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Htet MK, Do TT, Wah T, Zin T, Hmone MP, Raihana S, Kirkwood E, Hlaing LM, Dibley MJ. Socio-economic and agricultural factors associated with stunting of under 5-year children: findings from surveys in mountains, dry zone and delta regions of rural Myanmar (2016-2017) - CORRIGENDUM. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1934. [PMID: 37477400 PMCID: PMC10478040 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023001404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
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Htet MK, Do TT, Wah T, Zin T, Hmone MP, Raihana S, Kirkwood E, Hlaing LM, Dibley MJ. Socio-economic and agricultural factors associated with stunting of under 5-year children: findings from surveys in mountains, dry zone and delta regions of rural Myanmar (2016-2017). Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1644-1657. [PMID: 37254445 PMCID: PMC10410374 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023001076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study's objective was to investigate multiple underlying social, economic and agricultural determinants of stunting among under-five children in three distinct ecological areas in rural Myanmar. DESIGN Repeated cross-sectional surveys in three states of Myanmar. SETTING Rural households in Chin (mountainous), Magway (plains) and Ayeyarwady (delta). PARTICIPANTS From two purposively selected adjacent townships in each state, we randomly selected twenty villages and, in each village, thirty households with under-five children. Households in the first survey in 2016 were revisited in late 2017 to capture seasonal variations. RESULTS Stunting increased from 40·4 % to 42·0 %, with the highest stunting prevalence in Chin state (62·4%). Univariate Poisson regression showed factors contributing to child stunting varied across the regions. Adjusted Poisson regression models showed that child's age and short maternal stature (aRR = 1·14 for Chin, aRR = 1·89 for Magway and aRR = 1·86 for Ayeyarwady) were consistently associated with child stunting across three areas. For Chin, village-level indicators such as crop consumption (aRR = 1·18), crop diversity (aRR = 0·82) and land ownership (aRR = 0·89) were significantly associated with stunting. In Magway, the number of household members (aRR = 1·92), wealth status (aRR = 0·46), food security status (aRR = 1·14), land ownership (aRR = 0·85) and in Ayeyarwady, women's decision-making (aRR = 0·67) and indicators related to hygiene (aRR = 1·13) and sanitation (aRR = 1·45) were associated with stunting. CONCLUSIONS Area-specific factors were associated with stunting. Maternal short stature and child age were consistent determinants of stunting. A multi-sectoral local approach, including improvements in transport, is needed to address the intergenerational malnutrition problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyaw Htet
- The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Myat Pan Hmone
- The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shahreen Raihana
- The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Lwin Mar Hlaing
- National Nutrition Centre, Ministry of Health and Sports, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Michael J Dibley
- The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia
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Shanmuga Sundaram C, Sivakumar J, Suresh S, Zin T, Mahadeva Rao US. Antidiabetic potential and high synergistic antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesised with Musa Paradisiaca tepal extract. Med J Malaysia 2021; 76:80-86. [PMID: 33510114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work investigates the Musa Paradisiaca plant and its tepal extracts. The research findings show that the tepal extracts of M. Paradisiaca contain high phytochemical activity. Hence we can conclude that these plants have a number of beneficial properties. Phytochemical analysis concludes that the plant is rich in flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, terpenoids, and phytosterol. In the current work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have revealed the antioxidant properties of M. Paradisiaca. The results show that the methanolic extracts of these tepals exhibit antioxidant potential and are also sources of natural antioxidant compounds, though comparatively, AgNPs have shown the best antioxidant activity. This work investigates the link between the ethnopharmacological statements and the bioactive constituents found in M. Paradisiaca toward all probable markers for cervical cancer via in vivo studies and molecular docking, to form a pharmacophore setting for the active target. However, most of the mechanisms of action of herbal medicines are not in total agreement, and the information collected from their traditional remedies over the years must not be neglected. Hence, it is sensible to investigate the options available in herbal medicine for cancer progression. Biosynthesised AgNPs are principally spherical and nanosized. It was also found that tepalmediated AgNPs exhibit excellent antimicrobial efficacy against tested human pathogens. This green method can be used as a better alternative source than the chemical fabrication of nanomaterials and the biosynthesised nanoparticles can be used in antibacterial medicines. The methanolictepal extract of M. Paradisiaca with AgNPs displayed proficient antidiabetic properties in the diabetes rat model and so could have a possible development for medical use in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Shanmuga Sundaram
