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Zeng X, Glettner B, Baumeister U, Chen B, Ungar G, Liu F, Tschierske C. A columnar liquid quasicrystal with a honeycomb structure that consists of triangular, square and trapezoidal cells. Nat Chem 2023; 15:625-632. [PMID: 36959511 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Quasicrystals are intriguing structures that have long-range positional correlations but no periodicity in real space, and typically with rotational symmetries that are 'forbidden' in conventional periodic crystals. Here, we present a two-dimensional columnar liquid quasicrystal with dodecagonal symmetry. Unlike previous dodecagonal quasicrystals based on random tiling, a honeycomb structure based on a strictly quasiperiodic tessellation of tiles is observed. The structure consists of dodecagonal clusters made up of triangular, square and trapezoidal cells that are optimal for local packing. To maximize the presence of such dodecagonal clusters, the system abandons periodicity but adopts a quasiperiodic structure that follows strict packing rules. The stability of random-tiling dodecagonal quasicrystals is often attributed to the entropy of disordering when strict tiling rules are broken, at the sacrifice of the long-range positional order. However, our results demonstrate that quasicrystal stability may rest on energy minimization alone, or with only minimal entropic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbing Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sheffield University, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Benjamin Glettner
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Bin Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Goran Ungar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sheffield University, Sheffield, UK
- Shaanxi International Research Centre for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi International Research Centre for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Carsten Tschierske
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
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2
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Prehm M, Enders C, Mang X, Zeng X, Liu F, Ungar G, Baumeister U, Tschierske C. Lamellar Liquid Crystals of In-Plane Lying Rod-Like Mesogens with Designer Side-Chains: The Case of Sliding versus Locked Layers. Chemistry 2018; 24:16072-16084. [PMID: 29939440 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The dimensionality of self-assembled nanostructures plays an essential role for their properties and applications. Herein, an understanding of the transition from weakly to strongly coupled layers in soft matter systems is provided involving in-plane organized π-conjugated rods. For this purpose, bolaamphiphilic triblock molecules consisting of a rigid biphenyl core, polar glycerol groups at the ends, and a branched (swallow-tail) or linear alkyl or semiperfluoroalkyl chain in lateral position have been synthesized and investigated. Besides weakly coupled lamellar isotropic (LamIso ), lamellar nematic (LamN ) and sliding lamellar smectic phases (LamSm ), a sequence of three distinct types of strongly coupled (correlated) lamellar smectic phases with either centered (c2mm) or non-centered rectangular (p2mm) lattice and an intermediate oblique lattices (p2) were observed depending on chain length, chain branching and degree of chain fluorination. This new sequence is explained by the strengthening of the layer coupling and the competition between energetic packing constraints and the entropic contribution of either longitudinal or tangential fluctuations. This example of directed side chain engineering of small generic model compounds provides general clues for morphological design of two-dimensional and three-dimensionally coupled lamellar systems involving larger π-conjugated molecular rods and molecular or supramolecular polymers, being of actual interest in organic electronics and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Prehm
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str.2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Claudia Enders
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str.2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Xiaobin Mang
- Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, Robert Hadfield Building Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Xiangbing Zeng
- Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, Robert Hadfield Building Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Goran Ungar
- Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, Robert Hadfield Building Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.,Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha College Park, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str.2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschierske
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str.2, 06120, Halle, Germany
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3
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Knežević A, Dokli I, Sapunar M, Šegota S, Baumeister U, Lesac A. Induced smectic phase in binary mixtures of twist-bend nematogens. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2018; 9:1297-1307. [PMID: 29765808 PMCID: PMC5942249 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.9.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of liquid crystal (LC) mixtures is of great interest in tailoring material properties for specific applications. The recent discovery of the twist-bend nematic phase (NTB) has sparked great interest in the scientific community, not only from a fundamental viewpoint, but also due to its potential for innovative applications. Here we report on the unexpected phase behaviour of a binary mixture of twist-bend nematogens. A binary phase diagram for mixtures of imino-linked cyanobiphenyl (CBI) dimer and imino-linked benzoyloxy-benzylidene (BB) dimer shows two distinct domains. While mixtures containing less than 35 mol % of BB possess a wide temperature range twist-bend nematic phase, the mixtures containing 55-80 mol % of BB exhibit a smectic phase despite that both pure compounds display a Iso-N-NTB-Cr phase sequence. The phase diagram shows that the addition of BB of up to 30 mol % significantly extends the temperature range of the NTB phase, maintaining the temperature range of the nematic phase. The periodicity, obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging, is in the range of 6-7 nm. The induction of the smectic phase in the mixtures containing 55-80 mol % of BB was confirmed using polarising optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction. The origin of the intercalated smectic phase was unravelled by combined spectroscopic and computational methods and can be traced to conformational disorder of the terminal chains. These results show the importance of understanding the phase behaviour of binary mixtures, not only in targeting a wide temperature range but also in controlling the self-organizing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamarija Knežević
