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Zakowiecki D, Edinger P, Hess T, Paszkowska J, Staniszewska M, Romanova S, Garbacz G. Effect of Compaction Pressure on the Enzymatic Activity of Pancreatin in Directly Compressible Formulations. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2224. [PMID: 37765193 PMCID: PMC10534463 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tableting of biomolecules is a challenging formulation phase due to their sensitivity to various process parameters, such as compression pressure, process dynamics, or the temperature generated. In the present study, pancreatin was employed as a model enzyme mixture, which was formulated in tablet form utilizing the synergistic effects of brittle and plastic excipients (dibasic calcium phosphate and microcrystalline cellulose, respectively). The effect of varying compaction pressure and lubricant concentration on the generated temperature and enzymatic activity was evaluated. The tablets were analyzed for pancreatin content and the activity of two enzymes (protease and amylase) using pharmacopoeial tests. This study indicated that the formulations proposed here allow tableting over a wide range of compaction pressures without adversely affecting pancreatin content and its enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zakowiecki
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany (T.H.)
| | - Peter Edinger
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany (T.H.)
| | - Tobias Hess
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany (T.H.)
| | - Jadwiga Paszkowska
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o., Skarbowcow 81/7, 53-025 Wroclaw, Poland (G.G.)
| | | | - Svitlana Romanova
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o., Skarbowcow 81/7, 53-025 Wroclaw, Poland (G.G.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National University of Pharmacy, Pushkinska 53, 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Grzegorz Garbacz
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o., Skarbowcow 81/7, 53-025 Wroclaw, Poland (G.G.)
- Physiolution GmbH, Walther-Rathenau-Strasse 49a, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
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2
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Zakowiecki D, Richter M, Yuece C, Voelp A, Ries M, Papaioannou M, Edinger P, Hess T, Mojsiewicz-Pieńkowska K, Cal K. Towards the Continuous Manufacturing of Liquisolid Tablets Containing Simethicone and Loperamide Hydrochloride with the Use of a Twin-Screw Granulator. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041265. [PMID: 37111750 PMCID: PMC10142538 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous manufacturing is becoming the new technological standard in the pharmaceutical industry. In this work, a twin-screw processor was employed for the continuous production of liquisolid tablets containing either simethicone or a combination of simethicone with loperamide hydrochloride. Both active ingredients present major technological challenges, as simethicone is a liquid, oily substance, and loperamide hydrochloride was used in a very small amount (0.27% w/w). Despite these difficulties, the use of porous tribasic calcium phosphate as a carrier and the adjustment of the settings of the twin-screw processor enabled the optimization of the characteristics of the liquid-loaded powders and made it possible to efficiently produce liquisolid tablets with advantages in physical and functional properties. The application of chemical imaging by means of Raman spectroscopy allowed for the visualization of differences in the distribution of individual components of the formulations. This proved to be a very effective tool for identifying the optimum technology to produce a drug product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zakowiecki
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany
| | - Margarethe Richter
- Thermo Electron (Karlsruhe) GmbH, Pfannkuchstrasse 10-12, 76185 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ceren Yuece
- Thermo Electron (Karlsruhe) GmbH, Pfannkuchstrasse 10-12, 76185 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Annika Voelp
- Thermo Electron (Karlsruhe) GmbH, Pfannkuchstrasse 10-12, 76185 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Maximilian Ries
- Thermo Fisher Scientific GmbH, Im Steingrund 4-6, 63303 Dreieich, Germany
| | - Markos Papaioannou
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany
| | - Peter Edinger
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Hess
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany
| | - Krystyna Mojsiewicz-Pieńkowska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Cal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
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3
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Ströh J, Hess T, Ohrt L, Fritzsch H, Etter M, Dippel AC, Nyamen LD, Terraschke H. Detailed insights into the formation pathway of CdS and ZnS in solution: a multi-modal in situ characterisation approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:4489-4500. [PMID: 36655628 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02707k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The high stability, high availability, and wide size-dependent bandgap energy of sulphidic semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) render them promising for applications in optoelectronic devices and solar cells. However, the tunability of their optical properties depends on the strict control of their crystal structure and crystallisation process. Herein, we studied the structural evolution during the formation of CdS and ZnS in solution by combining in situ luminescence spectroscopy, synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction (XRD) and pair distribution function (PDF) analyses for the first time. The influence of precursor type, concentration, temperature and heating program on the product formation and on the bandgap or trap emission were investigated in detail. In summary, for CdS, single-source precursor (SSP) polyol strategies using the dichlorobis(thiourea)cadmium(II) complex and double-source precursor approaches combining Cd(CH3COO)2·2H2O and thiourea led to the straightforward product at 100 °C, while the catena((m2-acetato-O,O')-(acetate-O,O')-(m2-thiourea)-cadmium) complex was formed at 25 and 80 °C. For ZnS, the reaction between Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O and thiourea at 100 °C led to the product formation after the crystallisation and dissolution of an unknown intermediate. At 180 °C, besides an unknown phase, the acetato-bis(thiourea)-zinc(II) complex was also detected as a reaction intermediate. The formation of such reaction intermediates, which generally remain undetected applying only ex situ characterisation approaches, reinforce the importance of in situ analysis for promoting the advance on the production of tailored semiconductor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ströh
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - T Hess
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - L Ohrt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - H Fritzsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - M Etter
- DESY Photon Science, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A-C Dippel
- DESY Photon Science, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - L D Nyamen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany. .,Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé I, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - H Terraschke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
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4
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Zakowiecki D, Edinger P, Papaioannou M, Hess T, Kubiak B, Terlecka A. Exploiting synergistic effects of brittle and plastic excipients in directly compressible formulations of Sitagliptin phosphate and Sitagliptin hydrochloride. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:702-713. [PMID: 35913021 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2107013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Direct compression (DC) is the simplest and most economical way to produce pharmaceutical tablets. Ideally, it consists of only two steps: dry blending of a drug substance(s) with excipients followed by compressing the powder mixture into tablets. In this study, immediate-release film-coated tablets containing either Sitagliptin phosphate or Sitagliptin hydrochloride were developed using DC technique.After establishing the optimum ratio of ductile and brittle excipients, five formulations were compressed into tablets using a rotary press and finally film coated. Both powders and tablets were examined by standard pharmacopoeial methods. It has been shown that the simultaneous use of excipients with different physical properties, i.e., ductile microcrystalline cellulose and brittle anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, produces a synergistic effect, allowing preparation of Sitagliptin DC tablets with good mechanical strength (tensile strength over 2 N/mm2), rapid disintegration (shorter than 2 min), and fast release of the drug substance (85% of the drug is dissolved within 15 minutes). It was found that the type of calcium phosphate excipient used had a large effect on the properties of the sitagliptin tablets. All formulations developed showed good chemical stability, even when stored under stress conditions (50 °C/80% RH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zakowiecki
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany
| | - Peter Edinger
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany
| | - Markos Papaioannou
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Hess
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany
| | - Bartlomiej Kubiak
- Adamed Pharma S.A., Pienkow, ul. Mariana Adamkiewicza 6A, 05-152 Czosnow, Poland
| | - Anna Terlecka
- Adamed Pharma S.A., Pienkow, ul. Mariana Adamkiewicza 6A, 05-152 Czosnow, Poland
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5
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Zakowiecki D, Hess T, Cal K, Mikolaszek B, Garbacz G, Haznar-Garbacz D. Directly compressible formulation of immediate release rosuvastatin calcium tablets stabilized with tribasic calcium phosphate. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:425-434. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2073370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tobias Hess
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Budenheim, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Cal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Barbara Mikolaszek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Garbacz
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o, Wroclaw, Poland
- Physiolution GmbH, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dorota Haznar-Garbacz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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6
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Wagner M, Hess T, Zakowiecki D. Studies on the pH-dependent solubility of various grades of calcium phosphate-based pharmaceutical excipients. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:1749-1760. [PMID: 34890630 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate-based pharmaceutical excipients, including calcium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous and dihydrate, calcium hydroxide phosphate have been well established in pharmaceutical technology for a very long time. Nowadays, they are of increasing interest to the pharmaceutical industry because, in addition to their advanced functional properties, they offer beneficial biocompatible and biodegradable properties. Yet, there is limited availability of embracing information regarding the solubility of these popular excipients, especially in variable pH conditions, reflecting those of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The study has shown that the solubility of calcium phosphates as well as their dissolution rate decreases significantly with increasing pH of dissolution fluids. The highest solubility was observed for dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, the lowest for tribasic calcium phosphate. This article provides also a comparison of various calcium phosphate types originating from different manufacturers, which may prove to be useful and help formulation scientists to design new medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wagner
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Hess
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Zakowiecki
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany.
