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Mairinger M, Maget A, Wagner-Skacel J, Mörkl S, Dalkner N, Hellinger T, Birner A, Fellendorf FT, Platzer M, Kreuzer K, Queissner R, Reininghaus B, Lenger M, Fabisch K, Fitz W, Kohlhammer-Dohr A, Krammer A, Holl AK, Painold A, Häussl A, Stross TM, Schmiedhofer F, Tmava-Berisha A, Pahsini K, Marinschek S, Wenninger J, Hamm C, Pilz R, Lehofer M, Amouzadeh-Ghadikolai O, Horvath A, Kainz G, Gallé B, Dinan TG, Butler MI, Reininghaus E, Bengesser S. Gut Microbiome Composition and Its Association with Sleep in Major Psychiatric Disorders. Neuropsychobiology 2023; 82:220-233. [PMID: 37321188 DOI: 10.1159/000530386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent across most major psychiatric disorders. Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuroimmune mechanisms, and circadian rhythm disturbances partially explain this connection. The gut microbiome is also suspected to play a role in sleep regulation, and recent studies suggest that certain probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiome transplantation can improve sleep quality. METHODS We aimed to assess the relationship between gut-microbiota composition, psychiatric disorders, and sleep quality in this cross-sectional, cross-disorder study. We recruited 103 participants, 63 patients with psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder [n = 31], bipolar disorder [n = 13], psychotic disorder [n = 19]) along with 40 healthy controls. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The fecal microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and groups were compared based on alpha and beta diversity metrics, as well as differentially abundant species and genera. RESULTS A transdiagnostic decrease in alpha diversity and differences in beta diversity indices were observed in psychiatric patients, compared to controls. Correlation analysis of diversity metrics and PSQI score showed no significance in the patient and control groups. However, three species, Ellagibacter isourolithinifaciens, Senegalimassilia faecalis, and uncultured Blautia sp., and two genera, Senegalimassilia and uncultured Muribaculaceae genus, were differentially abundant in psychiatric patients with good sleep quality (PSQI >8), compared to poor-sleep quality patients (PSQI ≤8). CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study raises important questions about the interconnection of the gut microbiome and sleep disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mairinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,
| | - Alexander Maget
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jolana Wagner-Skacel
- Department of Medical Psychology, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabrina Mörkl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nina Dalkner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Teresa Hellinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Armin Birner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Frederike T Fellendorf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martina Platzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Kreuzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Robert Queissner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melanie Lenger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Karin Fabisch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Werner Fitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Alexandra Krammer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Katharina Holl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Annamaria Painold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alfred Häussl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tatjana Maria Stross
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Franziska Schmiedhofer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Adelina Tmava-Berisha
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Karoline Pahsini
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabine Marinschek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julian Wenninger
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital LKH Graz 2, Graz, Austria
| | - Carlo Hamm
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital LKH Graz 2, Graz, Austria
| | - René Pilz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital LKH Graz 2, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Lehofer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital LKH Graz 2, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Angela Horvath
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Graz, Austria
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gudrun Kainz
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Birgit Gallé
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Timothy G Dinan
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary I Butler
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eva Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Susanne Bengesser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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