1
|
Liang L, Zheng W, Yao R, Zheng Q, Yao Z, Zhou TG, Huang Q, Zhang Z, Ye J, Zhou X, Chen X, Chen W, Zhai H, Hu J. Probing quantum many-body correlations by universal ramping dynamics. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:2550-2556. [PMID: 36604033 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ramping a physical parameter is one of the most common experimental protocols in studying a quantum system, and ramping dynamics has been widely used in preparing a quantum state and probing physical properties. Here, we present a novel method of probing quantum many-body correlation by ramping dynamics. We ramp a Hamiltonian parameter to the same target value from different initial values and with different velocities, and we show that the first-order correction on the finite ramping velocity is universal and path-independent, revealing a novel quantum many-body correlation function of the equilibrium phases at the target values. We term this method as the non-adiabatic linear response since this is the leading order correction beyond the adiabatic limit. We demonstrate this method experimentally by studying the Bose-Hubbard model with ultracold atoms in three-dimensional optical lattices. Unlike the conventional linear response that reveals whether the quasi-particle dispersion of a quantum phase is gapped or gapless, this probe is more sensitive to whether the quasi-particle lifetime is long enough such that the quantum phase possesses a well-defined quasi-particle description. In the Bose-Hubbard model, this non-adiabatic linear response is significant in the quantum critical regime where well-defined quasi-particles are absent. And in contrast, this response is vanishingly small in both superfluid and Mott insulators which possess well-defined quasi-particles. Because our proposal uses the most common experimental protocol, we envision that our method can find broad applications in probing various quantum systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Libo Liang
- School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ruixiao Yao
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qinpei Zheng
- School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tian-Gang Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qi Huang
- School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhongchi Zhang
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jilai Ye
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoji Zhou
- School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xuzong Chen
- School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Wenlan Chen
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Hui Zhai
- Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jiazhong Hu
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|