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Saenger T, Schulte MF, Vordenbäumen S, Hermann FC, Bertelsbeck J, Meier K, Bleck E, Schneider M, Jose J. Structural Analysis of Breast-Milk α S1-Casein: An α-Helical Conformation Is Required for TLR4-Stimulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1743. [PMID: 38339021 PMCID: PMC10855866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast-milk αS1-casein is a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist, whereas phosphorylated αS1-casein does not bind TLR4. The objective of this study was to analyse the structural requirements for these effects. In silico analysis of αS1-casein indicated high α-helical content with coiled-coil characteristics. This was confirmed by CD-spectroscopy, showing the α-helical conformation to be stable between pH 2 and 7.4. After in vitro phosphorylation, the α-helical content was significantly reduced, similar to what it was after incubation at 80 °C. This conformation showed no in vitro induction of IL-8 secretion via TLR4. A synthetic peptide corresponding to V77-E92 of αS1-casein induced an IL-8 secretion of 0.95 ng/mL via TLR4. Our results indicate that αS1-casein appears in two distinct conformations, an α-helical TLR4-agonistic and a less α-helical TLR4 non-agonistic conformation induced by phosphorylation. This is to indicate that the immunomodulatory role of αS1-casein, as described before, could be regulated by conformational changes induced by phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Saenger
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, PharmaCampus, Correnstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; (T.S.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Marten F. Schulte
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, PharmaCampus, Correnstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; (T.S.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Stefan Vordenbäumen
- Department of Rheumatology and Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Fabian C. Hermann
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemie, University of Münster, PharmaCampus, Correnstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Juliana Bertelsbeck
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, PharmaCampus, Correnstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; (T.S.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Kathrin Meier
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, PharmaCampus, Correnstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; (T.S.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Ellen Bleck
- Department of Rheumatology and Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Department of Rheumatology and Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, PharmaCampus, Correnstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; (T.S.); (M.F.S.)
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Sugianto RI, Saenger T, Ahn C, Chong AS, Goldberg AM, Grabitz C, Mannon RB, Marson L, Memaran N, Sapir-Pichhadze R, Tullius SG, von der Born J, West LJ, Foster BJ, Lerminiaux L, Wong G, Melk A. State-of-the-art Meeting on Sex and Gender in Transplantation: The Female Perspective. Transplantation 2023; 107:1865-1869. [PMID: 37101316 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rizky Indrameikha Sugianto
- Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thorsten Saenger
- Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Curie Ahn
- Division of Nephrology, National Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Anita S Chong
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Aviva M Goldberg
- Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Carl Grabitz
- Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roslyn B Mannon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Lorna Marson
- The Edinburgh Transplant Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nima Memaran
- Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Stefan G Tullius
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jeannine von der Born
- Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lori J West
- Departments of Pediatrics, Surgery, Medical Microbiology/Immunology and Laboratory Medicine/Pathology, University of Alberta, Alberta Transplant Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Bethany J Foster
- Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Germaine Wong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anette Melk
- Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Lange A, Patel PH, Heames B, Damry AM, Saenger T, Jackson CJ, Findlay GD, Bornberg-Bauer E. Structural and functional characterization of a putative de novo gene in Drosophila. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1667. [PMID: 33712569 PMCID: PMC7954818 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21667-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparative genomic studies have repeatedly shown that new protein-coding genes can emerge de novo from noncoding DNA. Still unknown is how and when the structures of encoded de novo proteins emerge and evolve. Combining biochemical, genetic and evolutionary analyses, we elucidate the function and structure of goddard, a gene which appears to have evolved de novo at least 50 million years ago within the Drosophila genus. Previous studies found that goddard is required for male fertility. Here, we show that Goddard protein localizes to elongating sperm axonemes and that in its absence, elongated spermatids fail to undergo individualization. Combining modelling, NMR and circular dichroism (CD) data, we show that Goddard protein contains a large central α-helix, but is otherwise partially disordered. We find similar results for Goddard's orthologs from divergent fly species and their reconstructed ancestral sequences. Accordingly, Goddard's structure appears to have been maintained with only minor changes over millions of years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lange
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Prajal H Patel
- Department of Biology, College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Brennen Heames
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Adam M Damry
- Research School of Chemistry, ANU College of Science, Canberra, Australia
| | - Thorsten Saenger
- Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Colin J Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry, ANU College of Science, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Erich Bornberg-Bauer