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Irena Dokli
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marin Sapunar
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Suzana Šegota
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Andreja Lesac
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Bilal MH, Hussain H, Prehm M, Baumeister U, Meister A, Hause G, Busse K, Mäder K, Kressler J. Synthesis of poly(glycerol adipate)- g -oleate and its ternary phase diagram with glycerol monooleate and water. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Idelson A, Sterzenbach C, Jester SS, Tschierske C, Baumeister U, Höger S. A Liquid-Crystalline Phenylene-Based Shape-Persistent Molecular Spoked Wheel. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:4429-4434. [PMID: 28248519 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular spoked wheels with an all-phenylene backbone and different alkoxy side chain substitution patterns were synthesized using a cobalt-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition and subsequent template-directed cyclization via Yamamoto coupling. The two-dimensional organization of the molecules at the solid/liquid interface was investigated by means of scanning tunneling microscopy, allowing imaging of the molecular structure with submolecular resolution. With the right proportion of the flexible alkyl corona to the rigid core, mesomorphic behavior of one compound could be observed over a wide temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Idelson
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrichs-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christopher Sterzenbach
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrichs-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan-S Jester
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrichs-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschierske
- Institut für Chemie, Organische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg , Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg , Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sigurd Höger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrichs-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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6
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Pulst M, Samiullah MH, Baumeister U, Prehm M, Balko J, Thurn-Albrecht T, Busse K, Golitsyn Y, Reichert D, Kressler J. Crystallization of Poly(ethylene oxide) with a Well-Defined Point Defect in the Middle of the Polymer Chain. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pulst
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Muhammad H. Samiullah
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Marko Prehm
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jens Balko
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Thurn-Albrecht
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Karsten Busse
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Yury Golitsyn
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Detlef Reichert
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jörg Kressler
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
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7
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Ivšić T, Vinković M, Baumeister U, Mikleušević A, Lesac A. Towards understanding the NTB phase: a combined experimental, computational and spectroscopic study. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26078g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined studies support the hierarchical model for the NTB phase that involves formation of embryonic self-assembly of the propeller-shaped dimeric molecules with syn-parallel orientation in the isotropic melt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trpimir Ivšić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Ruđer Bošković Institute
- 10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | | | - Ute Baumeister
- Institute of Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- 06120 Halle
- Germany
| | - Ana Mikleušević
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Ruđer Bošković Institute
- 10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Andreja Lesac
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Ruđer Bošković Institute
- 10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
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8
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Ivšić T, Vinković M, Baumeister U, Mikleušević A, Lesac A. Retraction. Milestone in the NTB phase investigation and beyond: direct insight into molecular self-assembly. Soft Matter 2015; 11:6716. [PMID: 26237635 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm90098k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Trpimir Ivšić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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9
