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Mourouga G, Schaerer RP, Yang X, Janoschka T, Schmidt TJ, Schumacher JO. Physics-based 0D-U-I-SoC cell performance model for aqueous organic redox flow batteries. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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2
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Tsehaye MT, Yang X, Janoschka T, Hager MD, Schubert US, Alloin F, Iojoiu C. Study of Anion Exchange Membrane Properties Incorporating N-spirocyclic Quaternary Ammonium Cations and Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Battery Performance. Membranes (Basel) 2021; 11:367. [PMID: 34070143 PMCID: PMC8158339 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11050367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Flexible cross-linked anion exchange membranes (AEMs) based on poly (p-phenylene oxide) grafted with N-spirocyclic quaternary ammonium cations were synthesized via UV-induced free-radical polymerization by using diallylpiperidinium chloride as an ionic monomer. Five membranes with ion exchange capacity (IEC) varying between 1.5 to 2.8 mmol Cl-·g-1 polymer were obtained and the correlation between IEC, water uptake, state of water in the membrane and ionic conductivity was studied. In the second part of this study, the influence of properties of four of these membranes on cell cycling stability and performance was investigated in an aqueous organic redox flow battery (AORFB) employing dimethyl viologen (MV) and N,N,N-2,2,6,6-heptamethylpiperidinyl oxy-4-ammonium chloride (TMA-TEMPO). The influence of membrane properties on cell cycling stability and performance was studied. At low-current density (20 mA·cm-2), the best capacity retention was obtained with lower IEC membranes for which the water uptake, freezable water and TMA-TEMPO and MV crossover are low. However, at a high current density (80 mA·cm-2), membrane resistance plays an important role and a membrane with moderate IEC, more precisely, moderate ion conductivity and water uptake was found to maintain the best overall cell performance. The results in this work contribute to the basic understanding of the relationship between membrane properties and cell performance, providing insights guiding the development of advanced membranes to improve the efficiency and power capability for AORFB systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misgina Tilahun Tsehaye
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, 38 000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Xian Yang
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; (X.Y.); (M.D.H.); (U.S.S.)
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
- JenaBatteries GmbH, Otto-Schott-Strasse 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Martin D. Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; (X.Y.); (M.D.H.); (U.S.S.)
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; (X.Y.); (M.D.H.); (U.S.S.)
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Fannie Alloin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, 38 000 Grenoble, France;
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), CNRS, FR3459, CEDEX, 80 039 Amiens, France
| | - Cristina Iojoiu
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, 38 000 Grenoble, France;
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), CNRS, FR3459, CEDEX, 80 039 Amiens, France
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3
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Janoschka T, Friebe C, Hager MD, Martin N, Schubert US. An Approach Toward Replacing Vanadium: A Single Organic Molecule for the Anode and Cathode of an Aqueous Redox-Flow Battery. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:216-220. [PMID: 28413754 PMCID: PMC5390812 DOI: 10.1002/open.201600155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
By combining a viologen unit and a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) radical in one single combi-molecule, an artificial bipolar redox-active material, 1-(4-(((1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)carbonyl)benzyl)-1'-methyl-[4,4'-bipyridine]-1,1'-diium-chloride (VIOTEMP), was created that can serve as both the anode (-0.49 V) and cathode (0.67 V vs. Ag/AgCl) in a water-based redox-flow battery. While it mimics the redox states of flow battery metals like vanadium, the novel aqueous electrolyte does not require strongly acidic media and is best operated at pH 4. The electrochemical properties of VIOTEMP were investigated by using cyclic voltammetry, rotating disc electrode experiments, and spectroelectrochemical methods. A redox-flow battery was built and the suitability of the material for both electrodes was demonstrated through a polarity-inversion experiment. Thus, an organic aqueous electrolyte system being safe in case of cross contamination is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Janoschka
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Christian Friebe
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Martin D Hager
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
| | | | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
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4
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Boujioui F, Bertrand O, Ernould B, Brassinne J, Janoschka T, Schubert US, Vlad A, Gohy JF. One-pot synthesis of electro-active polymer gels via Cu(0)-mediated radical polymerization and click chemistry. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01807f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Electro-active polymer gels are prepared via one-pot Cu(0)-mediated radical polymerization and click chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadoi Boujioui
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN)
- Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA)
- Université catholique de Louvain
- 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Olivier Bertrand
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN)
- Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA)
- Université catholique de Louvain
- 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Bruno Ernould
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN)
- Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA)
- Université catholique de Louvain
- 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Jérémy Brassinne
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN)
- Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA)
- Université catholique de Louvain
- 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Tobias Janoschka
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
| | - Alexandru Vlad
- Institute of condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN)
- Molecules
- Solids and Reactivity (MOST)
- Université catholique de Louvain
- 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
| | - Jean-François Gohy
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN)
- Bio- and Soft Matter (BSMA)
- Université catholique de Louvain
- 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
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5
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Winsberg J, Hagemann T, Janoschka T, Hager MD, Schubert US. Redox-Flow Batteries: From Metals to Organic Redox-Active Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:686-711. [PMID: 28070964 PMCID: PMC5248651 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201604925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Research on redox-flow batteries (RFBs) is currently experiencing a significant upturn, stimulated by the growing need to store increasing quantities of sustainably generated electrical energy. RFBs are promising candidates for the creation of smart grids, particularly when combined with photovoltaics and wind farms. To achieve the goal of "green", safe, and cost-efficient energy storage, research has shifted from metal-based materials to organic active materials in recent years. This Review presents an overview of various flow-battery systems. Relevant studies concerning their history are discussed as well as their development over the last few years from the classical inorganic, to organic/inorganic, to RFBs with organic redox-active cathode and anode materials. Available technologies are analyzed in terms of their technical, economic, and environmental aspects; the advantages and limitations of these systems are also discussed. Further technological challenges and prospective research possibilities are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Winsberg