- Hindustan College of Arts & Science, PG & Research Department of Microbiology, Padur, Chennai, India
| | - J Sivakumar
- Hindustan College of Arts & Science, PG & Research Department of Biotechnology, Padur, Chennai, India
| | - S Suresh
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - T Zin
- Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Faculty of Medicine, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - U S Mahadeva Rao
- Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Faculty of Medicine, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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Us MR, Zin T, C SS, Iqbal M. Effect of syringin (eleutheroside B) on the physiological and hematological parameters in STZ induced Type II diabetic Wistar rats. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020. [PMID: 33867336 DOI: 10.36721/pjps.2020.33.6.reg.2601-2606.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the physiological indices such as body weight, food and fluid drinking concern to antidiabetic properties of syringin and its useful outcome on hematological parameters in streptozotocin stimulated diabetic rats. Six normal and 18 diabetic rats totally 24 rats have been used for the present investigation. Streptozotocin was injected in male Wistar rats to induce diabetes through intraperitoneal route. After the confirmation of diabetes, the test animals were treated with distilled water through oral route or syringin 5 mg/kg body weight/ rat /day for 10 days. The diabetic treated groups compared with the controls were evaluated based on their hematological parameters such as red blood cells, white blood cells and its functional indices. The blood glucose levels significantly decreased in syringin injected rats. The intake of water and feed in diabetic rats were significantly decreased, whereas after syringin administration the weight loss was minimized. Congruently, the level of red blood cells, white blood cells and their functional key characters were also considerably enhanced. It can be conjectured that syringin has antihyperglycemic properties. In addition, it can positively amend some hematological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadeva Rao Us
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Thant Zin
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | | | - Mudassar Iqbal
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Sundaram CS, Kumar JS, Kumar SS, Ramesh PLN, Zin T, Rao USM. Antibacterial and anticancer potential of Brassica oleracea var acephala using biosynthesised copper nanoparticles. Med J Malaysia 2020; 75:677-684. [PMID: 33219177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brassica oleracea var acephala was studied for preliminary phytochemical screening. The results showed that the ethanolic crude extract of the leaf contain high phytochemical activity hence B.oleracea var acephala is rich in flavonoids, phenolic compounds, carbohydrates and phytosterols. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethanolic extract was used to synthesise copper nanoparticles. The copper nanoparticles were successfully synthesised from copper sulphate solution which was identified by the colour change from dark green colour of the extract. Thus the B.oleracea var acephala is a good source to synthesis copper nanoparticles. The synthesised copper nanoparticles were characterised using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis. The SEM image displayed the high-density nanoparticles synthesised by leaf extracts and that the nanoparticles were crystals in shape. RESULTS The copper nanoparticles (CNP) bind to the leaf extract. B.oleracea var acephala also has shown the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. A comparative study was done between ethanolic its crude extract and nanoparticles. Both extracts exhibited zone of inhibition and better antioxidant potential but the CuNPs shows major zone of inhibition and showed more antioxidant activity. Anticancer activity of B.oleracea var acephala against Cervical HeLa cell line was confirmed using ethanolic crude extract and CNP. The results showed that HeLa cells proliferation was inhibited with increasing concentration of ethanolic crude extract and copper nanoparticles. From the results, it was seen that percentage viability of the cancer cells decreased with increased concentration of the samples whereas cytotoxicity against HeLa cell lines increased with the increased concentration of the samples. CONCLUSION Thus B.oleracea var acephala possesses anticancer activity against HeLa cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Sundaram
- PG & Research Department of Microbiology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, Chennai, India
| | - J S Kumar
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, Chennai, India