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7
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Stüssel LG, Hollstein R, Laugsch M, Hochfeld LM, Welzenbach J, Schröder J, Thieme F, Ishorst N, Romero RO, Weinhold L, Hess T, Gehlen J, Mostowska A, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Mangold E, Rada-Iglesias A, Knapp M, Schaaf CP, Ludwig KU. MiRNA-149 as a Candidate for Facial Clefting and Neural Crest Cell Migration. J Dent Res 2021; 101:323-330. [PMID: 34528480 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211038203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate (nsCL/P) ranks among the most common human birth defects and has a multifactorial etiology. Human neural crest cells (hNCC) make a substantial contribution to the formation of facial bone and cartilage and are a key cell type in terms of nsCL/P etiology. Based on increasing evidence for the role of noncoding regulatory mechanisms in nsCL/P, we investigated the role of hNCC-expressed microRNAs (miRNA) in cleft development. First, we conducted a systematic analysis of miRNAs expressed in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hNCC using Affymetrix microarrays on cell lines established from 4 unaffected donors. These analyses identified 152 candidate miRNAs. Based on the hypothesis that candidate miRNA loci harbor genetic variation associated with nsCL/P risk, the genomic locations of these candidates were cross-referenced with data from a previous genome-wide association study of nsCL/P. Associated variants were reanalyzed in independent nsCL/P study populations. Jointly, the results suggest that miR-149 is implicated in nsCL/P etiology. Second, functional follow-up included in vitro overexpression and inhibition of miR-149 in hNCC and subsequent analyses at the molecular and phenotypic level. Using 3'RNA-Seq, we identified 604 differentially expressed (DE) genes in hNCC overexpressing miR-149 compared with untreated cells. These included TLR4 and JUNB, which are established targets of miR-149, and NOG, BMP4, and PAX6, which are reported nsCL/P candidate genes. Pathway analyses revealed that DE genes were enriched in pathways including regulation of cartilage development and NCC differentiation. At the cellular level, distinct hNCC migration patterns were observed in response to miR-149 overexpression. Our data suggest that miR-149 is involved in the etiology of nsCL/P via its role in hNCC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Stüssel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - R Hollstein
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Laugsch
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, CMMC, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - L M Hochfeld
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Welzenbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Schröder
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - F Thieme
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - N Ishorst
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - R Olmos Romero
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, CMMC, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - L Weinhold
- Institute of Medical Biometry Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - T Hess
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - J Gehlen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - A Mostowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - S Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - E Mangold
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Rada-Iglesias
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - M Knapp
- Institute of Medical Biometry Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - C P Schaaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, CMMC, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - K U Ludwig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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8
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Zakowiecki D, Frankiewicz M, Hess T, Cal K, Gajda M, Dabrowska J, Kubiak B, Paszkowska J, Wiater M, Hoc D, Garbacz G, Haznar-Garbacz D. Development of a Biphasic-Release Multiple-Unit Pellet System with Diclofenac Sodium Using Novel Calcium Phosphate-Based Starter Pellets. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060805. [PMID: 34071381 PMCID: PMC8228657 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel calcium phosphate-based starter pellets were used to develop a biphasic-release multiple-unit pellet system (MUPS) with diclofenac sodium as a model drug in the form of hard gelatin capsules. For comparative purposes, corresponding formulations based on the inert cores made of microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose and isomalt were prepared. The developed system consisted of two types of drug-layered pellets attaining different release patterns: delayed-release (enteric-coated) and extended-release. Dissolution characteristics were examined using both compendial and biorelevant methods, which reflected fed and fasting conditions. The results were collated with an equivalent commercial product but prepared with the direct pelletization technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zakowiecki
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maja Frankiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland; (M.F.); (K.C.)
| | - Tobias Hess
- Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, Germany;
| | - Krzysztof Cal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland; (M.F.); (K.C.)
| | - Maciej Gajda
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.G.); (D.H.-G.)
- Adamed Pharma S.A., Pienkow, ul. Mariana Adamkiewicza 6A, 05-152 Czosnow, Poland; (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - Justyna Dabrowska
- Adamed Pharma S.A., Pienkow, ul. Mariana Adamkiewicza 6A, 05-152 Czosnow, Poland; (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - Bartlomiej Kubiak
- Adamed Pharma S.A., Pienkow, ul. Mariana Adamkiewicza 6A, 05-152 Czosnow, Poland; (J.D.); (B.K.)
| | - Jadwiga Paszkowska
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o., Skarbowcow 81/7, 53-025 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (D.H.); (G.G.)
| | - Marcela Wiater
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o., Skarbowcow 81/7, 53-025 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (D.H.); (G.G.)
| | - Dagmara Hoc
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o., Skarbowcow 81/7, 53-025 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (D.H.); (G.G.)
| | - Grzegorz Garbacz
- Physiolution Polska sp. z o.o., Skarbowcow 81/7, 53-025 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (D.H.); (G.G.)
- Physiolution GmbH, Walther-Rathenau-Strasse 49a, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dorota Haznar-Garbacz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.G.); (D.H.-G.)