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Spiegler V, Gierlikowska B, Saenger T, Addotey JN, Sendker J, Jose J, Kiss AK, Hensel A. Root Extracts From Ononis spinosa Inhibit IL-8 Release via Interactions With Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Lipopolysaccharide. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:889. [PMID: 32595508 PMCID: PMC7304261 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracts from the roots of Ononis spinosa L. (restharrow roots) are traditionally used for the treatment of patients with urinary tract infections due to its mild diuretic activity, caused by the inhibition of renal human hyaluronidase-1 by isoflavonoids. Preliminary studies also indicated anti-inflammatory effects. The following study aimed at investigating potential anti-inflammatory effects of restharrow extracts, prepared with solvents of different polarity. A dichloromethane extract (OS1), mainly composed of isoflavonoids and triterpenes as characterized by LC-MS, showed a concentration-dependent (25–100 μg/ml) inhibition of IL-8 and TNF-α release from LPS-stimulated human neutrophils. Significant inhibition was also found for the triterpene α-onocerin and the norneolignan clitorienolactone B, isolated from OS1. Further, OS1 and both compounds significantly decreased the expression of the adhesion molecules CD11b/CD18 and conversely increased the expression of CD62L in LPS-stimulated human neutrophils. This finding corresponds to a reduced inflammatory response by the inhibition of adhesion and migration of immune cells. As all of the observed effects are potentially mediated via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, TLR4 transfected HEK293 cells were incubated with OS1. LPS-induced IL-8 secretion was significantly inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner, confirming TLR4 antagonism. This inhibition, however, was in part caused by an interaction of OS1 with LPS. In addition, also an aqueous extract containing high amounts of isoflavonoid glycosides and saponins from the roots of O. spinosa showed anti-inflammatory effects by interacting with the TLR4 signaling pathway. This study rationalizes the traditional use of extracts from O. spinosa for therapy of urinary tract infections, due to its potential anti-inflammatory effects that are mediated via TLR4 receptor antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Spiegler
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Barbara Gierlikowska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thorsten Saenger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - John N Addotey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Jandirk Sendker
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anna K Kiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andreas Hensel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Saenger T, Vordenbäumen S, Genich S, Haidar S, Schulte M, Nienberg C, Bleck E, Schneider M, Jose J. Human α S1-casein induces IL-8 secretion by binding to the ecto-domain of the TLR4/MD2 receptor complex. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1863:632-643. [PMID: 30553868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The milk protein αS1-casein was recently reported to induce secretion of proinflammatory cytokines via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). In this study, αS1-casein was identified as binder of theTLR4 ecto domain. METHODS IL-8 secretion after stimulation of TLR4/MD2 (myeloid differentiation factor 2)/CD14 (cluster of differentiation 14)-transfected HEK293 cells (TLR4+) and Mono Mac 6 cells (MM6) with recombinant αS1-casein, or LPS as control was monitored. Binding of αS1-casein to TLR4 was quantified by microscale thermophoresis (MST). RESULTS αS1-casein induced secretion of IL-8 in TLR4+ cells and in MM6 cells with a six-times higher final IL-8 concentration in supernatants. IL-8 secretion was inhibited by intracellular TLR4-domain antagonist TAK-242 with an IC50-value of 259.6 nM, by ecto-domain TLR4 antagonistic mianserin with 10-51 μM and by anti-CD14-IgA. The binding constants (KD) of αS1-casein to the TLR4, MD2, and CD14 were 2.8 μM, 0.3 μM and 2.7 μM, respectively. Finally, αS1-casein showed a higher affinity to TLR4/MD2 (KD: 2.2 μM) compared to LPS (KD: 8.2 μM). CONCLUSION Human αS1-casein induced proinflammatory effects are dependent upon binding to the TLR4 ectodomain and the presence of CD14. αS1-casein displayed stronger TLR4 agonistic activity than LPS via a different mode of action. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Breast milk protein αS1-casein is a proinflammatory cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Saenger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Stefan Vordenbäumen
- Medical Faculty, Department of Rheumatology, Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Swetlana Genich
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Samer Haidar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Marten Schulte
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Christian Nienberg
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Ellen Bleck
- Medical Faculty, Department of Rheumatology, Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Medical Faculty, Department of Rheumatology, Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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König S, Altendorfer I, Saenger T, Bleck E, Vordenbäumen S, Schneider M, Jose J. Ser71 of αS1-Casein is Phosphorylated in Breast Milk-Evidence from Targeted Mass Analysis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28786558 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The casein phosphoproteins in mother's milk supply calcium and phosphate ions and make them biologically available to the newborn. Human αS1-casein is of particular interest being also an autoantigen and proinflammatory cytokine. Phosphorylation of αS1-casein by casein kinase 2 completely abolishes binding to toll-like receptor 4 and proinflammatory effects. It is, however, not known, which amino acids are affected. Therefore, breast milk samples were analyzed in an effort to detect the phosphorylation sites of αS1-casein. METHODS AND RESULTS Breast milk samples were tryptically digested. Target tandem MS analysis confirmed the known phosphorylation sites S33 and S41; evidence for pS89 was found in some samples. Experimental support for the presence of pS31 and pS34 was weak. Phosphorylation of a new site in αS1-casein, S71, was reproducibly measured in all samples, albeit at much lower intensity than pS33 and pS41. CONCLUSION Phospho-occupancy rates varied greatly and could not be confidently correlated to other parameters within the cohort of 20 donors. The new phosphosite S71 is located in the neighborhood of the serine-rich region and may contribute to the cluster of high charge density at normal milk pH, likely exerting an influence on protein tertiary structure and thus function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone König
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Münster, Germany
| | - Irina Altendorfer
- Department of Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, PharmaCampus, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Münster, Germany
| | - Thorsten Saenger
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, PharmaCampus, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Münster, Germany
| | - Ellen Bleck
- Department of Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Vordenbäumen
- Department of Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Department of Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, PharmaCampus, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Münster, Germany