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Ivšić T, Vinković M, Baumeister U, Mikleušević A, Lesac A. Milestone in the NTB phase investigation and beyond: direct insight into molecular self-assembly. Soft Matter 2014; 10:9334-9342. [PMID: 25346366 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02119c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although liquid-crystalline materials are most widely exploited for flat-panel displays, their ability to self-organize into periodically ordered nanostructures gives rise to a broad variety of additional applications. The recently discovered low-temperature nematic phase (N(TB)) with unusual characteristics generated considerable attention within the scientific community: despite the fact that the molecules from which the phase is composed are not chiral, the helicoidal structure of the phase is strongly implicated. Here we report on combined experimental, computational and spectroscopic studies of the structural aspects influencing formation of the N(TB) phase as well as on the molecular organization within the phase. In an extensive DFT study, the structure-property prerequisite was traced to a "bent-propeller" shape of the molecule. We also demonstrate the first utilization of liquid state NMR for direct analysis of intermolecular interactions within thermotropic liquid-crystalline phases, providing new insight into molecular packing that can lead towards design of novel chiral functional materials. The synergy of experimental, computational and NMR studies suggests a syn-parallel helical molecular organization within the N(TB) phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trpimir Ivšić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Reimann
- Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II; Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg; 06120 Halle Germany
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie; Institut für Chemie, Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg; 06120 Halle Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II; Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg; 06120 Halle Germany
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Reimann
- Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II; Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg; 06120 Halle Germany
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie; Institut für Chemie, Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg; 06120 Halle Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II; Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg; 06120 Halle Germany
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12
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Vollmeyer J, Baumeister U, Höger S. The influence of intraannular templates on the liquid crystallinity of shape-persistent macrocycles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:910-20. [PMID: 24991240 PMCID: PMC4077431 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of shape-persistent phenylene–ethynylene–naphthylene–butadiynylene macrocycles with different extraannular alkyl groups and intraannular bridges is synthesized by oxidative Glaser-coupling of the appropriate precursors. The intraannular bridges serve in this case as templates that reduce the oligomerization even when the reaction is not performed under pseudo high-dilution conditions. The extraannular as well as the intraannular substituents have a strong influence on the thermal behavior of the compounds. With branched alkyl chains at the periphery, the macrocycles exhibit liquid crystalline (lc) phases when the interior is empty or when the length of the alkyl bridge is just right to cross the ring. With a longer alkyl or an oligoethylene oxide bridge no lc phase is observed, most probably because the mesogene is no longer planar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Vollmeyer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sigurd Höger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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13
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Chen D, Nakata M, Shao R, Tuchband MR, Shuai M, Baumeister U, Weissflog W, Walba DM, Glaser MA, Maclennan JE, Clark NA. Twist-bend heliconical chiral nematic liquid crystal phase of an achiral rigid bent-core mesogen. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2014; 89:022506. [PMID: 25353488 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.022506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The chiral, heliconical (twist-bend) nematic ground state is reported in an achiral, rigid, bent-core mesogen (UD68). Similar to the nematic twist-bend (N(TB)) phase observed in bent molecular dimers, the N(TB) phase of UD68 forms macroscopic, smecticlike focal-conic textures and exhibits nanoscale, periodic modulation with no associated modulation of the electron density, i.e., without a detectable lamellar x-ray reflection peak. The N(TB) helical pitch is p(TB) ∼ 14 nm. When an electric field is applied normal to the helix axis, a weak electroclinic effect is observed, revealing 50-μm-scale left- and right-handed domains in a chiral conglomerate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chen
- Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
| | - Michi Nakata
- Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
| | - Renfan Shao
- Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
| | - Michael R Tuchband
- Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
| | - Min Shuai
- Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weissflog
- Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - David M Walba
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0215, USA
| | - Matthew A Glaser
- Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
| | - Joseph E Maclennan
- Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
| | - Noel A Clark
- Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
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14
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Šepelj M, Baumeister U, Ivšić T, Lesac A. Effects of Geometry and Electronic Structure on the Molecular Self-Assembly of Naphthyl-Based Dimers. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:8918-29. [DOI: 10.1021/jp404533p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Šepelj
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb,
Croatia
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Institute of Chemistry,
Physical
Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Trpimir Ivšić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb,
Croatia
| | - Andreja Lesac
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb,
Croatia
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15