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9
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Maier LM, Hess T, Kaube A, Corhan P, Fitger A, Bachmann N, Schäfer-Welsen O, Wöllenstein J, Bartholomé K. Method to characterize a thermal diode in saturated steam atmosphere. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:065104. [PMID: 32611029 DOI: 10.1063/5.0006602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel measurement method for the characterization of thermal diodes in a saturated steam atmosphere. A measuring setup has been developed in which two pressure sensors are integrated. Using a developed analytical model, the heat flow, the volume flow, and the cracking pressure are determined from the measured absolute pressures and the pressure difference. The analytical model was verified using a flow through an orifice. We first calculated the volume flow through the orifice, with a diameter of 3 mm, using the Reader-Harris equation and then compared it to experimentally determined values. The experimentally determined values showed a discrepancy of 9%. With the measurement setup, we have characterized a check valve developed for magnetocaloric heat pumps, which has a thermally rectifying behavior. The developed check valve consists of three spring arms, which are radially attached to a valve disk. The heat flow through the check valve in the forward direction is 166 W for water, 239 W for ethanol, and 547 W for methanol at a temperature difference of 1 K. In the reverse direction, the heat flow is -0.03 W at a temperature difference of -1 K. For methanol, this corresponds to a rectification coefficient of more than 18 000.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Maier
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Thermal Energy Converters, Heidenhofstr. 8, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - T Hess
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Thermal Energy Converters, Heidenhofstr. 8, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Kaube
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Thermal Energy Converters, Heidenhofstr. 8, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - P Corhan
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Thermal Energy Converters, Heidenhofstr. 8, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Fitger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Thermal Energy Converters, Heidenhofstr. 8, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - N Bachmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Thermal Energy Converters, Heidenhofstr. 8, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - O Schäfer-Welsen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Thermal Energy Converters, Heidenhofstr. 8, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Wöllenstein
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Thermal Energy Converters, Heidenhofstr. 8, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - K Bartholomé
- Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM, Thermal Energy Converters, Heidenhofstr. 8, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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10
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Vaishnav E, Pham D, Hess T, Baber A, Fiedler A, Smith J, Dhingra R. Impact of Induction Therapy in Cardiac Transplant Patients in the Current Era. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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11
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Sapkota S, Baig S, Hess T, O'Connell AM, Menk J, Shyne M, Fazeli P, Ensrud K, Shmagel A. Vitamin D and bisphosphonate therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus patients who receive glucocorticoids: are we offering the best care? Lupus 2020; 29:263-272. [PMID: 31996109 DOI: 10.1177/0961203320903086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate management practices for glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients using 2017 American College of Rheumatology guidelines as a gold standard. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a clinical database from the years 2011 to 2016. SLE cases with >90 days continuous prednisone use at doses of ≥7.51 mg daily were identified. Osteoporosis risk factors were assessed via chart review. The Fracture Risk Assessment (FRAX) score was estimated for patients > 40 years of age. Vitamin D, bisphosphonate prescriptions, and osteoporotic (OP) fractures were ascertained through chart review. A classification tree was used to identify the key patient-related predictors of bisphosphonate prescription. RESULTS A total of 203 SLE patients met the inclusion criteria. The recommended dose of vitamin D supplement was prescribed to 58.9% of patients < 40 years of age and 61.5% of patients ≥ 40 years of age. Among patients aged ≥ 40 years, 25% were prescribed bisphosphonates compared to 36% who met indications for bisphosphonates per the ACR guidelines. Another 10% were prescribed a bisphosphonate, despite not having indication per the ACR guidelines, which was considered as overtreatment. Among patients aged ≥ 40 years, older age and a higher FRAX score for major OP fracture and hip fracture predicted bisphosphonate prescription. In a classification tree analysis, patients with FRAX scores (for major OP fracture) of ≥ 23.5% predicted bisphosphonate prescription in this SLE population. Among patients who had OP fractures in the follow-up period, nine (6.50%) were inpatients receiving appropriate GIOP care versus 12 (13.6%) who were inpatients not receiving ACR-appropriate care (p = 0.098). CONCLUSIONS In clinical practice, fewer SLE patients with or at risk for GIOP are prescribed vitamin D and bisphosphonates than recommended by the 2017 ACR guidelines. Also, in this study, another 10% were prescribed a bisphosphonate, despite not having an indication per the ACR guidelines. Patients were most likely to receive a bisphosphonate prescription if they had a major OP FRAX score of > 23.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sapkota
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - S Baig
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - T Hess
- University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | | | - J Menk
- Biostatistical Design and Analysis Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - M Shyne
- Biostatistical Design and Analysis Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - P Fazeli
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.,Division of Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - K Ensrud
- Department of Medicine and Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.,Center for Care Delivery and Outcome Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, USA
| | - A Shmagel
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.,Division of Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
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Schaffert R, Dahinden U, Hess T, Bänziger A, Kuntschik P, Odoni F, Spörri P, Strebel RT, Kamradt J, Tenti G, Mattei A, Müntener M, Subotic S, Schmid HP, Rüesch P. [Evaluation of a prostate cancer E‑health tutorial : Development and testing of the website prostata-information.ch]. Urologe A 2019; 57:164-171. [PMID: 29209755 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-017-0552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the multitude of therapy options, the treatment decision after diagnosis of localized prostate cancer is challenging. Compared to printed booklets, web-based information technology offers more possibilities to tailor information to patients' individual needs. OBJECTIVES To support the decision-making process as well as the communication with patients, we developed an online tutorial in a systematic process in the German-speaking part of Switzerland and then tested it in a pilot study. The study investigated users' satisfaction, the coverage of information needs, the preparation for decision making, and the subjective quality of the decision. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on already existing information material, the online tutorial was developed in an iterative process using focus groups with patients and urologists. For the following evaluation in eight clinics a total of 87 patients were invited to access the platform and participate in the study. Of these patients, 56 used the tutorial and 48 answered both surveys (the first one 4 weeks after the first login and the second one 3 months after treatment decision). The surveys used the Preparation for Decision Making Scale (PDMS), the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS), and the Decisional Regret Scale (DRS). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Satisfaction with the tutorial is very high among patients with newly diagnosed localized prostate cancer. Users find their information needs sufficiently covered. Three months after the decision they felt that they were well prepared for the decision making (mean PDMS 75, standard deviation [SD] 23), they had low decisional conflict (mean DCS 9.6, SD 11), and almost no decisional regret (mean DRS 6.4, SD 9.6). Based on these findings, further use of the tutorial can be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schaffert
- Institut für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Departement Gesundheit, Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften, Technikumstraße 81, 8401, Winterthur, Schweiz.
| | - U Dahinden
- Departement für Angewandte Zukunftstechnologien, HTW Chur, Chur, Schweiz
| | - T Hess
- Departement für Angewandte Zukunftstechnologien, HTW Chur, Chur, Schweiz
| | - A Bänziger
- Institut für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Departement Gesundheit, Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften, Technikumstraße 81, 8401, Winterthur, Schweiz
| | - P Kuntschik
- Departement für Angewandte Zukunftstechnologien, HTW Chur, Chur, Schweiz
| | - F Odoni
- Departement für Angewandte Zukunftstechnologien, HTW Chur, Chur, Schweiz
| | - P Spörri
- Urologisches Kompetenzzentrum soH, Kantonsspital Olten, Olten, Schweiz
| | - R T Strebel
- Urologie, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Schweiz
| | - J Kamradt
- Zentrum für Urologie und Nephrologie Bern, Bern, Schweiz
| | - G Tenti
- Urologische Klinik, Kantonsspital Münsterlingen, Münsterlingen, Schweiz
| | - A Mattei
- Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Schweiz
| | - M Müntener
- Urologische Klinik, , Stadtspital Triemli Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz
| | - S Subotic
- Urologische Universitätsklinik Basel, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Schweiz
| | - H-P Schmid
- Klinik für Urologie, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Schweiz
| | - P Rüesch
- Institut für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Departement Gesundheit, Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften, Technikumstraße 81, 8401, Winterthur, Schweiz
