linearized reporter DNAs encoding the firefly luciferase gene so as to exclude the influence of supercoiling. It is found that longer DNA molecules exhibit significantly greater potency in gene expression; for example, the expression level for DNA with 25.7 kbp is 1000-times higher than that for DNA of 1.7 kbp. AFM observation of the DNA conformation indicates that longer DNA takes shrunken conformation with a higher segment density in the reaction mixture for gene expression, in contrast to the stiff conformation of shorter DNA. We propose an underlying mechanism for the favorable effect of longer DNA on gene expression in terms of the enhancement of access of RNA polymerase to the shrunken conformation. It is expected that the enhancement of gene expression efficiency with a shrunken DNA conformation would also be a rather general mechanism in living cellular environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishio
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sato
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
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Nakagawa A, Hayashi W, Nishio T, Hanawa Y, Aoyagi K, Okajima Y, Iwanami A. Similarity of subjective symptoms between autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults: Preliminary findings. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2021; 41:237-241. [PMID: 33687158 PMCID: PMC8340843 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this study was to examine the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the adult clinical population using the Autism‐Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and the Adult ADHD Rating Scales self‐report screening version (CAARS‐S:SV). Methods We included 50 adults with ASD and 52 with ADHD diagnosed using the DSM‐5 criteria. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the AQ and CAARS‐S:SV. Results The AQ score was elevated in the ADHD group and the CAARS scores were increased in the ASD group. Specifically, the total AQ score in adults with ADHD was lower than that in the ASD group, but was higher than that in controls. Similarly, the CAARS scores in adults with ASD were lower than in those with ADHD, but were higher than those in controls. No significant correlations were found between AQ, CAARS Inattention/Memory Problems, and CAARS Hyperactivity/Restlessness scores in both the ASD and ADHD groups. Conclusion While adults with ASD and ADHD exhibited similar clinical symptoms, the absence of AQ‐CAARS correlations suggests the need for examining factors other than the apparent similarity of clinical symptoms of the two disorders. The subjective symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were examined using the Autism‐Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and the Adult ADHD Rating Scales self‐report screening version (CAARS‐S:SV) in 50 adults with ASD and 52 with ADHD. Although we excluded individuals with comorbid ASD and ADHD, the AQ score was elevated in the ADHD group and the CAARS scores were increased in the ASD group. Moreover, no significant correlations were found between AQ and CAARS scores in both ASD and ADHD groups, suggesting the need for examining factors other than shared genetic risks in the overlap of ADHD‐ASD symptoms.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari Nakagawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Setagaya-ku, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Showa University East Hospital, Shinagawa-ku, Japan
| | - Wakaho Hayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Setagaya-ku, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Setagaya-ku, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishio
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Setagaya-ku, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Setagaya-ku, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hanawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Setagaya-ku, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Setagaya-ku, Japan
| | - Keisuke Aoyagi
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Setagaya-ku, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Showa University East Hospital, Shinagawa-ku, Japan
| | - Yuka Okajima
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Setagaya-ku, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Showa University East Hospital, Shinagawa-ku, Japan
| | - Akira Iwanami
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Setagaya-ku, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Showa University East Hospital, Shinagawa-ku, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Setagaya-ku, Japan
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Kitagawa T, Nishio T, Yoshikawa Y, Umezawa N, Higuchi T, Shew CY, Kenmotsu T, Yoshikawa K. Effects of Structural Isomers of Spermine on the Higher-Order Structure of DNA and Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052355. [PMID: 33652986 PMCID: PMC7956460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are involved in various biological functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, gene regulation, etc. Recently, it was found that polyamines exhibit biphasic effects on gene expression: promotion and inhibition at low and high concentrations, respectively. Here, we compared the effects of three naturally occurring tetravalent polyamines, spermine (SPM), thermospermine (TSPM), and N4-aminopropylspermidine (BSPD). Based on the single DNA observation with fluorescence microscopy together with measurements by atomic force microscopy revealed that these polyamines induce shrinkage and then compaction of DNA molecules, at low and high concentrations, respectively. We also performed the observation to evaluate the effects of these polyamine isomers on the activity of gene expression by adapting a cell-free luciferase assay. Interestingly, the potency of their effects on the DNA conformation and also on the inhibition of gene expression activity indicates the highest for TSPM among spermine isomers. A numerical evaluation of the strength of the interaction of these polyamines with negatively charged double-strand DNA revealed that this ordering of the potency corresponds to the order of the strength of the attractive interaction between phosphate groups of DNA and positively charged amino groups of the polyamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Kitagawa
- Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan; (T.K.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Takashi Nishio
- Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan; (T.K.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yuko Yoshikawa
- Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan; (T.K.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Naoki Umezawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; (N.U.); (T.H.)
| | - Tsunehiko Higuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; (N.U.); (T.H.)
| | - Chwen-Yang Shew
- Doctoral Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA;
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, Staten Island, New York, NY 10314, USA
| | - Takahiro Kenmotsu
- Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan; (T.K.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan; (T.K.); (T.N.); (Y.Y.)
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (K.Y.)
