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Oltean T, Lippens L, Lemeire K, De Tender C, Vuylsteke M, Denys H, Vandecasteele K, Vandenabeele P, Adjemian S. Association of Cell Death Markers With Tumor Immune Cell Infiltrates After Chemo-Radiation in Cervical Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:892813. [PMID: 35903697 PMCID: PMC9316180 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.892813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Irradiation induces distinct cellular responses such as apoptosis, necroptosis, iron-dependent cell death (a feature of ferroptosis), senescence, and mitotic catastrophe. Several of these outcomes are immunostimulatory and may represent a potential for immunogenic type of cell death (ICD) induced by radiotherapy triggering abscopal effects. The purpose of this study is to determine whether intra-tumoral ICD markers can serve as biomarkers for the prediction of patient's outcomes defined as the metastasis status and survival over a 5-year period. Thirty-eight patients with locally advanced cervical cancer, treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy using cisplatin were included in this study. Pre-treatment tumor biopsy and post-treatment hysterectomy samples were stained for cell death markers and danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs): cleaved caspase-3 (apoptosis), phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase (pMLKL; necroptosis), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4; ferroptosis) and 4-hydroxy-2-noneal (4-HNE; ferroptosis), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and calreticulin. Although these markers could not predict the patient's outcome in terms of relapse or survival, many significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration. For instance, inducing ferroptosis post-treatment seems to negatively impact immune cell recruitment. Measuring ICD markers could reflect the impact of treatment on the tumor microenvironment with regard to immune cell recruitment and infiltration. One Sentence Summary Cell death readouts during neoadjuvant chemoradiation in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Oltean
- Cell Death and Inflammation Unit, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB)-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology (DBMB), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lien Lippens
- Ghent University, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Lemeire
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology (DBMB), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB)-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC) Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Caroline De Tender
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium
| | | | - Hannelore Denys
- Ghent University, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Vandecasteele
- Ghent University, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Cell Death and Inflammation Unit, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB)-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology (DBMB), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Methusalem Program, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandy Adjemian
- Cell Death and Inflammation Unit, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB)-UGent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology (DBMB), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
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Adjemian S, Oltean T, Martens S, Wiernicki B, Goossens V, Vanden Berghe T, Cappe B, Ladik M, Riquet FB, Heyndrickx L, Bridelance J, Vuylsteke M, Vandecasteele K, Vandenabeele P. Ionizing radiation results in a mixture of cellular outcomes including mitotic catastrophe, senescence, methuosis, and iron-dependent cell death. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:1003. [PMID: 33230108 PMCID: PMC7684309 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03209-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is commonly used as a cytotoxic treatment of a wide variety of tumors. Interestingly, few case reports underlined its potential to induce immune-mediated abscopal effects, resulting in regression of metastases, distant from the irradiated site. These observations are rare, and apparently depend on the dose used, suggesting that dose-related cellular responses may be involved in the distant immunogenic responses. Ionizing radiation (IR) has been reported to elicit immunogenic apoptosis, necroptosis, mitotic catastrophe, and senescence. In order to link a cellular outcome with a particular dose of irradiation, we performed a systematic study in a panel of cell lines on the cellular responses at different doses of X-rays. Remarkably, we observed that all cell lines tested responded in a similar fashion to IR with characteristics of mitotic catastrophe, senescence, lipid peroxidation, and caspase activity. Iron chelators (but not Ferrostatin-1 or vitamin E) could prevent the formation of lipid peroxides and cell death induced by IR, suggesting a crucial role of iron-dependent cell death during high-dose irradiation. We also show that in K-Ras-mutated cells, IR can induce morphological features reminiscent of methuosis, a cell death modality that has been recently described following H-Ras or K-Ras mutation overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Adjemian
- Unit of Molecular Signaling and Cell Death, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Teodora Oltean
- Unit of Molecular Signaling and Cell Death, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Martens
- Unit of Molecular Signaling and Cell Death, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bartosz Wiernicki
- Unit of Molecular Signaling and Cell Death, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vera Goossens
- VIB Screening Core & UGhent Expertise Centre for Bioassay Development and Screening (C-BIOS), VIB, UGhent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Vanden Berghe
- Unit of Molecular Signaling and Cell Death, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Cappe
- Unit of Molecular Signaling and Cell Death, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria Ladik
- Unit of Molecular Signaling and Cell Death, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Franck B Riquet
- Unit of Molecular Signaling and Cell Death, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Liesbeth Heyndrickx
- Unit of Molecular Signaling and Cell Death, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Bridelance
- Unit of Molecular Signaling and Cell Death, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Katrien Vandecasteele
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Unit of Molecular Signaling and Cell Death, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium. .,Methusalem program, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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