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Nishimura Y, Tsutsumi M, Yamamoto R, Sakuraya T, Emura K, Arakawa T. Morphological differences between the dorsal and palmar septa of the first extensor compartment in relation to the brachioradialis and pronator quadratus. Ann Anat 2024; 253:152228. [PMID: 38340878 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first extensor compartment of the wrist is known as a frequent site of stenosing tenosynovitis, referred to as de Quervain's disease. De Quervain's disease occurs more frequently in the dorsal part of the first extensor compartment than in the palmar part; however, the anatomical reason why the dorsal part is worse remains poorly elucidated. This study clarified the morphological differences between the dorsal and palmar parts by examining their relationship with the surrounding structures. METHODS In this study, a total of 35 wrists from 23 Japanese cadavers were used. Twenty-five wrists were randomly assigned for macroscopic analysis, and the remaining 10 wrists were used for histological analysis. RESULTS The palmar septum of the first extensor compartment was connected to the brachioradialis tendon and superficial head of the pronator quadratus and was histologically stout compared to the dorsal septum. Despite several anatomical variations, such as the septum between the abductor pollicis longus/extensor pollicis brevis and the multiple tendons of these muscles, the aforementioned characteristics of the fibrous sheath in the first extensor compartment were identical in all specimens. CONCLUSION In contrast to the fragile structure of the dorsal septum, the stout structure of the palmar septum could be related to the low occurrence of symptoms of de Quervain's disease. The present results could play a role in revealing the pathogeny and establish the precise treatment for de Quervain's disease and provide an anatomical basis for kinesiological/biomechanical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Nishimura
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsutsumi
- Inclusive Medical Sciences Research Institute, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, 1 26-16 Nankokita, Suminoe-ku, Osaka 559-8611, Japan; Department of Clinical Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rintaro Yamamoto
- Department of Clinical Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohma Sakuraya
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan; Department of Anatomy, Division of Oral Structure, Function and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kenji Emura
- Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, Himeji, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Arakawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan.
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Nagata I, Kawashima M, Miyazaki A, Miyoshi M, Sakuraya T, Sonomura T, Oyanagi E, Yano H, Arakawa T. Icing after skeletal muscle injury with necrosis in a small fraction of myofibers limits iNOS-expressing macrophage invasion and facilitates muscle regeneration. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 324:R574-R588. [PMID: 36878487 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00258.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence from animal experiments suggests that icing after skeletal muscle injury is harmful to muscle regeneration. However, these previous experimental models yielded massive necrotic myofibers, whereas muscle injury with necrosis in a small myofiber fraction (<10%) frequently occurs in human sports activities. Although macrophages play a pro-reparative role during muscle regeneration, they exert a cytotoxic effect on muscle cells through an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-mediated mechanism. In this study, we established an animal injury model with necrosis limited to a small myofiber fraction and investigated the effect of icing on muscle regeneration with a focus on macrophage-related events. Icing after muscle injury of this model resulted in an enlarged size of regenerating myofibers compared with those in untreated animals. During the regenerative process, icing attenuated the accumulation of iNOS-expressing macrophages, suppressed iNOS expression in the whole damaged muscle, and limited the expansion of the injured myofiber area. Additionally, icing increased the ratio of M2 macrophages within the injured site at an earlier time point than that in untreated animals. Following these phenomena in icing-treated muscle regeneration, an early accumulation of activated satellite cells within the damaged/regenerating area was occurred. The expression level of myogenic regulatory factors, such as MyoD and myogenin, was not affected by icing. Taken together, our results suggest that icing after muscle injury with necrosis limited to a small fraction of myofibers facilitates muscle regeneration by attenuating iNOS-expressing macrophage invasion, limiting muscle damage expansion, and accelerating the accumulation of myogenic cells which form regenerating myofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itsuki Nagata
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masato Kawashima
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Health and Sports Science, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Anna Miyazaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Tohma Sakuraya
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Oral Anatomy, Asahi University, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Eri Oyanagi
- Department of Health and Sports Science, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yano
