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Tien TZ, Lee JNLW, Lim JCT, Chen XY, Thike AA, Tan PH, Yeong JPS. Delineating the breast cancer immune microenvironment in the era of multiplex immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence. Histopathology 2021; 79:139-159. [PMID: 33400265 DOI: 10.1111/his.14328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer death in females worldwide. Treatment is challenging, especially for those who are triple-negative. Increasing evidence suggests that diverse immune populations are present in the breast tumour microenvironment, which opens up avenues for personalised drug targets. Historically, our investigations into the immune constitution of breast tumours have been restricted to analyses of one or two markers at a given time. Recent technological advances have allowed simultaneous labelling of more than 35 markers and detailed profiling of tumour-immune infiltrates at the single-cell level, as well as determining the cellular composition and spatial analysis of the entire tumour architecture. In this review, we describe emerging technologies that have contributed to the field of breast cancer diagnosis, and discuss how to interpret the vast data sets obtained in order to effectively translate them for clinically relevant use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Z Tien
- Integrative Biology for Theranostics, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Justina N L W Lee
- Integrative Biology for Theranostics, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey C T Lim
- Integrative Biology for Theranostics, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Yang Chen
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aye Aye Thike
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joe P S Yeong
- Integrative Biology for Theranostics, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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