1
|
D'Acunzo P, Pérez-González R, Kim Y, Hargash T, Miller C, Alldred MJ, Erdjument-Bromage H, Penikalapati SC, Pawlik M, Saito M, Saito M, Ginsberg SD, Neubert TA, Goulbourne CN, Levy E. Mitovesicles are a novel population of extracellular vesicles of mitochondrial origin altered in Down syndrome. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/7/eabe5085. [PMID: 33579698 PMCID: PMC7880603 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe5085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is an established hallmark of aging and neurodegenerative disorders such as Down syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using a high-resolution density gradient separation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from murine and human DS and diploid control brains, we identify and characterize a previously unknown population of double-membraned EVs containing multiple mitochondrial proteins distinct from previously described EV subtypes, including microvesicles and exosomes. We term these newly identified mitochondria-derived EVs "mitovesicles." We demonstrate that brain-derived mitovesicles contain a specific subset of mitochondrial constituents and that their levels and cargo are altered during pathophysiological processes where mitochondrial dysfunction occurs, including in DS. The development of a method for the selective isolation of mitovesicles paves the way for the characterization in vivo of biological processes connecting EV biology and mitochondria dynamics and for innovative therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale D'Acunzo
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Rocío Pérez-González
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yohan Kim
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Tal Hargash
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Chelsea Miller
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Melissa J Alldred
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hediye Erdjument-Bromage
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sai C Penikalapati
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Monika Pawlik
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Mitsuo Saito
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Division of Analytical Psychopharmacology, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Mariko Saito
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Division of Neurochemistry, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Stephen D Ginsberg
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Thomas A Neubert
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Chris N Goulbourne
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Efrat Levy
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
D'Acunzo P, Hargash T, Pawlik M, Goulbourne CN, Pérez-González R, Levy E. Enhanced generation of intraluminal vesicles in neuronal late endosomes in the brain of a Down syndrome mouse model with endosomal dysfunction. Dev Neurobiol 2019; 79:656-663. [PMID: 31278881 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is a human genetic disease caused by trisomy of chromosome 21 and characterized by early developmental brain abnormalities. Dysfunctional endosomal pathway in neurons is an early event of DS and Alzheimer's disease. Recently, we have demonstrated that exosome secretion is upregulated in human DS postmortem brains, in the brain of the trisomic mouse model Ts[Rb(12.1716 )]2Cje (Ts2) and by DS fibroblasts as compared with disomic controls. High levels of the tetraspanin CD63, a regulator of exosome biogenesis, were observed in DS brains. Partially blocking exosome secretion by DS fibroblasts exacerbated a pre-existing early endosomal pathology. We thus hypothesized that enhanced CD63 expression induces generation of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) in late endosomes/multivesicular bodies (MVBs), increasing exosome release as an endogenous mechanism to mitigate endosomal abnormalities in DS. Herein, we show a high-resolution electron microscopy analysis of MVBs in neurons of the frontal cortex of 12-month-old Ts2 mice and littermate diploid controls. Our quantitative analysis revealed that Ts2 MVBs are larger, more abundant, and contain a higher number of ILVs per neuron compared to controls. These findings were further corroborated biochemically by Western blot analysis of purified endosomal fractions showing higher levels of ILVs proteins in the same fractions containing endosomal markers in the brain of Ts2 mice compared to controls. These data suggest that upregulation of ILVs production may be a key homeostatic mechanism to alleviate endosomal dysregulation via the endosomal-exosomal pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale D'Acunzo
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Tal Hargash
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York
| | - Monika Pawlik
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York
| | - Chris N Goulbourne
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York
| | - Rocío Pérez-González
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Efrat Levy
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York.,Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|