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Zhang Y, Ortega J, Baumeister U, Folcia CL, Sanz-Enguita G, Walker C, Rodriguez-Conde S, Etxebarria J, O’Callaghan MJ, More K. An Azo-Bridged Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal with Highly Enhanced Second and Third Harmonic Generation. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:16298-306. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3062826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhang
- Micron Technology Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503,
United States
| | | | - Ute Baumeister
- Institute of Chemistry,
Physical
Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse
2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | | | | | - Christopher Walker
- Micron Technology Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503,
United States
| | | | | | - Michael J. O’Callaghan
- Micron Technology Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503,
United States
| | - Kundalika More
- Micron Technology Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503,
United States
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16
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Zhang C, Gao M, Diorio N, Weissflog W, Baumeister U, Sprunt S, Gleeson JT, Jákli A. Direct observation of smectic layers in thermotropic liquid crystals. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:107802. [PMID: 23005329 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.107802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate subnanometer resolution cryo-TEM imaging of smectic layers in the smectic and nematic phases of two bent-core liquid crystals. Our results show perfect periodicity over several hundred layers in the smectic phase and also provide the first direct evidence of smectic clusters on length scales of 30-50 nm in a nematic liquid crystal. The results are corroborated with small angle x-ray scattering measurements. The observation of smectic clusters in the nematic phase is of special interest in bent-core liquid crystals, where the smectic clusters are stable over wide temperature ranges, in contrast to the well-known pretransitional "cybotactic" clusters that appear only in the vicinity of a bulk smectic phase. The means to characterize and manipulate this nanoscale molecular order could open up completely new liquid crystal-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhang
- Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
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17
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Findeisen-Tandel S, Weissflog W, Baumeister U, Pelzl G, Murthy HNS, Yelamaggad CV. Laterally substituted symmetric and nonsymmetric salicylideneimine-based bent-core mesogens. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:129-54. [PMID: 22423281 PMCID: PMC3302074 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bent-core mesogens have gained considerable importance due to their ability to form new mesophases with unusual properties. Relationships between the chemical structure of bent-core molecules and the type and physical properties of the formed mesophases are relatively unknown in detail and differ strongly from those known for calamitic liquid crystals. In this paper symmetric and nonsymmetric five-ring salicylideneaniline-based bent-core mesogens are presented, and the effect of lateral substituents attached at the outer phenyl rings (F, Cl, Br) or the central phenyl ring (CH3) on the liquid-crystalline behaviour and on the physical properties is studied. Corresponding benzylideneaniline-based compounds were additionally prepared in order to study the influence of the intramolecular hydrogen bond. The occurring mesophases were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, polarising microscopy, X-ray diffraction and dielectric and electro-optical measurements. The paper reports on new findings with respect to the structure–property relationships of bent-core mesogens. On one hand, the disruptive effect of laterally substituted halogen atoms, F, Cl and Br, on the mesophase behaviour of three isomeric series was much lower than expected. On the other hand, an increase of the clearing temperature by 34 K was observed, caused by small lateral substituents. The electro-optical behaviour, especially the type of polar switching and corresponding molecular movements, is sensitive to variations in the molecular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Findeisen-Tandel
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
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18
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Ponsinet V, Barois P, Pan L, Wang S, Huang CC, Wang ST, Pindak R, Baumeister U, Weissflog W. Characterization of a chiral phase in an achiral bent-core liquid crystal by polarization studies of resonant x-ray forbidden reflections. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2011; 84:011706. [PMID: 21867195 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.011706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The chiral antiferroelectric structure of an achiral bent-core liquid crystal is characterized by resonant x-ray scattering at chlorine K edge. The "forbidden" reflections resulting from the glide or screw symmetry elements are restored by the anisotropy of the tensor structure factor, which we calculate for two possible structural models. A careful analysis of the polarization states of the restored "forbidden" reflections enables an unambiguous identification of a chiral structure (i.e., the so-called anticlinic, antiferroelectric smectic-C or Sm-C(A)P(A)) coexisting with the achiral synclinic antiferroelectric smectic-C or Sm-C(S)P(A). The method proves to be quite powerful as it identifies the chiral structure within coexisting phases despite an imperfect orientation of the sample. The volume fraction of the chiral phase and the distribution of alignment are extracted from the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ponsinet
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Université Bordeaux 1, CNRS, Av A Schweitzer, FR-33600 Pessac, France
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19
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Sengupta S, Uemura S, Patwardhan S, Huber V, Grozema FC, Siebbeles LDA, Baumeister U, Würthner F. Columnar Mesophases Based on Zinc Chlorophyll Derivatives Functionalized with Peripheral Dendron Wedges. Chemistry 2011; 17:5300-10. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanchita Sengupta
