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Gurke J, Naegele TE, Hilton S, Pezone R, Curto VF, Barone DG, List-Kratochvil EJW, Carnicer-Lombarte A, Malliaras GG. Hybrid fabrication of multimodal intracranial implants for electrophysiology and local drug delivery. Mater Horiz 2022; 9:1727-1734. [PMID: 35474130 PMCID: PMC9169700 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01855h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
New fabrication approaches for mechanically flexible implants hold the key to advancing the applications of neuroengineering in fundamental neuroscience and clinic. By combining the high precision of thin film microfabrication with the versatility of additive manufacturing, we demonstrate a straight-forward approach for the prototyping of intracranial implants with electrode arrays and microfluidic channels. We show that the implant can modulate neuronal activity in the hippocampus through localized drug delivery, while simultaneously recording brain activity by its electrodes. Moreover, good implant stability and minimal tissue response are seen one-week post-implantation. Our work shows the potential of hybrid fabrication combining different manufacturing techniques in neurotechnology and paves the way for a new approach to the development of multimodal implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Gurke
- University of Cambridge, Electrical Engineering Division, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK.
| | - Tobias E Naegele
- University of Cambridge, Electrical Engineering Division, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK.
| | - Sam Hilton
- University of Cambridge, Electrical Engineering Division, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK.
| | - Roberto Pezone
- University of Cambridge, Electrical Engineering Division, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK.
| | - Vincenzo F Curto
- University of Cambridge, Electrical Engineering Division, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK.
| | - Damiano G Barone
- University of Cambridge, Electrical Engineering Division, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK.
- University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Emil J W List-Kratochvil
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry and of Physics and IRIS Adlershof, Hybrid Devices Group, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - George G Malliaras
- University of Cambridge, Electrical Engineering Division, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK.
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Wang W, Ouaras K, Rutz AL, Li X, Gerigk M, Naegele TE, Malliaras GG, Huang YYS. Inflight fiber printing toward array and 3D optoelectronic and sensing architectures. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaba0931. [PMID: 32998891 PMCID: PMC7527227 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba0931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Scalability and device integration have been prevailing issues limiting our ability in harnessing the potential of small-diameter conducting fibers. We report inflight fiber printing (iFP), a one-step process that integrates conducting fiber production and fiber-to-circuit connection. Inorganic (silver) or organic {PEDOT:PSS [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate]} fibers with 1- to 3-μm diameters are fabricated, with the fiber arrays exhibiting more than 95% transmittance (350 to 750 nm). The high surface area-to-volume ratio, permissiveness, and transparency of the fiber arrays were exploited to construct sensing and optoelectronic architectures. We show the PEDOT:PSS fibers as a cell-interfaced impedimetric sensor, a three-dimensional (3D) moisture flow sensor, and noncontact, wearable/portable respiratory sensors. The capability to design suspended fibers, networks of homo cross-junctions and hetero cross-junctions, and coupling iFP fibers with 3D-printed parts paves the way to additive manufacturing of fiber-based 3D devices with multilatitude functions and superior spatiotemporal resolution, beyond conventional film-based device architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FF, UK
| | - Karim Ouaras
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FF, UK
| | - Alexandra L Rutz
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FF, UK
| | - Magda Gerigk
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FF, UK
| | - Tobias E Naegele
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - George G Malliaras
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Yan Yan Shery Huang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK.
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FF, UK
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