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Nishio T, Sugino K, Yoshikawa Y, Matsumoto M, Oe Y, Sadakane K, Yoshikawa K. K+ promotes the favorable effect of polyamine on gene expression better than Na. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238447. [PMID: 32881909 PMCID: PMC7470421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyamines are involved in a wide variety of biological processes including a marked effect on the structure and function of DNA. During our study on the interaction of polyamines with DNA, we found that K+ enhanced in vitro gene expression in the presence of polyamine more strongly than Na+. Thus, we sought to clarify the physico-chemical mechanism underlying this marked difference between the effects of K+ and Na+. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS It was found that K+ enhanced gene expression in the presence of spermidine, SPD(3+), much more strongly than Na+, through in vitro experiments with a Luciferase assay on cell extracts. Single-DNA observation by fluorescence microscopy showed that Na+ prevents the folding transition of DNA into a compact state more strongly than K+. 1H NMR measurement revealed that Na+ inhibits the binding of SPD to DNA more strongly than K+. Thus, SPD binds to DNA more favorably in K+-rich medium than in Na+-rich medium, which leads to favorable conditions for RNA polymerase to access DNA by decreasing the negative charge. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE We found that Na+ and K+ exhibit markedly different effects through competitive binding with a cationic polyamine, SPD, to DNA, which causes a large difference in the higher-order structure of genomic DNA. It is concluded that the larger favorable effect of Na+ than K+ on in vitro gene expression observed in this study is well attributable to the significant difference between Na+ and K+ on the competitive binding inducing conformational transition of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishio
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaito Sugino
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Yohei Oe
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichiro Sadakane
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Nishio T, Yoshikawa Y, Fukuda W, Umezawa N, Higuchi T, Fujiwara S, Imanaka T, Yoshikawa K. Branched‐Chain Polyamine Found in Hyperthermophiles Induces Unique Temperature‐Dependent Structural Changes in Genome‐Size DNA. Chemphyschem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishio
- Faculty of Life and Medical SciencesDoshisha University Kyotanabe 610-0394 Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical SciencesDoshisha University Kyotanabe 610-0394 Japan
| | - Wakao Fukuda
- School of Science and TechnologyKwansei-gakuin University Sanda 669-1337 Japan
| | - Naoki Umezawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesNagoya City University Nagoya 467-8603 Japan
| | - Tsunehiko Higuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesNagoya City University Nagoya 467-8603 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Fujiwara
- School of Science and TechnologyKwansei-gakuin University Sanda 669-1337 Japan
| | - Tadayuki Imanaka
- Research Organization of Science and TechnologyRitsumeikan University Kusatsu 525-8577 Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical SciencesDoshisha University Kyotanabe 610-0394 Japan
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Nishio T, Yoshikawa Y, Fukuda W, Umezawa N, Higuchi T, Fujiwara S, Imanaka T, Yoshikawa K. Front Cover: Branched‐Chain Polyamine Found in Hyperthermophiles Induces Unique Temperature‐Dependent Structural Changes in Genome‐Size DNA (ChemPhysChem 18/2018). Chemphyschem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishio
- Faculty of Life and Medical SciencesDoshisha University Kyotanabe 610-0394 Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical SciencesDoshisha University Kyotanabe 610-0394 Japan
| | - Wakao Fukuda
- School of Science and TechnologyKwansei-gakuin University Sanda 669-1337 Japan
| | - Naoki Umezawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesNagoya City University Nagoya 467-8603 Japan
| | - Tsunehiko Higuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesNagoya City University Nagoya 467-8603 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Fujiwara
- School of Science and TechnologyKwansei-gakuin University Sanda 669-1337 Japan
| | - Tadayuki Imanaka
- Research Organization of Science and TechnologyRitsumeikan University Kusatsu 525-8577 Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical SciencesDoshisha University Kyotanabe 610-0394 Japan
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Nishio T, Yoshikawa Y, Fukuda W, Umezawa N, Higuchi T, Fujiwara S, Imanaka T, Yoshikawa K. Branched-Chain Polyamine Found in Hyperthermophiles Induces Unique Temperature-Dependent Structural Changes in Genome-Size DNA. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2299-2304. [PMID: 29931720 PMCID: PMC6175440 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A pentavalent branched‐chain polyamine, N4‐bis(aminopropyl)spermidine 3(3)(3)4, is a unique polycation found in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis, which grows at temperatures between 60 and 100 °C. We studied the effects of this branched‐chain polyamine on DNA structure at different temperatures up to 80 °C. Atomic force microscopic observation revealed that 3(3)(3)4 induces a mesh‐like structure on a large DNA (166 kbp) at 24 °C. With an increase in temperature, DNA molecules tend to unwind, and multiple nano‐loops with a diameter of 10–50 nm are generated along the DNA strand at 80 °C. These results were compared to those obtained with linear‐chain polyamines, homocaldopentamine 3334 and spermidine, the former of which is a structural isomer of 3(3)(3)4. These specific effects are expected to neatly concern with its role on high‐temperature preference in hyperthermophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishio
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Wakao Fukuda
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei-gakuin University, Sanda, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Naoki Umezawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tsunehiko Higuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Fujiwara
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei-gakuin University, Sanda, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Tadayuki Imanaka
