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Tuan Abdul Aziz TA, Teh LK, Md Idris MH, Bannur Z, Ashari LS, Ismail AI, Ahmad A, Isa KM, Nor FM, Rahman THA, Shaari SAB, Jan Mohamed HJ, Mohamad N, Salleh MZ. Increased risks of cardiovascular diseases and insulin resistance among the Orang Asli in Peninsular Malaysia. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:284. [PMID: 27009064 PMCID: PMC4806488 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2848-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the strategic development plan by the authorities for the Orang Asli, there are six subtribes of which their population numbers are small (less than 700). These minorities were not included in most of the health related studies published thus far. A comprehensive physiological and biomedical updates on these small subtribes in comparison to the larger subtribes and the urban Malay population is timely and important to help provide appropriate measures to prevent further reduction in the numbers of the Orang Asli. Methods A total of 191 Orang Asli from different villages in Peninsular Malaysia and 115 healthy urban Malays were recruited. Medical examinations and biochemical analyses were conducted. Framingham risk scores were determined. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 20.0. Results A higher percentage of the Orang Asli showed high insulin levels and hsCRP compared to the healthy Malays denoting possible risk of insulin resistance. High incidences of low HDL-c levels were observed in all the Orang Asli from the six subtribes but none was detected among the urban Malays. A higher percentage of inlanders (21.1 % of the males and 4.2 % of the females) were categorized to have high Framingham Risk Score. Conclusions Orang Asli staying both in the inlands and peripheries are predisposed to cardiovascular diseases and insulin resistance diabetes mellitus. The perception of Orang Asli being healthier than the urban people no longer holds. We believed that this information is important to the relevant parties in strategizing a healthier community of the Orang Asli to avoid the vanishing of the vulnerable group(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Azlin Tuan Abdul Aziz
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lay Kek Teh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Campus, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Muhd Hanis Md Idris
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zakaria Bannur
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lydiatul Shima Ashari
- Nutrition Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Adzrool Idzwan Ismail
- Faculty of Art and Design, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aminuddin Ahmad
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kamarudzaman Md Isa
- Faculty of Art and Design, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fadzilah Mohd Nor
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Hamid Jan Jan Mohamed
- Nutrition Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nornazliya Mohamad
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zaki Salleh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Campus, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.
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