| | - S S Kumar
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - T Zin
- Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Faculty of Medicine, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - U S M Rao
- Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Faculty of Medicine, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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Yussof F, Hassan A, Zin T, Hussin T, Kadarman N, Umar R. Knowledge of dengue among students in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UNISZA), Terengganu, Malaysia and the influence of knowledge of dengue on attitude and practice. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i2s.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Zin T, Mudin KD, Myint T, Naing DKS, Sein T, Shamsul BS. Influencing factors for household water quality improvement in reducing diarrhoea in resource-limited areas. WHO South East Asia J Public Health 2013; 2:6-11. [PMID: 28612817 DOI: 10.4103/2224-3151.115828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Water and sanitation are major public health issues exacerbated by rapid population growth, limited resources, disasters and environmental depletion. This study was undertaken to study the influencing factors for household water quality improvement for reducing diarrhoea in resource-limited areas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were collected from articles and reviews from relevant randomized controlled trials, new articles, systematic reviews and meta-analyses from PubMed, World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and WELL Resource Centre For Water, Sanitation And Environmental Health. DISCUSSION Water quality on diarrhoea prevention could be affected by contamination during storage, collection and even at point-of-use. Point-of-use water treatment (household-based) is the most cost-effective method for prevention of diarrhoea. Chemical disinfection, filtration, thermal disinfection, solar disinfection and flocculation and disinfection are five most promising household water treatment methodologies for resource-limited areas. CONCLUSION Promoting household water treatment is most essential for preventing diarrhoeal disease. In addition, the water should be of acceptable taste, appropriate for emergency and non-emergency use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thant Zin
- Community and Family Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Kamarudin D Mudin
- Medicine Base Department, School of Medicine, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Than Myint
- Rural Medicine Research Unit, School of Medicine, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Daw K S Naing
- Community and Family Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Tracy Sein
- Rural Medicine Education Center, School of Medicine, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - B S Shamsul
- Occupational Safety and Health Center, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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Zin T, Maw M, Oo S, Pai D, Paijan R, Kyi M. How I do it: Simple and effortless approach to identify thoracodorsal nerve on axillary clearance procedure. Ecancermedicalscience 2012; 6:255. [PMID: 22675404 PMCID: PMC3362567 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2012.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer surgery frequently involves an axillary clearance procedure for nodal metastases. Injury to the thoracodorsal nerve is one of the complications related to the axillary dissection. The thoracodorsal nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi muscle which facilitates in certain movements of the arm. Moreover, it can be used as a nerve graft in long thoracic nerve injury whether in trauma or surgery. Understanding the anatomy structures and good surgical technique in the axillary clearance procedure can identify and prevent such an injury to the thoracodorsal nerve. Here, we demonstrate a simple and effortless technique for identification of the thoracodorsal nerve during axillary surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zin
- Department of Surgery, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Melaka, Malaysia
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Zin T, Maw M, Pai DR, Paijan RB, Kyi M. Efferent limb of gastrojejunostomy obstruction by a whole okra phytobezoar: Case report and brief review. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 4:197-200. [PMID: 22624073 PMCID: PMC3355244 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v4.i5.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 01/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A phytobezoar is one of the intraluminal causes of gastric outlet obstruction, especially in patients with previous gastric surgery and/or gastric motility disorders. Before the proton pump inhibitor era, vagotomy, pyloroplasty, gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy were commonly performed procedures in peptic ulcer patients. One of the sequelae of gastrojejunostomy is phytobezoar formation. However, a bezoar causing gastric outlet obstruction is rare even with giant gastric bezoars. We report a rare case of gastric outlet obstruction due to a phytobezoar obstructing the efferent limb of the gastrojejunostomy site. This phytobezoar which consisted of a whole piece of okra (lady finger vegetable) was successfully removed by endoscopic snare. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of okra bezoar-related gastrojejunostomy efferent limb obstruction reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thant Zin