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, 610-0394, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of basophils on asthma pathogenesis remains largely unexplored, particularly in humans. Here, we evaluated the frequencies and activation status of basophils in the sputum of adult asthmatic patients and related our findings to other parameters of eosinophilic airway inflammation. METHODS We enrolled 44 adult asthmatic patients who were being treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Analysis of the induced sputum, exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) measurement, and asthma control test (ACT) were carried out together with standard blood and pulmonary function tests. The cellular composition of the sputum was examined by flow cytometry, and the phenotypes of blood and sputum basophils were compared. RESULTS Basophils were increased in the sputum of asthmatic patients. The expression of CD203c on sputum basophils was significantly higher than that on blood basophils. The percentage of sputum basophils was positively correlated with those of eosinophils and mast cells; it was also correlated with that of blood eosinophils and FeNO. However, sputum basophils were not correlated with serum IgE, lung function, or the percentage of blood basophils. A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed the superiority of sputum basophils as a surrogate marker of the percentages of sputum eosinophils compared with absolute numbers of blood eosinophils and FeNO. CONCLUSION The number of activated basophils was increased in the sputum of patients with eosinophilic asthma and correlated with airway and blood eosinophils. Our observations suggest that sputum basophils may serve as a biomarker to monitor new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Suzuki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Wakahara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Nishio
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Hasegawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Nishibuchi I, Murakami Y, Takahashi I, Takeuchi Y, Saito A, Kimura T, Nishio T, Nagata Y. Salvage Radiation Therapy for Superficial Esophageal Cancer After Incomplete Endoscopic Resection. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kimura T, Nakashima T, Saito A, Takeuchi Y, Takahashi I, Nishibuchi I, Murakami Y, Nishio T, Nagata Y. Combined Ventilation and Perfusion Imaging Correlates With the Dosimetric Parameters of Radiation Pneumonitis in Radiation Therapy Planning for Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Sato K, Ando R, Kobayashi H, Nishio T. 2-Ethoxybenzamide stimulates melanin synthesis in B16F1 melanoma cells via the CREB signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 423:39-52. [PMID: 27633503 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2823-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are frequently used for the treatment of inflammation, pain, and fever. In this study, we found that 2-ethoxybenzamide (ETZ) significantly enhanced melanin synthesis in B16F1 melanoma cells, and also induced melanosome formation. Therefore, we investigated the mechanism by which ETZ up-regulated melanin synthesis. Western blot analysis demonstrated that ETZ increased melanogenic protein levels, except that for TRP-2. Moreover, semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time RT-PCR analyses showed that ETZ enhanced the mRNA levels of melanogenic genes, including microphthalmia-associated transcription factor and melanocortin 1 receptor. We also observed phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) following ETZ treatment. However, ETZ did not affect intracellular cAMP levels. ERK was also activated by ETZ treatment, and melanin content was enhanced upon treatment with the specific ERK inhibitor PD98059. Together, our results indicate that ETZ induces melanin synthesis via CREB phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuomi Sato
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan. .,Department of Life Science, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan.
| | - Ryosuke Ando
- Department of Life Science, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan
| | - Honoka Kobayashi
- Department of Life Science, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishio
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan
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18
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Kawahara D, Ozawa S, Saito A, Nishio T, Hioki K, Masuda H, Okumura T, Ochi Y, Nakashima T, Suzuki T, Tanaka S, Ohno Y, Nagata Y. SU-F-T-630: Energy Spectral Study On Lipiodol After Trans-Arterial Chemoembolization Using the Flattened and Unflattened Photon Beams. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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19
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Tsuneda M, Nishio T, Saito A, Hioki K, Kawahara D, Ochi Y, Matsushita K, Tanaka S, Ozawa S, Nagata Y. SU-G-BRB-09: Kompeito-Shot: Development of a Novel Verification System for 3D Beam Alignment Including the Sag of Gantry Head. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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20
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Tanaka S, Nishio T, Matsushita K, Tsuneda M, Kabuki S, Uesaka M. SU-C-207A-03: Development of Proton CT Imaging System Using Thick Scintillator and CCD Camera. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4955578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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21
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Nishio T, Takashi Okamoto T, Shinto Kabuki S, Toru Tanimori T, Tsukasa Aso T, Satoshi Nakamura S, Masahiro Hiraoka M, Keiichirou Matsushita K, Aya Nishio-Miyatake A. EP-1500: Development of tumor response observation system for dose-volume delivery guided particle therapy. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Iihara N, Bando Y, Ohara M, Yoshida T, Nishio T, Okada T, Kirino Y. Polypharmacy of medications and fall-related fractures in older people in Japan: a comparison between driving-prohibited and driving-cautioned medications. J Clin Pharm Ther 2016; 41:273-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Iihara
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; Sanuki-City Kagawa Japan
| | - Y. Bando
- Faculty of Health and Welfare; Tokushima Bunri University; Sanuki-City Kagawa Japan
| | - M. Ohara
- Ayagawa National Health Insurance Sue Hospital; Ayauta-gun Kagawa Japan
| | - T. Yoshida
- Faculty of Health and Welfare; Tokushima Bunri University; Sanuki-City Kagawa Japan