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Zakowiecki D, Hess T, Banach G, Paszkowska J, Garbacz G. Effect of intra- and extragranular addition of highly porous tribasic calcium phosphate on properties of immediate release acyclovir formulation – Comparison with commercial tablets using compendial and biorelevant dissolution methods. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Dharmavaram N, Kipp R, Hess T, Dhingra R. ICD Therapy in LVAD: Rates and Predictors of Appropriate and Inappropriate Shock. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Kuchnia A, Lortie J, Stabo N, Tsuchiya N, Hess T, Binkley N, Francois C, Schiebler M, Hermsen J, Dhingra R. Can CT Measures of Thoracic Muscle Provide Prognostication among Heart Transplant Recipients? J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Beck P, Weiss C, Hubbell D, Hess T, Kegley E, Jennings J, Gadberry S. 426 Economics of replacing N fertilization with legumes in bermudagrass pastures for growing beef steers in the Southeastern USA. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Beck
- University of Arkansas Southwest Research & Extension Center,Hope, AR, United States
| | - C Weiss
- University of Arkansas Department of Animal Science,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - D Hubbell
- University of Arkansas Livestock and Forestry Research Station,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - T Hess
- University of Arkansas Livestock and Forestry Research Station,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - E Kegley
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - J Jennings
- University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - S Gadberry
- University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service, Little Rock, AR, United States
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Growney C, Hess T. OLDER ADULTS’ INTEREST IN NEGATIVE HEALTH-RELATED INFORMATION: THE INFLUENCE OF MOOD VS. RELEVANT SELF-PERCEPTIONS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - T Hess
- North Carolina State University
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Lothary A, Growney C, Hess T. LONGITUDINAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COGNITIVE COSTS AND NEED FOR COGNITION. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T Hess
- North Carolina State University
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Pinyan E, Hess T. HEALTH COMMUNICATION EFFECTIVENESS: INTERACTIONS BETWEEN AGE, HEALTH RISK, AND MESSAGE FRAMING. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - T Hess
- North Carolina State University
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Beck PA, Weiss CP, Hess T, Hubbell DS. 66 Effect of Tillage System and Planting Date on Wheat Forage Production and Performance of Grazing Steers. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky027.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P A Beck
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture SWREC, Hope, AR
| | - C P Weiss
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Department of Animal Science, Fayetteville, AR
| | - T Hess
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Livestock and Forestry Research Station, Batesville, AR
| | - D S Hubbell
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Livestock and Forestry Research Station, Batesville, AR
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Weiss CP, Beck PA, Crook TS, Gadberry S, Hess T, Hubbell DS. 65 Effect of Monensin Level on Mineral Intake and Performance of Grazing Steers. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky027.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C P Weiss
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Department of Animal Science, Fayetteville, AR
| | - P A Beck
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture SWREC, Hope, AR
| | - T S Crook
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Department of Animal Science, Fayetteville, AR
| | - S Gadberry
- University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Little Rock, AR
| | - T Hess
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Livestock and Forestry Research Station, Batesville, AR
| | - D S Hubbell
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Livestock and Forestry Research Station, Batesville, AR
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Beck PA, Sims MB, Kegley EB, Hubbell D, Hess T, Galyen W, Butler TJ, Rogers JK, Jennings J. Grazing management of mixed alfalfa bermudagrass pastures. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:4421-4429. [PMID: 29108051 DOI: 10.2527/jas2017.1856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotational grazing management is commonly recommended to improve persistence of legumes interseeded into bermudagrass, but impacts on animal performance are poorly understood. Steers (n = 365, BW = 249 ± 22.9 kg) grazed mixed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)/bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) pastures (n = 10; 1.6-ha) with either continuous grazing (CONT) or rotational grazing (ROT) management over 3 yr. Initial stocking rate was set at 6.25 steers/ha. When forage allowance of CONT became limiting in mid-July each year, 2 randomly selected steers were removed from all pastures to maintain equal stocking rates in CONT and ROT. Rotational grazing pastures were divided into 8 paddocks with 3-d grazing and 21-d rest between grazing events. Initial, final, and interim (28-d) BW were collected following a 16-h removal from feed and water. Data were analyzed as a repeated measures experiment with completely random design using the mixed procedure of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC) using pasture within treatment by year in the random statement. Across years, steer BW did not differ (P ≥ 0.47) at the midpoint or end of the grazing season. Daily BW gains during the early summer period tended (P = 0.10) to be 0.11 kg greater for CONT than ROT in yr 1, but did not differ (P ≥ 0.24) in yr 2 and 3. In the late summer, ADG was 0.15 kg less (P < 0.01) for CONT than ROT in yr 1, were not different (P = 0.23) in yr 2, and were 0.29 kg less (P < 0.01) for CONT than ROT in yr 3. Over the entire experimental period, ADG did not differ (P ≥ 0.67) in yr 1 or 2, but tended (P = 0.09) to be 0.10 kg greater for ROT than CONT in yr 3. Forage mass of ROT was greater (P < 0.01) than CONT throughout the grazing season. Because stocking rates were maintained at the same level, ROT pastures provided greater (P < 0.01) forage allowance during the grazing season than CONT explaining differences in ADG between treatments. Alfalfa stand percentage did not differ (P = 0.79) at the beginning of the experiment, but was less (P ≤ 0.03) for CONT than ROT at all other sampling dates. These data indicate that at equal stocking rates, ROT can maintain greater alfalfa persistence, forage nutritive quality, and forage allowance compared with continuous grazing and provided increased animal performance during the late summer when the alfalfa stand was reduced in CONT pastures.
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Diaz J, Gadberry S, Richeson JT, Beck PA, Hufstedler D, Hubbell DS, Tucker JD, Hess T. 271 Effect of enhanced management on behavior of calves grazing tall fescue of varied toxicity levels. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Beck P, Hess T, Hubbell D, Gadberry MS, Jennings J, Sims M. Replacing synthetic N with clovers or alfalfa in bermudagrass pastures. 2. Herbage nutritive value for growing beef steers. Anim Prod Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an15046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of including alfalfa (ALF, Medicago sativa L.) or a combination of white (Trifolium repens L.) and red (Trifolium pretense L.) clovers (CLVR) inter-seeded into bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.) on herbage nutritive value compared with monocultures of bermudagrass fertilised with 0 (0N), 56 (56N), or 112 (112N) kg nitrogen (N)/ha over four grazing seasons. At the end of the fourth year (during the winter), legume plants in ALF and CLVR were killed and the carryover N benefit on bermudagrass nutritive value was evaluated during the fifth year. Pre-grazing herbage of all pastures exceeded the dietary recommendations for growing steers to maintain 0.9 kg/day average daily liveweight gain for crude protein and total digestible nutrients, 118 and 617 g kg/DM, respectively. Post-grazing herbage in ALF was below 600 g/kg total digestible nutrients at all times during the grazing season, post-grazing total digestible nutrients of CLVR was below 600 g/kg during the late summer and autumn. Post-grazing herbage of monoculture bermudagrass pastures fell below 600 g/kg in the middle of summer regardless of N fertilisation. Carryover N benefits of legumes were similar to 112N in the early summer, but were not different than 0N and 56N during the late summer and autumn. Replacing applications of synthetic N in bermudagrass swards with inter-seeding of either clovers or alfalfa produce herbage with equivalent nutritive value to heavily N fertilised monocultures of bermudagrass during the early summer, and similar to moderately N fertilised in the late summer and autumn. The inclusion of legumes in bermudagrass swards can reduce the reliance on synthetic N fertilisation with little overall effect on herbage nutritive quality possibly decreasing environmental impacts of grazing production systems.
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Beck P, Hess T, Hubbell D, Jennings J, Gadberry MS, Sims M. Replacing synthetic N with clovers or alfalfa in bermudagrass pastures. 3. Performance of growing steers. Anim Prod Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an15047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of steers (n = 590, 263 ± 30.6 kg) grazing alfalfa (ALF, Medicago sativa L.) or a combination of white (Trifolium repens L.) and red (Trifolium pretense L.) clovers (CLVR) inter-seeded into bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.) pastures compared with fertilisation with 0 (0N), 56 (56N), or 112 (112N) kg nitrogen (N)/ha (n = 4, 0.8-ha pastures per treatment) in north-east Arkansas (USA) over 4 years. The carryover N benefit of CLVR or ALF was compared with N fertilisation rates during the fifth year on performance of growing steers (n = 120; 235 ± 22.6 kg). Average daily gain increased with N application rate and legume pastures were similar to 56N; but liveweight gain per steer grazing legume pastures tended to be greater than 112N. Steer grazing days per hectare and liveweight gain per hectare were greater for ALF and CLVR than bermudagrass monocultures regardless of N fertilisation rate. Steer average daily gain, grazing days per hectare and liveweight gain per hectare for carryover N from legumes did not differ from 56N. These results indicate that replacing synthetic N by inter-seeding legumes into bermudagrass swards has the potential to improve individual animal performance and production per unit area and carryover benefits of legume N may be equivalent to 56 kg N/ha.