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Vordenbäumen S, Saenger T, Braukmann A, Tahan T, Bleck E, Jose J, Schneider M. Human casein alpha s1 induces proinflammatory cytokine expression in monocytic cells by TLR4 signaling. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1079-89. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vordenbäumen
- Medical Faculty, Department of Rheumatology and Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology; Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Thorsten Saenger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus; Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Achim Braukmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus; Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Tamara Tahan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus; Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Ellen Bleck
- Medical Faculty, Department of Rheumatology and Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology; Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus; Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Medical Faculty, Department of Rheumatology and Hiller Research Unit Rheumatology; Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
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Altendorfer I, König S, Braukmann A, Saenger T, Bleck E, Vordenbäumen S, Kubiak A, Schneider M, Jose J. Quantification of αS1-casein in breast milk using a targeted mass spectrometry-based approach. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 103:52-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Saenger T, Braukmann A, Vordenbäumen S, Altendorfer I, Bleck E, Hochwallner H, Valenta R, Schneider M, Jose J. Development of a surface display ELISA to detect anti-IgG antibodies against bovine αS1-casein in human sera. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 96:144-50. [PMID: 24747146 PMCID: PMC4415149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop a surface display ELISA (SD-ELISA) for IgG-serum reaction against bovine casein αS1 (CSN1S1). In a SD-ELISA, the antigen is displayed on the surface of Escherichia coli using the autodisplay technology and whole cells of E. coli are used to coat the microplates for serum testing. After establishing the setup of the SD-ELISA with polyclonal rabbit antiserum against bovine CSN1S1, the SD-ELISA was validated with 20 human sera, of which 10 sera were proven to have an IgG-mediated reaction against bovine CSN1S1 and 10 sera were shown to be negative for this reaction. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis revealed sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100% at a cut-off value of 0.133. Furthermore, human serum of 48 patients with known reactivity against human CSN1S1 (31 positive and 17 negative) was examined by the newly developed SD-ELISA to exclude cross-reactivity. Twenty human sera showed an IgG-mediated reaction against bovine CSN1S1. Eleven of these sera were positive for the reactivity against human CSN1S1, and nine were negative. In conclusion it was demonstrated that the performance of SD-ELISA is comparable to established ELISA without loss in sensitivity or specificity. Based on the advantages of this method - in particular no need for time-consuming and expensive antigen production and purification - the SD-ELISA is a potent alternative to convenient methods for identification and especially high-throughput screening of new antigens in the field of food allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Saenger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Achim Braukmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Stefan Vordenbäumen
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Department of Rheumatology, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Irina Altendorfer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Ellen Bleck
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Department of Rheumatology, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Heidrun Hochwallner
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Department of Rheumatology, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Petermann K, Vordenbäumen S, Maas R, Braukmann A, Bleck E, Saenger T, Schneider M, Jose J. Autoantibodies to αS1-casein are induced by breast-feeding. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32716. [PMID: 22496735 PMCID: PMC3319542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The generation of antibodies is impaired in newborns due to an immature immune system and reduced exposure to pathogens due to maternally derived antibodies and placental functions. During nursing, the immune system of newborns is challenged with multiple milk-derived proteins. Amongst them, caseins are the main constituent. In particular, human αS1-casein (CSN1S1) was recently shown to possess immunomodulatory properties. We were thus interested to determine if auto-antibodies to CSN1S1 are induced by breast-feeding and may be sustained into adulthood. Methods 62 sera of healthy adult individuals who were (n = 37) or were not (n = 25) breast-fed against human CSN1S1 were investigated by a new SD (surface display)-ELISA. For cross-checking, these sera were tested for anti Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibodies by a commercial ELISA. Results IgG-antibodies were predominantly detected in individuals who had been nursed. At a cut-off value of 0.4, the SD-ELISA identified individuals with a history of having been breast-fed with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 92%. Under these conditions, 35 out of 37 sera from healthy donors, who where breast-fed, reacted positively but only 5 sera of the 25 donors who were not breast-fed. The duration of breast-feeding was of no consequence to the antibody reaction as some healthy donors were only short term breast-fed (5 days minimum until 6 weeks maximum), but exhibited significant serum reaction against human CSN1S1 nonetheless. Conclusion We postulate that human CSN1S1 is an autoantigen. The antigenicity is orally determined, caused by breast-feeding, and sustained into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Petermann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Vordenbäumen
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruth Maas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Achim Braukmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ellen Bleck
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Saenger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Schebb NH, Heus F, Saenger T, Karst U, Irth H, Kool J. Development of a Countergradient Parking System for Gradient Liquid Chromatography with Online Biochemical Detection of Serine Protease Inhibitors. Anal Chem 2008; 80:6764-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ac801035e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Helge Schebb
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ferry Heus
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thorsten Saenger
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Karst
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hubertus Irth
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kool
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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