| | - T. Nishio
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; Sanuki-City Kagawa Japan
- Department of Pharmacy; Sanuki City Hospital; Sanuki-City Kagawa Japan
| | - T. Okada
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; Sanuki-City Kagawa Japan
| | - Y. Kirino
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; Sanuki-City Kagawa Japan
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23
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Nishio T, Usami M, Awaji M, Shinohara S, Sato K. Dual effects of acetylsalicylic acid on ERK signaling and Mitf transcription lead to inhibition of melanogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 412:101-10. [PMID: 26699907 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is widely used as an analgesic/antipyretic drug. It exhibits a wide range of biological effects, including preventative effects against heart attack and stroke, and the induction of apoptosis in various cancer cells. We previously found that ASA inhibits melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells. However, the mechanisms of how ASA down-regulates melanin synthesis remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of ASA on melanogenic pathways, such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (Mitf) transcription. ASA significantly inhibited melanin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner without oxidative stress and cell death. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the inhibitory effect of ASA might be due to the inhibition of Mitf gene transcription. Interestingly, ASA also induced ERK phosphorylation. Additionally, treatment with PD98059, a specific ERK phosphorylation inhibitor, abolished the anti-melanogenic effect of ASA. These results suggest that the depigmenting effect of ASA results from down-regulation of Mitf, which is induced by both the induction of ERK phosphorylation and the inhibition of Mitf transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishio
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, 6-1-1 Tamagawa-gakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan
| | - Mai Usami
- Department of Life Science, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, 6-1-1 Tamagawa-gakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan
| | - Mizuki Awaji
- Department of Life Science, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, 6-1-1 Tamagawa-gakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan
| | - Sumire Shinohara
- Department of Life Science, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, 6-1-1 Tamagawa-gakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Sato
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, 6-1-1 Tamagawa-gakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan. .,Department of Life Science, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, 6-1-1 Tamagawa-gakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8610, Japan.
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Nishio T, Tanaka Y, Naka K. Preparation of composites of liquid-crystalline matrix of poly( p-phenylene-sulfoterephthalamide) and CaCO 3by In situmineralization. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishio
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology; Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology; Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Yuka Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology; Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology; Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Kensuke Naka
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology; Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology; Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
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25
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Nishio T, Terada Y, Murata I, Takahashi A, Maekawa F, Nishitani T, Takeuchi H. Fusion Neutronics Benchmark Experiment on Structural and Advanced Blanket Materials - Leakage Gamma-ray Spectrum Measurement -. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2002.10875258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Murata I, Kokooo, Nakano D, Takagi H, Kondo T, Nishio T, Terada Y, Takahashi A, Maekawa F, Ikeda Y, Takeuchi H. Fusion Neutronics Benchmark Experiment on Structural and Advanced Blanket Materials - Leakage Neutron Spectrum Measurement -. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2002.10875264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Hashimoto M, Nishio T, Haga A, Hanada T, Kabuki S, Kozuka T, Oguchi M. SU-E-CAMPUS-T-03: Four-Dimensional Dose Distribution Measurement Using Plastic Scintillator. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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28
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Yamamoto G, Taura K, Koyama Y, Tanabe K, Nishio T, Hatano E, Uemoto S. Pancreatic Stellate Cells Do Not Have Vitamin A In Fat Droplets. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Nishio T, Hatano E, Okuno M, Kasai Y, Seo S, Taura K, Yasuchika K, Mori A, Kaido T, Uemoto S. Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Non-B Non-C Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Hepatic Resection. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tanabe K, Taura K, Koyama Y, Yamamoto G, Nishio T, Hatano E, Uemoto S. Migration of Splenic Lymphocytes Promotes Fibrotic Response in the Liver through Modification of T Helper Cytokine Balance. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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Taura K, Koyama Y, Tanabe K, Yamamoto G, Nishio T, Hatano E, Uemoto S. Liver Stiffness Measurement Predicts Posthepatectomy Liver Failure. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Nishio T, Shirato H, Ishikawa M, Miyabe Y, Kito S, Narita Y, Onimaru R, Ishikura S, Ito Y, Hiraoka M. EP-1449: Development of a water tank-type lung phantom for dose verification and credentialing of lung SBRT clinical trial. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)31567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Kurokawa C, Urushiyama A, Nishio T. PO-0797: Characteristics of tissue-equivalent thermoluminescence and photo-stimulated luminescence sheets. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)30915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Maekawa F, Fujiwara K, Toriya M, Maejima Y, Nishio T, Toyoda Y, Nohara K, Yashiro T, Yada T. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in VMH as the causal factor for and therapeutic tool to treat visceral adiposity and hyperleptinemia in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2013; 5:7. [PMID: 24106476 PMCID: PMC3788348 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2013.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that the type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats at young adult ages (6-12 weeks) exhibited increased visceral fat mass and hyperleptinemia, due to hyperphagia caused primarily by neuropeptide Y (NPY) overexpression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Later, we found that GK rats continued to exhibit mesenteric fat accumulation and hyperleptinemia at least until 26 weeks of age, while hyperphagia and NPY overexpression ceased at 15 weeks of age. Therefore, we hypothesized that the long-lasting fat accumulation and hyperleptinemia are due to unidentified brain dysfunction other than NPY overexpression. In GK rats aged 26 weeks, glucose transporter-2 (GLUT2) mRNA expression in ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) was markedly reduced in parallel with significant decreases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA level and BDNF-expressing cell numbers in the VMH. Pharmacologic inhibition of glucose utilization reduced BDNF mRNA expression in VMH in vivo and in vitro. The results suggested that impaired glucose utilization caused the reduction of BDNF. On the other hand, intracerebroventricular injection of BDNF for 6 days ameliorated hyperleptinemia in a long-lasting manner concurrently with feeding suppression in GK rats. Restricted feeding paired to BDNF-treated rats reduced plasma leptin level only transiently. BDNF treatment also reduced mesenteric fat mass in GK rats. These results reveal a novel action mode of BDNF to long-lastingly counteract visceral adiposity and hyperleptinemia in addition to and independently of its anorexigenic action. These results suggest that visceral fat accumulation and hyperleptinemia are at least partly due to the reduction of BDNF in VMH primarily caused by impaired glucose utilization in GK rats. The BDNF supplementation could provide an effective treatment of visceral obesity, hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Maekawa
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke, Japan ; Molecular Toxicology Section, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba, Japan
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35
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Iihara N, Nishio T, Okura M, Anzai H, Kagawa M, Houchi H, Kirino Y. Comparing patient dissatisfaction and rational judgment in intentional medication non-adherence versus unintentional non-adherence. J Clin Pharm Ther 2013; 39:45-52. [PMID: 24106917 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Patients' poor adherence to medications is reported to be related to the individual patients' beliefs and cognitions and their trust of the medical staff. However, the causes of the two forms of non-adherence, intentional and unintentional behaviours, have yet to be clarified. This study compared psychological latent factors associated with intentional and unintentional non-adherence to chronic medication regimens, focusing on the potential effects of (i) patients' dissatisfaction with treatment and their relationships with the medical staff and (ii) patients' subliminal rational thinking processes, which weighed the positive values such as their expectations of benefits from treatment against negative values such as their dissatisfaction. METHODS Two cross-sectional surveys were undertaken of patients given medications for chronic diseases, using a questionnaire developed and validated in this study. One survey was undertaken in three hospitals and the other survey, online throughout Japan. We scored the individual latent factors using the questionnaire and calculated the differential score between two negatively correlated latent factors to quantify patients' subliminal rational thinking process. We compared the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of latent factors between intentional and unintentional non-adherence to medication in both surveys. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Of the eligible subjects, 149 hospitalized patients and 524 survey participants completed the questionnaire. Intentional non-adherence was associated with patient dissatisfaction with treatment including interpersonal relationships with medical staff in both hospitalized patients and online survey participants (95% confidence interval of adjusted OR for Dissatisfaction, 1·20-16·26 in the hospital-based survey and 1·33-3·45 in the online survey). In both surveys, intentional non-adherence was significantly associated with the differential score between two negatively correlated latent factors, Willingness and Dissatisfaction (P = 0·02 in the hospital-based survey and P < 0·001 in the online survey). However, these associations were not evident in unintentionally non-adherent patients. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSIONS Patients' dissatisfaction and their resulting rational judgments are unique, consistent determinants of intentional non-adherence to medications, but not of unintentional non-adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Iihara
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Japan
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Egashira Y, Nishio T, Hotta K, Kohno R, Uesaka M. Application of the pencil-beam redefinition algorithm in heterogeneous media for proton beam therapy. Phys Med Biol 2013; 58:1169-84. [PMID: 23370731 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/58/4/1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In proton beam therapy, changes in the proton range due to lateral heterogeneity may cause serious errors in the dose distribution. In the present study, the pencilbeam redefinition algorithm (PBRA) was applied to proton beam therapy to address the problem of lateral density heterogeneity. In the calculation, the phase-space parameters were characterized for multiple range (i.e. proton energy) bins for given pencil beams. The particles that were included in each pencil beam were transported and redefined periodically until they had stopped. The redefined beams formed a detouring path that was different from that of the non-redefined pencil beams, and the path of each redefined beam was straight. The results calculated by the PBRA were compared with measured proton dose distributions in a heterogeneous slab phantom and an anthropomorphic phantom. Through the beam redefinition process, the PBRA was able to predict the measured proton-detouring effects. Therefore, the PBRA may allow improved calculation accuracy when dealing with lateral heterogeneities in proton therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Egashira