- Department of Health and Sports Science, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Japan.,Graduate School of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
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Sakuraya T, Sekiya SI, Emura K, Sonomura T, Hirasaki E, Arakawa T. Comparison of the soleus and plantaris muscles in humans and other primates: Macroscopic neuromuscular anatomy and evolutionary significance. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:386-400. [PMID: 35655371 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In humans, the soleus is more developed compared to other primates and has a unique architecture composed of anterior bipennate and posterior unipennate parts, which are innervated by different nerve branches. The anterior part of the human soleus was proposed to be important for bipedalism, however, the phylogenetic process resulting in its acquisition remains unclear. Providing insights into this process, the anterior part of the soleus was suggested to be closely related to the plantaris based on the branching pattern of their nerve fascicles. To reveal the phylogeny of the soleus and plantaris in primates, the innervation patterns of the posterior crural muscles were compared among a wide range of species. From their branching pattern, posterior crural muscles could be classified into superficial and deep muscle groups. The anterior part of the soleus and plantaris both belonged to the deep muscle group. In all the examined specimens of ring-tailed lemurs and chimpanzees, as well as in one out of two specimens of siamang, the nerve branches corresponding to those innervating the anterior part of the human soleus were found. The muscular branches innervating the anterior part of the soleus and plantaris formed a common trunk or were connected in all the specimens. These results indicate that the anterior part of the soleus is closely related to the plantaris across different species of primates. In turn, this suggests that the anterior part of the soleus is maintained among primates, and especially in humans, where it develops as the characteristic bipennate structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohma Sakuraya
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Anatomy, Division of Oral Structure, Function and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sekiya
- Faculty of Nursing, Niigata College of Nursing, Joetsu, Japan.,Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenji Emura
- Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, Himeji, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sonomura
- Department of Anatomy, Division of Oral Structure, Function and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Eishi Hirasaki
- Section of Evolutionary Morphology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Arakawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
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Miyazaki A, Kawashima M, Nagata I, Miyoshi M, Miyakawa M, Sugiyama M, Sakuraya T, Sonomura T, Arakawa T. Icing after skeletal muscle injury decreases M1 macrophage accumulation and TNF-α expression during the early phase of muscle regeneration in rats. Histochem Cell Biol 2023; 159:77-89. [PMID: 36114866 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Following skeletal muscle injury, both myogenic and immune cells interact closely during the regenerative process. Although icing is still a common acute treatment for sports-related skeletal muscle injuries, icing after muscle injury has been shown to disrupt macrophage accumulation and impair muscle regeneration in animal models. However, it remains unknown whether icing shortly after injury affects macrophage-related phenomena during the early stages of muscle regeneration. Therefore, we focused on the distribution of M1/M2 macrophages and cytokines expressed predominantly by macrophages during the early stages of muscle regeneration after muscle crush injury. Icing resulted in a decrease, not retardation, in the accumulation of M1 macrophages, but not M2 macrophages, in injured muscles. Consistent with the decrease in M1 macrophage accumulation, icing led to a reduction, instead of delay, in the level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression. Additionally, at subsequent timepoints, icing decreased the number of myogenic precursor cells in the regenerating area and the size of centrally nucleated regenerating myofibers. Together, our findings suggest that icing after acute muscle damage by crushing disturbs muscle regeneration through hindering tM1 macrophage-related phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Miyazaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan
| | - Masato Kawashima
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan.,Department of Health and Sports Science, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0193, Japan
| | - Itsuki Nagata
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan
| | - Makoto Miyoshi
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan
| | - Motoi Miyakawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan.,Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Megumi Sugiyama
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan.,General Tokyo Hospital, 3-15-2 Egota, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 165-8906, Japan
| | - Tohma Sakuraya
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan.,Department of Oral Anatomy, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sonomura
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Arakawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan.