- Thant Zin, Myat Maw, Dinker Ramananda Pai, Department of Surgery, Melaka Manipal Medical College, 75150 Melaka, Malaysia
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Affiliation(s)
- Thant Zin
- Melaka Manipal Medical College; Surgery; Jalan Batu Hampar, Bukit Baru Melaka Malaysia 75150
| | - Kye Mon Min Swe
- Melaka Manipal Medical College; Community Medicine; Jalan Batu Hampar, Bukit Baru Melaka Malaysia 75150
| | - Myat Maw
- Melaka Manipal Medical College; Surgery; Jalan Batu Hampar, Bukit Baru Melaka Malaysia 75150
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Shetty NJ, Minn MZ, Zin T, Juanita SR. Insecticides susceptibility studies of mosquito larvae from Mandya District, Karnataka State. J Commun Dis 2010; 42:71-73. [PMID: 22468555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N J Shetty
- Centre for Applied Genetics, Bangalore University, JB Campus, Bangalore
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Wang S, Thamboo TP, Nga ME, Zin T, Cheng A, Tan KB. C-kit positive amelanotic melanoma of the oesophagus: a potential diagnostic pitfall. Pathology 2008; 40:527-30. [PMID: 18604743 DOI: 10.1080/00313020802197954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tan KY, Zin T, Sim HL, Poon PL, Cheng A, Mak K. Randomized clinical trial comparing LigaSure haemorrhoidectomy with open diathermy haemorrhoidectomy. Tech Coloproctol 2008; 12:93-7. [PMID: 18545884 PMCID: PMC2780654 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-008-0405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Milligan-Morgan excision haem-orrhoidectomy remains a very popular treatment modality for third and fourth degree haemorrhoids due to its cost effectiveness and good long-term results. The LigaSure tissue-sealing device is an alternative technique used in haemorrhoidectomy that has been shown to produce favourable results. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the LigaSure tissue sealing device in comparison with conventional diathermy haemorrhoidectomy Methods A prospective clinical trial was conducted. Patients with newly diagnosed haemorrhoids requiring haemorrhoidectomy were randomized to either LigaSure haemorrhoidectomy or diathermy haemorrhoidectomy. Surgical technique and postoperative care was standardized. Outcome measures were operative time and bleeding, postoperative pain (measured on a visual analogue scale) and rate of wound healing Results We randomized 44 patients, 22 to LigaSure and 22 to diathermy; 43 patients were evaluated. They were aged between 19 and 71 years. There were no differences in patient demographics or type of haemorrhoid being operated on. LigaSure haemorrhoidectomy had a significantly lower mean operative time and intraoperative bleeding. At 3 weeks after surgery, haemorrhoidectomy performed with LigaSure had an odds ratio for complete epithelialization of 3.1 over diathermy (95% CI 1.2–8.2). There was no difference in postoperative pain Conclusion LigaSure haemorrhoidectomy is superior to diathermy for open haemorrhoidectomy
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Affiliation(s)
- K-Y Tan
- Department of Surgery Colorectal Service, Alexandra Hospital, 378 Alexandra Road, Singapore 159964, Singapore.
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Torretta O, Guerci A, Carossino P, Zin T. Cross-sectional anthropometric study of Burmese boys and girls 9-14 years of age with secular comparisons from 1948. Am J Hum Biol 1994; 6:693-697. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.1310060603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/1993] [Accepted: 05/16/1994] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Aung-Khin M, Ma-Ma K, Zin T. Effects of Russell's viper venom on blood coagulation, platelets and the fibrinolytic enzyme system. Jpn J Med Sci Biol 1977; 30:101-8. [PMID: 916351 DOI: 10.7883/yoken1952.30.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Russell's viper venom (RVV) on blood coagulation, platelts and fibrinolysis were studied in vivo and in vitro in rabbits and dogs as experimental subjects. RVV was shown to be a strong coagulant, and at the time of manifestation of bleeding due to consumption coagulopathy, the most striking hemostatic abnormalities were fall of fibrinogen level, reduction in platelet count, delayed ADP aggregation of platelets, increased fibrinolytic activity and presence of fibrin degradation products. These findings showed that RVV interfered with blood coagulation, caused abnormalities of platelet function and also activated the fibrinolytic enzyme system.
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Kume M, Zin T, Oyama T. [Anesthetic experience with a patient with Friedreich's ataxia]. Masui 1976; 25:877-80. [PMID: 988214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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