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 2-11-16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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Yamane T, Ikari Y, Nishio T, Ishii K, Ishii K, Kato T, Ito K, Silverman DHS, Senda M, Asada T, Arai H, Sugishita M, Iwatsubo T. Visual-statistical interpretation of (18)F-FDG-PET images for characteristic Alzheimer patterns in a multicenter study: inter-rater concordance and relationship to automated quantitative evaluation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 35:244-9. [PMID: 23907243 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The role of (18)F-FDG-PET in the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease is increasing and should be validated. The aim of this study was to assess the inter-rater variability in the interpretation of (18)F-FDG-PET images obtained in the Japanese Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, a multicenter clinical research project. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study analyzed 274 (18)F-FDG-PET scans (67 mild Alzheimer disease, 100 mild cognitive impairment, and 107 normal cognitive) as baseline scans for the Japanese Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, which were acquired with various types of PET or PET/CT scanners in 23 facilities. Three independent raters interpreted all PET images by using a combined visual-statistical method. The images were classified into 7 (FDG-7) patterns by the criteria of Silverman et al and further into 2 (FDG-2) patterns. RESULTS Agreement among the 7 visual-statistical categories by at least 2 of the 3 readers occurred in >94% of cases for all groups: Alzheimer disease, mild cognitive impairment, and normal cognitive. Perfect matches by all 3 raters were observed for 62% of the cases by FDG-7 and 76 by FDG-2. Inter-rater concordance was moderate by FDG-7 (κ = 0.57) and substantial in FDG-2 (κ = 0.67) on average. The FDG-PET score, an automated quantitative index developed by Herholz et al, increased as the number of raters who voted for the AD pattern increased (ρ = 0.59, P < .0001), and the FDG-PET score decreased as those for normal pattern increased (ρ = -0.64, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Inter-rater agreement was moderate to substantial for the combined visual-statistical interpretation of (18)F-FDG-PET and was also significantly associated with automated quantitative assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamane
- From the Division of Molecular Imaging (T.Y., Y.I., T.N., M. Senda), Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
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Abstract
Abstract
We developed a method to determine the characteristics of a press machine required for the injection-press molding process. In this paper, a model based on a serial spring connecting two different springs was used. One was spring represented apparent machine rigidity and the other the resistance to compression of the resin. Using this model, we calculated the flow between parallel plates and flow behavior in a “tray” mold.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Tsutsubuchi
- Plastics Technical Center, Sumitomo Chemical, Plastics Technical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - T. Kitayama
- Plastics Technical Center, Sumitomo Chemical, Plastics Technical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y. Togawa
- Plastics Technical Center, Sumitomo Chemical, Plastics Technical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - T. Nishio
- Plastics Technical Center, Sumitomo Chemical, Plastics Technical Center, Chiba, Japan
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Kurokawa C, Urushiyama A, Nishio T, Sugimoto S. SU-E-T-119: Characteristics of TLD and PSLD Films for Photon and Electron Dose Measurements. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Ishikawa M, Kojima H, Tachibana H, Tanabe S, Suzuki R, Minemura T, Tohyama N, Narita Y, Nishio T, Ishikura S. SU-E-T-184: Practical Method of Scanner Stability Compensation for Film Dosimetry. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Amano D, Tachikawa T, Miyasihta T, Nonaka H, Hoshino J, Sugama Y, Onishi H, Nishio T. EP-1310: Brand-new vertical layout proton therapy system. Radiother Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)33616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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42
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Tonosaki K, Michiba K, Bang SW, Kitashiba H, Kaneko Y, Nishio T. Genetic analysis of hybrid seed formation ability of Brassica rapa in intergeneric crossings with Raphanus sativus. Theor Appl Genet 2013. [PMID: 23203221 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-2021-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A hybridization barrier leads to the inability of seed formation after intergeneric crossings between Brassica rapa and Raphanus sativus. Most B. rapa lines cannot set intergeneric hybrid seeds because of embryo breakdown, but a B. rapa line obtained from turnip cultivar 'Shogoin-kabu' is able to produce a large number of hybrid seeds as a maternal parent by crossings with R. sativus. In 'Shogoin-kabu' crossed with R. sativus, developments of embryos and endosperms were slower than those in intraspecific crossings, but some of them grew to mature seeds without embryo breakdown. Intergeneric hybrid seeds were obtained in a 'Shogoin-kabu' line at a rate of 0.13 per pollinated flower, while no hybrid seeds were obtained in a line developed from Chinese cabbage cultivar 'Chiifu'. F(1) hybrid plants between the lines of 'Shogoin-kabu' and 'Chiifu' set a larger number of hybrid seeds per flower, 0.68, than both the parental lines. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for hybrid seed formation were analyzed after intergeneric crossings using two different F(2) populations derived from the F(1) hybrids, and three QTLs with significant logarithm of odds scores were detected. Among them, two QTLs, i.e., one in linkage group A10 and the other in linkage group A01, were detected in both the F(2) populations. These two QTLs had contrary effects on the number of hybrid seeds. Epistatic interaction between these two QTLs was revealed. Possible candidate genes controlling hybrid seed formation ability in QTL regions were inferred using the published B. rapa genome sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tonosaki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8555, Japan