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Beck P, Hess T, Hubbell D, Gadberry MS, Jennings J, Sims M. Replacing synthetic N with clovers or alfalfa in bermudagrass pastures. 1. Herbage mass and pasture carrying capacity. Anim Prod Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an15045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of including alfalfa (ALF, Medicago sativa L.) or a combination of white (Trifolium repens L.) and red (Trifolium pretense L.) clovers (CLVR) inter-seeded into bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.) on herbage nutritive value compared with monocultures of bermudagrass fertilised with 0 (0N), 56 (56N), or 112 (112N) kg nitrogen (N)/ha over four grazing seasons. In autumn, at the end of the fourth year and in the spring before the fifth grazing season, alfalfa and clover plants were killed and the carryover N benefit of CLVR or ALF was compared with N fertilisation rates during the fifth year. Across years, N fertilisation rate increased herbage mass and carrying capacity linearly; whereas herbage production from CLVR and ALF swards was equivalent to 56N, were greater than 0N and less than 112N. Herbage mass in CLVR and ALF swards was greater than fertilised bermudagrass swards in the spring and did not differ from fertilised bermudagrass in the early summer. In late summer herbage accumulation of CLVR and ALF swards appeared to decrease, limiting the herbage mass in the legume pastures compared with 56N and 112N. Carrying capacity of CLVR and ALF swards was greater than fertilised bermudagrass in the spring and early summer, but did not differ from fertilised swards in the late summer. The N benefit of including legumes in bermudagrass swards can alleviate the reliance on synthetic N fertilisation with little overall effect on pasture carrying capacity.
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Diaz J, Gadberry MS, Beck PA, Hufstedler GD, Hubbell DS, Tucker JD, Hess T. 056 Response of Growing Cattle to a Cumulative Management Strategy Including an Implant, Ionophore, and Byproduct Feed Supplementation While Grazing Tall Fescue Pastures with Varying Toxicity. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/ssasas2017.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Beck PA, Galyen W, Hess T, Hubbell DS. 0663 Effect of tillage and planting date of wheat pasture on forage production and calf performance. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Galyen WL, Beck P, Kegley EB, Powell JG, Gadberry MS, Hess T, Hubbell DS. 057 Effects of bambermycin or monensin on performance of growing steers grazing wheat pasture. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/ssasas2015-057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Konturek PC, Haziri D, Brzozowski T, Hess T, Heyman S, Kwiecien S, Konturek SJ, Koziel J. Emerging role of fecal microbiota therapy in the treatment of gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 66:483-491. [PMID: 26348073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the recent decade our understanding of the role of the human gut microbiome has been revolutionized by advances in development of molecular methods. Approximately, up to 100 trillion (10(14)) microorganisms per human body colonize the intestinal tract making an additional acquired organ that provides many vital functions to the host. A healthy gut microbiome can be defined by the presence of the various classes of microbes that enhance metabolism, resistance to infection and inflammation, prevention against cancer and autoimmunity and that positively influence so called braingut axis. Diet represents one of the most important driving forces that besides environmental and genetic factors, can define and influence the microbial composition of the gut. Aging process due to different changes in gut physiology (i.e. gastric hypochlorhydria, motility disorders, use of drugs, degenerative changes in enteric nervous system) has a profound effect on the composition, diversity and functional features of gut microbiota. A perturbed aged gut microbiome has been associated with the increasing number of gastrointestinal (e.g. Clostridium difficile infection - CDI) and non-gastrointestinal diseases (metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis etc.). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a highly effective method in the treatment of refractory CDI. FMT is the term used when stool is taken from a healthy individual and instilled during endoscopy (colonoscopy or enteroscopy) into a gut of the sick person to cure certain disease. FMT represents an effective therapy in patient with recurrent CDI and the effectiveness of FMT in the prevention of CDI recurrence had reached approx. 90%. There is also an increasing evidence that the manipulation of gut microbiota by FMT represents a promising therapeutic method in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. There is also an increased interest in the role of FMT for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and obesity which collectively present the greatest health challenge in the developed world nowadays. Targeting of gut microbiota by FMT represents an exciting new frontier in the prevention and management of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal diseases that awaits further studies in preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Konturek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thuringia-Clinic, Teaching Hospital of the University of Jena, Saalfeld, Germany.
| | - D Haziri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thuringia-Clinic, Teaching Hospital of the University of Jena, Saalfeld, Germany
| | - T Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow, Poland
| | - T Hess
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thuringia-Clinic, Teaching Hospital of the University of Jena, Saalfeld, Germany
| | - S Heyman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thuringia-Clinic, Teaching Hospital of the University of Jena, Saalfeld, Germany
| | - S Kwiecien
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow, Poland
| | - S J Konturek
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow, Poland
| | - J Koziel
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
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Garde A, Giraldo BF, Jané R, Latshang TD, Turk AJ, Hess T, Bosch MM, Barthelmes D, Merz TM, Hefti JP, Schoch OD, Bloch KE. Time-varying signal analysis to detect high-altitude periodic breathing in climbers ascending to extreme altitude. Med Biol Eng Comput 2015; 53:699-712. [PMID: 25820153 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-015-1275-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This work investigates the performance of cardiorespiratory analysis detecting periodic breathing (PB) in chest wall recordings in mountaineers climbing to extreme altitude. The breathing patterns of 34 mountaineers were monitored unobtrusively by inductance plethysmography, ECG and pulse oximetry using a portable recorder during climbs at altitudes between 4497 and 7546 m on Mt. Muztagh Ata. The minute ventilation (VE) and heart rate (HR) signals were studied, to identify visually scored PB, applying time-varying spectral, coherence and entropy analysis. In 411 climbing periods, 30-120 min in duration, high values of mean power (MP(VE)) and slope (MSlope(VE)) of the modulation frequency band of VE, accurately identified PB, with an area under the ROC curve of 88 and 89%, respectively. Prolonged stay at altitude was associated with an increase in PB. During PB episodes, higher peak power of ventilatory (MP(VE)) and cardiac (MP(LF)(HR) ) oscillations and cardiorespiratory coherence (MP(LF)(Coher)), but reduced ventilation entropy (SampEn(VE)), was observed. Therefore, the characterization of cardiorespiratory dynamics by the analysis of VE and HR signals accurately identifies PB and effects of altitude acclimatization, providing promising tools for investigating physiologic effects of environmental exposures and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Garde
- Biomedical Signal Processing and Interpretation (BIOSPIN) Group, Department of ESAII, Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) and CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), C/Baldiri Reixac, 4, 08028, Barcelona, Spain,
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Konturek PC, Hess T. [Stool transplantation - gut bacteria as a novel therapeutic option]. MMW Fortschr Med 2015; 157:61-3. [PMID: 25743672 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-015-2703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Konturek
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Thüringen-Kliniken "Georgius Agricola" GmbH, Rainweg 68, D-07318, Saalfeld, Deutschland,
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Kohl Schwartz AS, Charpidou T, Geraedts K, Wölfler M, Hess T, Leeners B. Dyspareunia in women with endometriosis – What characterizes women with dyspareunia and endometriosis? Is there an association with specific anatomical lesions? Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1387973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Jindai K, Strerath MS, Hess T, Safdar N. Is a single positive blood culture for Enterococcus species representative of infection or contamination? Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33:1995-2003. [PMID: 25027071 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Data on the clinical outcomes of patients with a single compared with multiple positive blood cultures for Enterococcus species is limited. We undertook a retrospective cohort study in adults with at least one positive blood culture for Enterococcus species in a single institution. Clinical outcomes included death and elimination of infection. We included 471 positive blood cultures from 206 enterococcal positive blood culture episodes in 189 patients. Multiple positive blood cultures for Enterococcus species occurred in 110/206 (53.4 %) episodes; 31.6 % of patients had diabetes mellitus; 42.9 % of patients had solid or hematologic malignancy; 26.5 % of patients were solid organ transplant recipients; hospital-acquired and healthcare-associated acquisition represented 55.3 % and 33.0 % of episodes, respectively. Thirty-five patients died and 110 episodes of enterococcal bloodstream infection were successfully treated. In the multivariable analysis, multiple positive blood cultures were not statistically significantly associated with an increased likelihood of in-hospital death [odds ratio (OR) 1.00, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.42-2.40] or elimination (OR 1.41, 95 % CI 0.76-2.64) compared with single positive blood cultures. Hematologic malignancy and diabetes mellitus were independently associated with in-hospital death (OR 2.83, 95 % Cl 1.02-7.82; OR 2.79, 95 % Cl 1.16-6.70, respectively). Infectious disease consultation was associated with a greater likelihood of elimination (OR 2.50, 95 % Cl 1.32-4.72). The clinical outcomes of patients with single versus multiple positive blood cultures with Enterococcus species were similar in our institution. Further studies should examine efficient methods to detect contamination versus true infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jindai