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Tino Hagemann
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Janoschka
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin D Hager
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
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6
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Winsberg J, Hagemann T, Janoschka T, Hager MD, Schubert US. Redox‐Flow‐Batterien: von metallbasierten zu organischen Aktivmaterialien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201604925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Winsberg
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Tino Hagemann
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Tobias Janoschka
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Martin D. Hager
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Deutschland
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7
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Janoschka T, Martin N, Hager MD, Schubert US. Wasserbasierte Redox-Flow-Batterie mit hoher Kapazität und Leistung: das TEMPTMA/MV-System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201606472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Janoschka
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC); Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena); Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | | | - Martin D. Hager
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC); Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena); Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC); Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena); Friedrich-Schiller-Universität; Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Deutschland
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8
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Janoschka T, Martin N, Hager MD, Schubert US. An Aqueous Redox-Flow Battery with High Capacity and Power: The TEMPTMA/MV System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:14427-14430. [PMID: 27754587 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201606472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Redox-flow batteries (RFB) can easily store large amounts of electric energy and thereby mitigate the fluctuating output of renewable power plants. They are widely discussed as energy-storage solutions for wind and solar farms to improve the stability of the electrical grid. Most common RFB concepts are based on strongly acidic metal-salt solutions or poorly performing organics. Herein we present a battery which employs the highly soluble N,N,N-2,2,6,6-heptamethylpiperidinyl oxy-4-ammonium chloride (TEMPTMA) and the viologen derivative N,N'-dimethyl-4,4-bipyridinium dichloride (MV) in a simple and safe aqueous solution as redox-active materials. The resulting battery using these electrolyte solutions has capacities of 54 Ah L-1 , giving a total energy density of 38 Wh L-1 at a cell voltage of 1.4 V. With peak current densities of up to 200 mA cm-2 the TEMPTMA/MV system is a suitable candidate for compact high-capacity and high-power applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Janoschka
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Martin D Hager
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Lehrstuhl für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany. .,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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9
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Stolze C, Janoschka T, Flauder S, Müller FA, Hager MD, Schubert US. Investigation of Ice-Templated Porous Electrodes for Application in Organic Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:23614-23623. [PMID: 27570872 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Application and investigation of porous composite electrodes for organic batteries fabricated by an ice-templating method are reported for the first time. The possibility to produce polymer composite electrodes with highly aligned, parallel pores is demonstrated and electrochemical investigations are presented to examine their suitability for application in organic batteries. The performance of such ice-templated porous electrodes is experimentally compared with planar electrodes of similar composition against zinc and lithium counter electrodes, respectively. Fundamental properties limiting the performance of ice-templated porous electrodes are discussed and further means to overcome those limitations are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Stolze
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Janoschka
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Flauder
- Otto-Schott-Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Frank A Müller
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Otto-Schott-Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Martin D Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Abstract
The storage of electric energy is of ever growing importance for our modern, technology-based society, and novel battery systems are in the focus of research. The substitution of conventional metals as redox-active material by organic materials offers a promising alternative for the next generation of rechargeable batteries since these organic batteries are excelling in charging speed and cycling stability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of these systems and discusses the numerous classes of organic, polymer-based active materials as well as auxiliary components of the battery, like additives or electrolytes. Moreover, a definition of important cell characteristics and an introduction to selected characterization techniques is provided, completed by the discussion of potential socio-economic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Muench
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Wild
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Friebe
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Häupler
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Janoschka
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
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11
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Winsberg J, Janoschka T, Morgenstern S, Hagemann T, Muench S, Hauffman G, Gohy JF, Hager MD, Schubert US. Poly(TEMPO)/Zinc Hybrid-Flow Battery: A Novel, "Green," High Voltage, and Safe Energy Storage System. Adv Mater 2016; 28:2238-43. [PMID: 26810789 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The combination of a polymer-based 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-N-oxyl (TEMPO) catholyte and a zinc anode, together with a cost-efficient size-exclusion membrane, builds a new type of semi-organic, "green," hybrid-flow battery, which features a high potential range of up to 2 V, high efficiencies, and a long life time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Winsberg
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Janoschka
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Sabine Morgenstern
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Tino Hagemann
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Simon Muench
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Guillaume Hauffman
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience, Bio- and Soft Matter, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Gohy
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience, Bio- and Soft Matter, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
| | - Martin D Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
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12
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Winsberg J, Muench S, Hagemann T, Morgenstern S, Janoschka T, Billing M, Schacher FH, Hauffman G, Gohy JF, Hoeppener S, Hager MD, Schubert US. Polymer/zinc hybrid-flow battery using block copolymer micelles featuring a TEMPO corona as catholyte. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py02036k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A poly(TEMPO methacrylate)-poly(styrene) block copolymer was utilised as catholyte in polymer/zinc hybrid flow batteries.