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Nakamura S, Asai H, Akita S, Aoyama Y, Kamikubo Y, Sugama Y, Takei H, Nishio T, Maruyama K, Hayakawa K. Development of Fast and High-spatial-resolution 3-dimensional Dosimetry Equipment for Both the Narrow Beam and the Broad Beam in Proton Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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44
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Miyabe-Nishiwaki T, Masui K, Kaneko A, Nishiwaki K, Nishio T, Kanazawa H. Evaluation of the predictive performance of a pharmacokinetic model for propofol in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata fuscata). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36:169-73. [PMID: 22568878 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2012.01404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Propofol is a short-acting intravenous anesthetic used for induction/maintenance anesthesia. The objective of this study was to assess a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model for Japanese macaques during a step-down infusion of propofol. Five male Japanese macaques were immobilized with ketamine (10 mg/kg) and atropine (0.02 mg/kg). A bolus dose of propofol (5 mg/kg) was administrated intravenously (360 mg/kg/h) followed by step-down infusion at 40 mg/kg/h for 10 min, 20 mg/kg/h for 10 min, and then 15 mg/kg/h for 100 min. Venous blood samples were repeatedly collected following the administration. The plasma concentration of propofol (Cp) was measured by high-speed LC-FL. PPK analyses were performed using NONMEM VII. Median absolute prediction error and median prediction error (MDPE), the indices of prediction inaccuracy and bias, respectively, were calculated, and PE - individual MDPE vs. time was depicted to show the variability of prediction errors. In addition, we developed another population pharmacokinetic model using previous and current datasets. The previous PK model achieved stable prediction of propofol Cp throughout the study period, although it underestimates Cp. The step-down infusion regimen described in this study would be feasible in macaques during noninvasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Miyabe-Nishiwaki
- Center of Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Aichi University, Kyoto, Japan
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Ishikawa M, Sutherland K, Tanabe S, Tooyama N, Narita Y, Minemura T, Nishio T, Tachibana H, Suzuki R, Ishikura S. PO-0829 FEASIBILITY STUDY ON ASSESSING DOSE DELIVERY QA WITH HIGH DOSE GRADIENT IRRADIATION. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71162-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Niikura K, Iyo N, Higuchi T, Nishio T, Jinnai H, Fujitani N, Ijiro K. Gold Nanoparticles Coated with Semi-Fluorinated Oligo(ethylene glycol) Produce Sub-100 nm Nanoparticle Vesicles without Templates. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:7632-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302122w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Niikura
- Research Institute
for Electronic
Science (RIES), Hokkaido University, Kita
21, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Naoki Iyo
- Graduate School of Chemical
Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Takeshi Higuchi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering (IMCE) and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST),
ERATO, Takahara Soft Interfaces Project, CE 80, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395,
Japan
| | - Takashi Nishio
- Graduate School of Chemical
Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Jinnai
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering (IMCE) and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST),
ERATO, Takahara Soft Interfaces Project, CE 80, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395,
Japan
| | - Naoki Fujitani
- Graduate School of
Advanced
Life Science, Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and
Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo,
Japan
| | - Kuniharu Ijiro
- Research Institute
for Electronic
Science (RIES), Hokkaido University, Kita
21, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Sanban-cho 5, Chiyoda-ku,
Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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Itoi S, Kanomata Y, Uchida S, Kadokura K, Nishio T, Oku T, Sugita H. Effect of the C-terminal domain of Vibrio proteolyticus chitinase A on the chitinolytic activity in association with pH changes. Lett Appl Microbiol 2012; 54:441-6. [PMID: 22372468 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2012.03228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To reveal the cause of the difference in activity of chitinase A from Vibrio proteolyticus and chitinase A from a strain of Vibrio carchariae (a junior synonym of Vibrio harveyi), we investigated the pH-dependent activity of full-length V. proteolyticus chitinase A and a truncated recombinant corresponding to the V. harveyi form of chitinase A. METHODS AND RESULTS After overexpression in Escherichia coli strain DH5α, the full-length and truncated recombinant chitinases were purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and anion exchange column chromatography. Chitinase activity was measured at various pH values using α-crystal and colloidal chitins as the substrate. The pH-dependent patterns of the relative specific activities for α-crystal chitin differed between the full-length and truncated recombinant chitinases, whereas those for colloidal chitin were similar to each other. CONCLUSION The difference in the activity of V. proteolyticus chitinase A and V. harveyi chitinase A might be partly due to a change in the pH dependence of the chitinase activities against α-crystal chitin, resulting from C-terminal processing. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY The present results are important findings for not only ecological studies on the genus Vibrio in association with survival strategies, but also phylogenetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Itoi