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
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Beck P, Hess T, Hubbell D, Hufstedler GD, Fieser B, Caldwell J. Additive effects of growth promoting technologies on performance of grazing steers and economics of the wheat pasture enterprise. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:1219-27. [PMID: 24492552 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-7203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was designed to evaluate the effect of monensin (Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN) supplementation via mineral or pressed protein block with or without a growth-promoting implant on performance of steers grazing wheat pasture in Arkansas over 2 yr. Preconditioned steers (n = 360, BW = 238 ± 5.1 kg) grazed 15 1.6-ha wheat pastures in the fall (n = 60 steers each fall, stocking rate of 2.5 steers/ha) or 30 0.8-ha wheat pastures in the spring (n = 120 steers each spring, stocking rate of 5 steers/ha). Steers in each pasture were given free-choice access to nonmedicated mineral (CNTRL; MoorMan's WeatherMaster Range Minerals A 646AAA; ADM Alliance Nutrition, Inc., Quincy, IL), or were supplemented with monensin (Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN) via mineral containing 1.78 g monensin/kg (RMIN; MoorMan's Grower Mineral RU-1620 590AR; ADM Alliance Nutrition, Inc.), or pressed protein block containing 0.33 g monensin/kg (RBLCK; MoorMan's Mintrate Blonde Block RU; ADM Alliance Nutrition, Inc.). Additionally, one-half of the steers in each pasture were implanted (IMPL) with 40 mg trenbolone acetate and 8 mg estradiol (Component TE-G with Tylan; Elanco Animal Health). There was no interaction (P ≥ 0.71) between supplement treatment and growth-promoting implants, and ADG for RMIN and RBLCK were increased (P < 0.01) over CNTRL by 0.07 to 0.09 kg/d, respectively. Implanting steers with Component TE-G increased (P < 0.01) ADG by 0.14 kg/d. The combination of these growth-promoting technologies are a cost-effective means of increasing beef production by 22% without increasing level of supplementation or pasture acreage. Utilizing ionophores and implants together for wheat pasture stocker cattle decreased cost of gain by 26%. Utilizing both IMPL and monensin increased net return by $30 to $54/steer for RMIN or $18 to $43/steer for RBLCK compared with UNIMPL CNTRL at Low and High values of BW gain, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Beck
- Southwest Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas, 362 Hwy 174 N, Hope 71801
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Garde A, Giraldo BF, Jane R, Latshang TD, Turk AJ, Hess T, Bosch MM, Barthelmes D, Hefti JP, Maggiorini M, Hefti U, Merz TM, Schoch OD, Bloch KE. Periodic breathing during ascent to extreme altitude quantified by spectral analysis of the respiratory volume signal. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2013; 2012:707-10. [PMID: 23365990 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6346029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
High altitude periodic breathing (PB) shares some common pathophysiologic aspects with sleep apnea, Cheyne-Stokes respiration and PB in heart failure patients. Methods that allow quantifying instabilities of respiratory control provide valuable insights in physiologic mechanisms and help to identify therapeutic targets. Under the hypothesis that high altitude PB appears even during physical activity and can be identified in comparison to visual analysis in conditions of low SNR, this study aims to identify PB by characterizing the respiratory pattern through the respiratory volume signal. A number of spectral parameters are extracted from the power spectral density (PSD) of the volume signal, derived from respiratory inductive plethysmography and evaluated through a linear discriminant analysis. A dataset of 34 healthy mountaineers ascending to Mt. Muztagh Ata, China (7,546 m) visually labeled as PB and non periodic breathing (nPB) is analyzed. All climbing periods within all the ascents are considered (total climbing periods: 371 nPB and 40 PB). The best crossvalidated result classifying PB and nPB is obtained with Pm (power of the modulation frequency band) and R (ratio between modulation and respiration power) with an accuracy of 80.3% and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 84.5%. Comparing the subjects from 1(st) and 2(nd) ascents (at the same altitudes but the latter more acclimatized) the effect of acclimatization is evaluated. SaO(2) and periodic breathing cycles significantly increased with acclimatization (p-value < 0.05). Higher Pm and higher respiratory frequencies are observed at lower SaO(2), through a significant negative correlation (p-value < 0.01). Higher Pm is observed at climbing periods visually labeled as PB with > 5 periodic breathing cycles through a significant positive correlation (p-value < 0.01). Our data demonstrate that quantification of the respiratory volume signal using spectral analysis is suitable to identify effects of hypobaric hypoxia on control of breathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Garde
- Dept. of ESAII, Escola Universitaria de Enginyeria Tècnica de Barcelona (EUETIB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain.
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Ross TN, Kisiday JD, Hess T, McIlwraith CW. Evaluation of the inflammatory response in experimentally induced synovitis in the horse: a comparison of recombinant equine interleukin 1 beta and lipopolysaccharide. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2012; 20:1583-90. [PMID: 22917743 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare two transient models of synovitis-osteoarthritis (OA) in horses by characterizing biological changes in synovial fluid and joint tissue. METHOD Twelve skeletally mature mares were utilized in a block design. Synovitis was induced by an intra-articular injection of 100 ng recombinant equine interleukin 1 beta (reIL-1β) or 0.5 ng lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into a middle carpal joint in 1 ml volumes. One ml of saline was injected into the contra-lateral control joint. Lameness evaluations were conducted through post-injection hour (PIH) 8 (at which time arthroscopic removal of synovium and articular biopsies was done), and at PIH 240. Arthrocentesis collection of synovial fluid occurred between PIH 0 and 48. An arthroscopic examination at PIH 8 included synovium and articular cartilage biopsies for gene expression analysis. RESULTS Synovial fluid analysis indicated that single injections of reIL-1β or LPS increased synovial white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil count, total protein, prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) concentrations and general matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity relative to control joints through PIH 8. Injections of either reIL-1β or LPS increased mRNA expression for MMP-1 and a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4 in synovium and for MMP-1, ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5 in articular cartilage collected at PIH 8 compared to saline injections. CONCLUSION Injections of reIL-1β into equine carpal joints resulted in a transient inflammatory response that was similar in severity to the LPS injection, causing increased expression of certain deleterious mediators in joint tissues at 8 h. Given that IL-1β is a known critical mediator of traumatic arthritis and OA, this humane and temporary model may be useful in evaluating therapeutics that act against early stages of joint disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N Ross
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Gail Holmes Equine Orthopaedic Research Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Morgan MS, Beck PA, Hess T, Hubbell DS, Gadberry MS. Effects of establishment method and fall stocking rate of wheat pasture on forage mass, forage chemical composition, and performance of growing steers1. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:3286-93. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Morgan
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville 72701
| | - P. A. Beck
- Southwest Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Hope 71801
| | - T. Hess
- Livestock and Forestry Research Station, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Batesville 72501
| | - D. S. Hubbell
- Livestock and Forestry Research Station, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Batesville 72501
| | - M. S. Gadberry
- University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Little Rock 72204