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Janoschka T, Martin N, Martin U, Friebe C, Morgenstern S, Hiller H, Hager MD, Schubert US. An aqueous, polymer-based redox-flow battery using non-corrosive, safe, and low-cost materials. Nature 2015; 527:78-81. [DOI: 10.1038/nature15746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 599] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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14
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Janoschka T, Morgenstern S, Hiller H, Friebe C, Wolkersdörfer K, Häupler B, Hager MD, Schubert US. Synthesis and characterization of TEMPO- and viologen-polymers for water-based redox-flow batteries. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01602a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble polymers for application in polymer-based redox-flow batteries (pRFB) were synthesized and their properties were studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Janoschka
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
| | - S. Morgenstern
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
| | - H. Hiller
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
| | - C. Friebe
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
| | - K. Wolkersdörfer
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - B. Häupler
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
| | - M. D. Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
| | - U. S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
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Häupler B, Burges R, Friebe C, Janoschka T, Schmidt D, Wild A, Schubert US. Poly(exTTF): A Novel Redox-Active Polymer as Active Material for Li-Organic Batteries. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:1367-71. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Häupler
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - René Burges
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Christian Friebe
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Tobias Janoschka
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Daniel Schmidt
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Andreas Wild
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
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16
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Häupler B, Ignaszak A, Janoschka T, Jähnert T, Hager MD, Schubert US. Poly(methacrylates) with Pendant Benzoquinone Units - Monomer Synthesis, Polymerization, and Electrochemical Behavior: Potential New Polymer Systems for Organic Batteries. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Häupler
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Anna Ignaszak
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Tobias Janoschka
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Thomas Jähnert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Martin D. Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI); P.O. Box 902 5600 AX Eindhoven The Netherlands
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Jähnert T, Häupler B, Janoschka T, Hager MD, Schubert US. Polymers Based on Stable Phenoxyl Radicals for the Use in Organic Radical Batteries. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:882-7. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jähnert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr.10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller, University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Bernhard Häupler
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr.10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller, University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Tobias Janoschka
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr.10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller, University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Martin D. Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr.10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller, University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr.10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller, University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI); P. O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven The Netherlands
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18
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Jähnert T, Häupler B, Janoschka T, Hager MD, Schubert US. Synthesis and Charge-Discharge Studies of Poly(ethynylphenyl)galvinoxyles and Their Use in Organic Radical Batteries with Aqueous Electrolytes. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jähnert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Bernhard Häupler
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Tobias Janoschka
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Martin D. Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI); P.O. Box 902 5600 AX Eindhoven The Netherlands
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Abstract
Our society's dependency on portable electric energy, i.e., rechargeable batteries, which permit power consumption at any place and in any time, will eventually culminate in resource wars on limited commodities like lithium, cobalt, and rare earth metals. The substitution of conventional metals as means of electric charge storage by organic and polymeric materials, which may ultimately be derived from renewable resources, appears to be the only feasible way out. In this context, the novel class of organic radical batteries (ORBs) excelling in rate capability (i.e., charging speed) and cycling stability (>1000 cycles) sets new standards in battery research. This review examines stable nitroxide radical bearing polymers, their processing to battery systems, and their promising performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Janoschka
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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Janoschka T, Teichler A, Krieg A, Hager MD, Schubert US. Polymerization of free secondary amine bearing monomers by RAFT polymerization and other controlled radical techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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