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Kawashima M, Kawanishi N, Tominaga T, Suzuki K, Miyazaki A, Nagata I, Miyoshi M, Miyakawa M, Sakuraya T, Sonomura T, Arakawa T. Icing after eccentric contraction-induced muscle damage perturbs the disappearance of necrotic muscle fibers and phenotypic dynamics of macrophages in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:1410-1420. [PMID: 33764172 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01069.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Icing is still one of the most common treatments to acute skeletal muscle damage in sports medicine. However, previous studies using rodents reported the detrimental effect of icing on muscle regeneration following injury. This study aimed to elucidate the critical factors governing the impairment of muscle regeneration by icing with a murine model of eccentric contraction-induced muscle damage by electrical stimulation. Because of icing after muscle injury, the infiltration of polynuclear and mononuclear cells into necrotic muscle fibers was retarded and attenuated, leading to the persistent presence of necrotic cellular debris. These phenomena coincided with the delayed emergence and sustained accumulation of Pax7+ myogenic cells within the regenerating area. In addition, due to icing, delayed and/or sustained infiltration of M1 macrophages was noted in accordance with the perturbed expression patterns of inflammation-related factors, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). The key myogenic regulatory factors (i.e., MyoD and myogenin) involved in the activation/proliferation and differentiation of myogenic precursor cells were not altered by icing during the regenerative process. A detailed analysis of regenerating myofibers by size distribution at day 14 after muscle damage showed that the ratio of small regenerating fibers to total regenerating fibers was higher in icing-treated animals than in untreated animals. These findings suggest that icing following muscle damage blunts the efficiency of muscle regeneration by perturbing the removal of necrotic myofibers and phenotypic dynamics of macrophages rather than affecting myogenic factors.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Icing blunted the muscle regeneration by perturbing the infiltration of polynuclear and mononuclear cells into necrotic myofibers and the phenotypic dynamics of macrophages rather than affecting the myogenic regulatory factors. Because of icing, the disappearance of necrotic muscle debris was retarded, coinciding with the delayed emergence and sustained accumulation of Pax7+ cells within the regenerating area. The expression patterns of TNF-α and IL-10 were altered by icing consistent with the perturbation of the macrophage phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kawashima
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriaki Kawanishi
- Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Japan
| | - Takaki Tominaga
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Anna Miyazaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Itsuki Nagata
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Makoto Miyoshi
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Motoi Miyakawa
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Graduate school of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tohma Sakuraya
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sonomura
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Arakawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
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Yamamoto R, Izumida M, Sakuraya T, Emura K, Arakawa T. The ulnar nerve is surrounded by the tendon expansion of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle at the wrist: an anatomical study of Guyon's canal. Anat Sci Int 2021; 96:422-426. [PMID: 33548049 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-021-00607-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The ulnar tunnel (Guyon's canal) is an osseofibrous tunnel for the ulnar nerve and artery. With regard to the proximal palmar wall (palmar carpal ligament) of the ulnar tunnel, detailed anatomical data such as attachment sites, fibrous continuity to surroundings, and variations have not been clearly described. In this study, topology of Guyon's canal was examined, especially to the palmar side of the ulnar nerve, focusing on the continuity of tendinous structures to reveal a more detailed constitution of Guyon's canal. The palmar wall of Guyon's canal was investigated in 113 forearms of 57 cadavers. The dorsal wall of the canal was also investigated in 25 subjects. The ulnar nerve passed lateral to the pisiform and the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon. At the level of the pisiform, except for one, the ulnar nerve passed dorsal to the aponeurosis expanding from the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon and the periosteum of the pisiform, and this aponeurosis laterally merged with the palmar aspect of the flexor retinaculum. Moreover, the ulnar nerve ran palmar to the pisohamate ligament and the flexor retinaculum extended from the same tendon. The present study suggests that the aponeurosis of palmar side to the ulnar nerve connected with the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon, the periosteum of the pisiform, and the palmar surface of the flexor retinaculum. These findings indicate that the ulnar nerve is surrounded by the aponeurotic portion expanding from the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon at the wrist, which is a new insight of Guyon's canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintaro Yamamoto
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, 654-0142, Japan
| | - Mizuki Izumida
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, 654-0142, Japan
| | - Tohma Sakuraya
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, 654-0142, Japan
| | - Kenji Emura
- Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, 7-2-1 Kami-ono, Himeji, 670-8524, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Arakawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, 654-0142, Japan.
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