1
|
Orban SA, Karamchandani TA, Tamm L, Sidol CA, Peugh J, Froehlich TE, Brinkman WB, Estell N, Mii AE, Epstein JN. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Related Deficits and Psychostimulant Medication Effects on Comprehension of Audiovisually Presented Educational Material in Children. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2018; 28:727-738. [PMID: 30148660 PMCID: PMC6306678 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2018.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to (1) examine differences in observed visual attention and motor activity, as well as comprehension of a science video between children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and (2) explore if psychostimulant medication improves ADHD behaviors and comprehension of a science video in children with ADHD. Method: Children aged 7-11 with (n = 91) and without (n = 45) ADHD watched a science video and then completed a comprehension test. Then, children with ADHD began a 4-week within-subject, randomized, double-blind crossover trial of methylphenidate (MPH). At post-testing, children were randomized to receive placebo or their optimal dosage, watched another science film, and completed a comprehension test. Results: Children with ADHD exhibited higher rates of motor activity during, and worse comprehension of material discussed within, the science video. Mediation models revealed that increased motor activity suppressed between-group differences in comprehension. MPH improved comprehension and visual attention, but not motor activity during the science video. Conclusion: Children with ADHD may benefit from MPH to improve comprehension of and sustained attention during audiovisually presented learning material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Orban
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Center for ADHD, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Address correspondence to: Sarah A. Orban, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Tampa, 401 W. Kennedy Blvd. SC 253, Tampa, FL, 33606
| | - Tanya A. Karamchandani
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology/Neuropsychology, TIRR Memorial Hermann Rehabilitation Network, Houston, Texas.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Baylor University, Houston, Texas
| | - Leanne Tamm
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Center for ADHD, Cincinnati, Ohio.,College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Craig A. Sidol
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - James Peugh
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Center for ADHD, Cincinnati, Ohio.,College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tanya E. Froehlich
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Center for ADHD, Cincinnati, Ohio.,College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - William B. Brinkman
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Center for ADHD, Cincinnati, Ohio.,College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Nicole Estell
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Center for ADHD, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Akemi E. Mii
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Center for ADHD, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jeffery N. Epstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Center for ADHD, Cincinnati, Ohio.,College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|