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Shirasawa S, Endo T, Nakagomi K, Yamaguchi M, Nishio T. Delimitation of a QTL region controlling cold tolerance at booting stage of a cultivar, 'Lijiangxintuanheigu', in rice, Oryza sativa L. Theor Appl Genet 2012; 124:937-46. [PMID: 22113591 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-011-1758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature at the booting stage of rice causes male sterility resulting in severe yield loss. Cold tolerance has long been an important objective in rice breeding. We identified a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for cold tolerance on the long arm of chromosome 3 from the cold-tolerant breeding line 'Ukei 840' by using F(2) and BC(1)F(2) populations from crosses between 'Ukei 840' and 'Hitomebore'. The cold tolerance of 'Ukei 840' is derived from the Chinese cultivar 'Lijiangxintuanheigu'. The effect of this QTL on cold tolerance was confirmed by developing 'Hitomebore' chromosome segment substitution lines having 'Lijiangxintuanheigu' alleles on chromosome 3. By producing recombinants in chromosome 3, the QTL region for cold tolerance was delimited to the region of about 1.2-Mb region between RM3719 and RM7000. All lines heterozygous for the QTL showed seed fertilities as low as that of 'Hitomebore', suggesting that the 'Lijiangxintuanheigu' allele for cold tolerance in the QTL region is recessive. Determination of a 1.2-Mb nucleotide sequence of 'Ukei 840' and comparison with the published genomic sequence of 'Nipponbare' showed 254 SNPs, of which 11 were in coding regions of genes, seven in five genes being non-synonymous. SNPs were detected in the 5-kb upstream regions of 89 genes, but no differences of gene expression levels were detected between alleles of these genes. Although further delimitation is required to identify the gene responsible for cold tolerance of 'Lijiangxintuanheigu', SNP markers developed here will be useful for marker-assisted selection in a breeding program using 'Lijiangxintuanheigu' as a donor of cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shirasawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Ide Y, Nishio T, Hosokawa Y, Matsunuma R, Koizumi K, Ogura H, Shiiya N, Setou M. P4-05-05: Imaging Mass Spectrometry Based Lipid Metabolites Analysis for Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p4-05-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Activation of lipid metabolism is an early event of carcinogenesis and a central hallmark of many cancers including breast cancer. Recent findings argue that stearoyl CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), a key regulator of the fatty acid (FA) composition and the endoplasmic reticulum resident enzyme that converts saturated FA (SFA) into monounsaturated FA (MUFA) is a novel regulator of carcinogenesis. The distinctive lipids composition of membrane in cancer cells and the biological functions of SCD1, however, still remain uncertain. Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is a mass spectrometry-based analyzing technique that enables visualization of the individual molecules without requiring antibodies. It allows comprehensive detection of a wide range of biomolecules, such as lipids. We attempted to visualize the localization of lipids in breast cancer by IMS for better understanding of cancer proliferation.
Materials and methods: 13 specimens were obtained from the primary breast cancer patients. All were Japanese woman and aged 41–86 years (mean 61.5y.o.). Only one patient received preoperative systematic therapy. 6 were estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PgR) positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative, 2 were ER and/or PgR positive and HER2 positive, 2 were both ER and PgR negative and HER2 positive and 2 were triple negative.
IMS: Samples were immediately chilled in liquid Hexan and stored at −80°. All specimens were sliced into 10 mm thin sections, mounted onto one indium-tin oxide-coated glass slides (Bruker Daltonics) and then sprayed by 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid. Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) technique was used as a soft ionization method. We used time of flight (TOF)/TOF type instrument (Ultraflex, Bruker Daltonics) and all the spectrum were acquired automatically using Fleximaging software (Bruker Daltonics). Each spectral intensity at any mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) was measured at 16 regions of interest (ROI); 13 ROI were picked up from cancerous parts and 3 were from non-cancerous parts. Spectral intensities were compared and statistical analysis was performed by Mann Whitney test. The software was also used to create two-dimensional ion-density maps.
Results: In the cancerous parts of all the 13 specimens, two distinct peaks of the molecular ions were detected at m/z 798.5 and 810.5, which were not found in the non-cancerous parts. Median intensity of the molecular ions at m/z 798.5 and 810.5 were 38.9 and 3.18 in the cancerous part, while they were 0.84 and 1.02 in the non-cancerous part (p=0.010 and 0.015, respectively). Tandem mass spectrometry analysis for these two molecules revealed that they were two kinds of phosphatidylcholine (PC), PC (16:0/18:1) and PC (18:0/18:1). Localization of the individual PC was visualized by means of IMS, which showed that in cancerous part accumulation of PCs containing MUFA was more pronounced than those containing SFA only. Conclusion:
Two kinds of PC containing MUFA were found to highly accumulate in cancerous parts, which may suggest involvement of SCD1 in the membrane composition regulation and cancer proliferation. Further studies may thus be warranted to explore the relation between PC localization and the SCD1 expression.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-05-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ide
- 1Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - T Nishio
- 1Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Y Hosokawa
- 1Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - R Matsunuma
- 1Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - K Koizumi
- 1Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - H Ogura
- 1Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - N Shiiya
- 1Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - M Setou
- 1Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Zenda S, Hojo H, Kawashima M, Kohno R, Arahira S, Nishio T, Tahara M, Hayashi R, Kishimoto S, Ogino T. Proton Beam Therapy for Patients with Malignancies of the Nasal Cavity, Para-nasal Sinuses, and/or Involving the Skull Base: The Analysis of Late Toxicity. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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