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Caldwell JD, Coffey KP, Jennings JA, Philipp D, Young AN, Tucker JD, Hubbell DS, Hess T, Looper ML, West CP, Savin MC, Popp MP, Kreider DL, Hallford DM, Rosenkrans CF. Performance by spring and fall-calving cows grazing with full, limited, or no access to toxic Neotyphodium coenophialum-infected tall fescue. J Anim Sci 2012; 91:465-76. [PMID: 22785163 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Replacing toxic, wild-type Neotyphodium coenophialum-infected tall fescue (E+) with nontoxic, N. coenophialum-infected tall fescue (NE+) has improved cow performance, but producer acceptance of NE+ has been slow. The objective was to compare performance by spring- and fall-calving cows grazing either E+ or NE+ at different percentages of the total pasture area. Gelbvieh×Angus crossbred cows (n=178) were stratified by BW and age within calving season and allocated randomly to 1 of 14 groups representing 5 treatments for a 3-yr study: i) Fall-calving on 100% E+ (F100); ii) Spring-calving on 100% E+ (S100); iii) Fall-calving on 75% E+ and 25% NE+ (F75); iv) Spring-calving on 75% E+ and 25% NE+ (S75); and v) Spring-calving on 100% NE+ (SNE100). Groups allocated to F75 and S75 grazed E+ until approximately 28 d before breeding and weaning, then were then moved to their respective NE+ pasture area for 4 to 6 wk; those allocated to F100, S100, and SNE100 grazed their pastures throughout the entire year. Samples of tall fescue were gathered from specific cells within each pasture at the time cows were moved into that particular cell (∼1 sample/mo). Blood samples were collected from the cows at the start and end of the breeding season. Stocking rate for each treatment was 1 cow/ha. Forage IVDMD, CP, and total ergot alkaloid concentrations were affected (P<0.05) by the treatment×sampling date interaction. Hay offered, cow BW, and BCS at breeding, end of breeding, and at weaning were greater (P<0.05) from fall-calving vs. spring-calving. Cow BW at weaning was greater (P<0.05) from F75 and S75 vs. F100 and S100. The calving season×NE+ % interaction affected (P<0.05) calving rates. Preweaning calf BW gain, actual and adjusted weaning BW, ADG, sale price, and calf value at weaning were greater (P<0.05) from fall-calving vs. spring-calving and from SNE100 vs. S75 except for sale price which was greater (P<0.05) from S75 vs. SNE100. Cow concentrations of serum prolactin at breeding and serum NEFA at the end of breeding were affected (P<0.05) by the calving season×NE+ % interaction. Serum Zn and Cu concentrations from cows were affected (P<0.05) by calving season. A fall-calving season may be more desirable for cows grazing E+, resulting in greater calving rates, cow performance, and calf BW at weaning, whereas limited access to NE+ may increase calving rates, serum prolactin, and NEFA concentrations during certain times in the production cycle, particularly in spring-calving cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Caldwell
- Department of Agriculture, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, MO 65101, USA
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Ghorbanian P, Devilbiss DM, Simon AJ, Bernstein A, Hess T, Ashrafiuon H. Discrete wavelet transform EEG features of Alzheimer'S disease in activated states. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2012:2937-2940. [PMID: 23366540 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6346579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, electroencephalogram (EEG) signals obtained by a single-electrode device from 24 subjects - 10 with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 14 age-matched Controls (CN) - were analyzed using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The focus of the study is to determine the discriminating EEG features of AD patients while subjected to cognitive and auditory tasks, since AD is characterized by progressive impairments in cognition and memory. At each recording block, DWT extracts EEG features corresponding to major brain frequency bands. T-test and Kruskal-Wallis methods were used to determine the statistically significant features of EEG signals from AD patients compared to Controls. A decision tree algorithm was then used to identify the dominant features for AD patients. It was determined that the mean value of the low-δ (1 - 2 Hz) frequency band during the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test with 2.0 (s) interval and the mean value of the δ frequency band (12 - 30 Hz) during 6 Hz auditory stimulation have higher mean values in AD patients than Controls. Due to artifacts, the less reliable low-δ features were removed and it was determined that the mean value of β frequency band during 6 Hz auditory stimulation followed by the standard deviation of θ (4 - 8 Hz) frequency band of one card learning cognitive task are higher for AD patients compared to Controls and thus the most dominant discriminating features of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ghorbanian
- Center for Nonlinear Dynamics and Control, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA.
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Latshang TD, Turk AJ, Hess T, Schoch OD, Bosch MM, Barthelmes D, Merz TM, Hefti U, Hefti JP, Maggiorini M, Bloch KE. Acclimatization improves submaximal exercise economy at 5533 m. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2011; 23:458-67. [PMID: 22093058 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01403.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We tested whether the better subjective exercise tolerance perceived by mountaineers after altitude acclimatization relates to enhanced exercise economy. Thirty-two mountaineers performed progressive bicycle exercise to exhaustion at 490 m and twice at 5533 m (days 6-7 and day 11), respectively, during an expedition to Mt. Muztagh Ata. Maximal work rate (W(max)) decreased from mean ± SD 356 ± 73 watts at 490 m to 191 ± 49 watts and 193 ± 45 watts at 5533 m, days 6-7 and day 11, respectively; corresponding maximal oxygen uptakes (VO2max ) were 50.7 ± 9.5, 26.3 ± 5.6, 24.7 ± 7.0 mL/min/kg (P = 0.0001 5533 m vs 490 m). On days 6-7 (5533 m), VO(2) at 75% W(max) (152 ± 37 watts) was 1.75 ± 0.45 L/min, oxygen saturation 68 ± 8%. On day 11 (5533 m), at the same submaximal work rate, VO(2) was lower (1.61 ± 0.47 L/min, P < 0.027) indicating improved net efficiency; oxygen saturation was higher (74 ± 7%, P < 0.0004) but ratios of VO(2) to work rate increments remained unchanged. On day 11, mountaineers climbed faster from 4497 m to 5533 m than on days 5-6 but perceived less effort (visual analog scale 50 ± 15 vs 57 ± 20, P = 0.006) and reduced symptoms of acute mountain sickness. We conclude that the better performance and subjective exercise tolerance after acclimatization were related to regression of acute mountain sickness and improved submaximal exercise economy because of lower metabolic demands for non-external work-performing functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Latshang
- Pulmonary Division, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Schilling J, Abou Hadeed M, Fink D, Hagmann PD, Hess T, Infanger E, Müller M, Wyss P. Evaluation of Swiss guidelines for the indication for hysterectomy in relation to patient outcome. Gynakol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch 2010; 49:315-319. [PMID: 20530947 DOI: 10.1159/000301104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of national guidelines which specify the appropriateness for hysterectomy is believed to lead to improved patient outcomes. However, there was no evidence to support this assumption by outcome data. GOALS To evaluate adherence to guidelines and the validity of the 1997 Swiss guidelines for the appropriateness of hysterectomy based on changes in patients' functional and psychosocial status. METHOD Multicentre study of 370 consecutive cases from 18 public hospitals assessing data on appropriateness and changes in patient status following hysterectomy. Data on appropriateness were obtained before the procedure (n = 286). Changes in patient status following hysterectomy were assessed using an adapted and weighted score. Baseline data were collected up to 8 weeks prior to hysterectomy. Outcome data were obtained 16-32 weeks after surgery (n = 237). Patients for whom appropriateness data were available (n = 286) were categorized into three groups: (1) 214 patients (74.82%) with an indication for hysterectomy, (2) 36 patients (12.58%) classified as having an indication with regard to their preference, and (3) 36 patients (12.58%) classified as not being appropriate for surgery according to national guidelines. RESULTS In 87% the indication for hysterectomy was judged as appropriate according to the guidelines. The status of all three groups of patients after hysterectomy was found to be significantly improved compared to baseline levels. Patients with an appropriate indication tended to profit more from hysterectomy. CONCLUSION The appropriateness rating found may be interpreted as an example of justified use of medical procedural intervention. There was a positive correlation between appropriateness and outcome. The 1997 guidelines still seem to be valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schilling
- University Hospital Zürich, Travel Clinic, Forchstrasse 92, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Wagner S, Kashiwagi M, Rodic B, Prentl E, Wagner S, Hess T. Die Neuritis vestibularis als Differentialdiagnose der Hyperemesis in der Spätschwangerschaft–Zwei Fallberichte. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1089104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Hirzel F, Hess T, Zollikofer C. [Quality control and quality of life after uterine fibroid embolization: long-term results]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 48:84-93. [PMID: 18431048 DOI: 10.1159/000118936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2007] [Accepted: 08/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed in order to evaluate the changes in uterine fibroid symptoms and their impact on the quality of life after uterine fibroid embolization (UFE). The patients source of information about this novel treatment and their reasons for choosing UFE were also studied. Health-related quality of life and the status of uterine fibroid symptoms were assessed in 44 patients before and after treatment using a validated questionnaire. After 33.5 months on average, a significant change in symptoms of -60.4% and a change in health-related quality of life of +74.39% were reported. Over 50% of patients had heard about UFE for the first time through the media, and 62.9% of patients had opted for this form of treatment because it enabled them to keep their uterus; 91.5% of patients would recommend it. UFE is a novel, effective and minimally invasive alternative to more invasive, open or laparascopic treatment procedures in cases of uterine fibroid symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hirzel
- Institut fur Radiologie, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Schweiz.
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Pichler J, Risch L, Hefti U, Merz TM, Turk AJ, Bloch KE, Maggiorini M, Hess T, Barthelmes D, Schoch OD, Risch G, Huber AR. Glomerular filtration rate estimates decrease during high altitude expedition but increase with Lake Louise acute mountain sickness scores. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2008; 192:443-50. [PMID: 17970827 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2007.01758.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Acute mountain sickness (AMS) can result in pulmonary and cerebral oedema with overperfusion of microvascular beds, elevated hydrostatic capillary pressure, capillary leakage and consequent oedema as pathogenetic mechanisms. Data on changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at altitudes above 5000 m are very limited. METHODS Thirty-four healthy mountaineers, who were randomized to two acclimatization protocols, undertook an expedition on Muztagh Ata Mountain (7549 m) in China. Tests were performed at five altitudes: Zurich pre-expedition (PE, 450 m), base camp (BC, 4497 m), Camp 1 (C1, 5533 m), Camp 2 (C2, 6265 m) and Camp 3 (C3, 6865 m). Cystatin C- and creatinine-based (Mayo Clinic quadratic equation) GFR estimates (eGFR) were assessed together with Lake Louise AMS score and other tests. RESULTS eGFR significantly decreased from PE to BC (P < 0.01). However, when analysing at changes between BC and C3, only cystatin C-based estimates indicated a significant decrease in GFR (P = 0.02). There was a linear decrease in eGFR from PE to C3, with a decrease of approx. 3.1 mL min(-1) 1.73 m(-2) per 1000 m increase in altitude. No differences between eGFR of the two groups with different acclimatization protocols could be observed. There was a significant association between eGFR and haematocrit (P = 0.01), whereas no significant association between eGFR and aldosterone, renin and brain natriuretic peptide could be observed. Finally, higher AMS scores were significantly associated with higher eGFR (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Renal function declines when ascending from low to high altitude. Cystatin C-based eGFR decreases during ascent in high altitude expedition but increases with AMS scores. For individuals with eGFR <40 mL min(-1) 1.73 m(-2), caution may be necessary when planning trips to high altitude above 4500 m above sea level.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pichler
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital, Aarau, Switzerland
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Treiber K, Hess T, Kronfeld D, Boston R, Geor R, Harris P. Glucose kinetics in trained Arabian geldings: effects of dietary energy source and endurance exercise. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00680_6.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gleason CE, Schmitz TW, Hess T, Koscik RL, Trivedi MA, Ries ML, Carlsson CM, Sager MA, Asthana S, Johnson SC. Hormone effects on fMRI and cognitive measures of encoding: importance of hormone preparation. Neurology 2007; 67:2039-41. [PMID: 17159116 PMCID: PMC2650493 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000247277.81400.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared fMRI and cognitive data from nine hormone therapy (HT)-naive women with data from women exposed to either opposed conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) (n = 10) or opposed estradiol (n = 4). Exposure to either form of HT was associated with healthier fMRI response; however, CEE-exposed women exhibited poorer memory performance than either HT-naive or estradiol-exposed subjects. These preliminary findings emphasize the need to characterize differential neural effects of various HTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Gleason
- Section of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 2870 University Ave., Suite 106, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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Dubuisson JB, Dubé MJ, Stucki D, Hagmann PD, Hess T, Hoogewoud HM, Jacob S, Kinkel K, Mueller MD, Spörri S, Steiner R, Wenger JM. [Practice guidelines: conservative treatment of fibroids]. Rev Med Suisse 2005; 1:2591-7. [PMID: 16353841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The conservative treatment of uterine fibroids is essentially based on symptomatology and patient's choice of treatment. The gynaecologist must develop a clear therapeutic protocol based on clinical examination, available test results and consideration of patient preference. The therapeutic options include close surveillance, hormonal treatments, conservative operative endoscopy and arterial embolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-B Dubuisson
- Département de gynécologie et d'obstétrique, HUG Genève.
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Saam T, Hess T, Kasperk C, Kauffmann GW, Düx M. Prävalenz der latenten und manifesten Hyperthyreose in einem Jodmangelgebiet: Erhebung an einem nichtselektionierten Patientenkollektiv vor Durchführung einer Computertomographie mit jodhaltigem Kontrastmittel. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2005; 177:1250-4. [PMID: 16123871 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-858237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the prevalence of latent and manifest hyperthyroidism in a non-selected group of patients admitted for contrast enhanced CT studies blood samples were tested for the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). MATERIAL AND METHODS TSH blood levels were obtained in 548 consecutive patients who were scheduled for contrast-enhanced (Iopromide; 300 mg iodine/ml) CT scanning. In case of TSH levels < 0.4 mU/l, blood samples were also tested for triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4) blood levels, and treatment with Irenat (sodium perchlorate) was commenced before scanning. In case of TSH levels < 0.1 mU/l, CT scanning was not performed but further evaluation of the thyroid function was initiated. RESULTS TSH blood levels ranged from 0.4 to 7.5 mU/l in 512 patients, and 36 patients (6.6%) had TSH blood levels < 0.4 mU/l and 9 patients blood levels < 0.1 mU/l, with 32 of those patients (5.8%) having regular T3 and T4 blood levels consistent with latent hyperthyroidism. In 4 patients (0.8%), T3 or T4 blood levels were increased consistent with manifest hyperthyroidism. CONCLUSION In South Germany, the prevalence of latent or manifest hyperthyroidism in a non-selected patient group is high. Therefore TSH blood levels should be obtained prior to contrast-enhanced CT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saam
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Abteilung Radiodiagnostik, Heidelberg.
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Abstract
Hip resurfacing received a renewed boost through the introduction of the BHR (Birmingham hip resurfacing) system. One can assume that with the BHR system major disadvantages of previous resurfacing systems have been overcome. Among the most remarkable improvements are the metal on metal bearing as well as the equipment for the exact positioning of the femoral component through guided drilling, reaming and an insertion of the implant. The purpose of the presented study was to find out whether by using a fluoroscopic navigation system the preparation of the femoral head and the positioning of the femoral component can be made easier and more precise. We developed a standardised procedure, which comprised the preoperative planning as well as the intraoperative application of the navigation system up to the drilling of the central rod, through which all of the reaming tools are guided and, finally, the component is also fitted. In 31 cases, the procedure showed excellent performance and reliability.A very exact, preferably steep (valgus) implantation of the femoral component was achieved without erosion of the femoral neck cortex ("femoral notching"). The difference between the intraoperative angles of the component's position indicated by the navigation system and the postoperative results on x-rays averaged 2.6 degrees (0.89 degrees SD), which is close to the actual limits of accuracy for fluoroscopic systems. The realisation of the project was achieved with standard hardware (navigated drill guide) and navigation system software. The virtual positioning of the implant in the optimal position impressed as an important comfort gain. The additional operating time was 10-15 min in the last ten cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hess
- Abteilung für Orthopädie und Gelenkchirurgie, Dreifaltigkeitshospital, Klosterstrasse 31, 59555 Lippstadt, Germany.
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