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie and Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 931‐31‐84756
| | - Shinobu Uemura
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie and Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 931‐31‐84756
| | - Sameer Patwardhan
- OptoElectronic Materials Section, DelftChemTech, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft (The Netherlands)
| | - Valerie Huber
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie and Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 931‐31‐84756
| | - Ferdinand C. Grozema
- OptoElectronic Materials Section, DelftChemTech, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft (The Netherlands)
| | - Laurens D. A. Siebbeles
- OptoElectronic Materials Section, DelftChemTech, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft (The Netherlands)
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Martin‐Luther‐Universität Halle‐Wittenberg, Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, von‐Danckelmann‐Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Germany)
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie and Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 931‐31‐84756
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20
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Fritzsche M, Bohle A, Dudenko D, Baumeister U, Sebastiani D, Richardt G, Spiess HW, Hansen MR, Höger S. Innentitelbild: Empty Helical Nanochannels with Adjustable Order from Low-Symmetry Macrocycles (Angew. Chem. 13/2011). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Fritzsche M, Bohle A, Dudenko D, Baumeister U, Sebastiani D, Richardt G, Spiess HW, Hansen MR, Höger S. Inside Cover: Empty Helical Nanochannels with Adjustable Order from Low-Symmetry Macrocycles (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 13/2011). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Zeng X, Kieffer R, Glettner B, Nurnberger C, Liu F, Pelz K, Prehm M, Baumeister U, Hahn H, Lang H, Gehring GA, Weber CHM, Hobbs JK, Tschierske C, Ungar G. Complex Multicolor Tilings and Critical Phenomena in Tetraphilic Liquid Crystals. Science 2011; 331:1302-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1193052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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23
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Fritzsche M, Bohle A, Dudenko D, Baumeister U, Sebastiani D, Richardt G, Spiess HW, Hansen MR, Höger S. Empty helical nanochannels with adjustable order from low-symmetry macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:3030-3. [PMID: 21404392 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201007437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Fritzsche
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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24
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Fritzsche M, Bohle A, Dudenko D, Baumeister U, Sebastiani D, Richardt G, Spiess HW, Hansen MR, Höger S. Empty Helical Nanochannels with Adjustable Order from Low-Symmetry Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201007437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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25
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Diele S, Baumeister U, Demus D. Röntgenografische Untersuchungen eines kristallin-flüssigen binären Systems mit Komplexbildung. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/zfch.19810210110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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26
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Martinez-Perdiguero J, Zhang Y, Walker C, Etxebarria J, Folcia CL, Ortega J, O'Callaghan MJ, Baumeister U. Second harmonic generation in laterally azo-bridged H-shaped ferroelectric dimesogens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm00012d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Weissflog W, Pelzl G, Kresse H, Baumeister U, Brand K, Schröder MW, Tamba MG, Findeisen-Tandel S, Kornek U, Stern S, Eremin A, Stannarius R, Svoboda J. In search of a new design strategy for solid single-component organic ferroelectrics: Polar crystalline phases formed by bent-core molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm00322k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Zhang Y, Martinez-Perdiguero J, Baumeister U, Walker C, Etxebarria J, Prehm M, Ortega J, Tschierske C, O’Callaghan MJ, Harant A, Handschy M. Laterally Azo-Bridged H-Shaped Ferroelectric Dimesogens for Second-Order Nonlinear Optics: Ferroelectricity and Second Harmonic Generation. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:18386-92. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9069166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhang
- Displaytech Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Josu Martinez-Perdiguero
- Displaytech Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Displaytech Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Christopher Walker
- Displaytech Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Jesus Etxebarria
- Displaytech Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Marko Prehm
- Displaytech Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Josu Ortega
- Displaytech Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschierske
- Displaytech Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Michael J. O’Callaghan
- Displaytech Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Adam Harant
- Displaytech Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Mark Handschy
- Displaytech Inc., 2602 Clover Basin Drive, Longmont, Colorado 80503, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
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29
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Enz E, Baumeister U, Lagerwall J. Coaxial electrospinning of liquid crystal-containing poly(vinylpyrrolidone) microfibres. Beilstein J Org Chem 2009; 5:58. [PMID: 20300504 PMCID: PMC2839530 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.5.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
With the relatively new technique of coaxial electrospinning, composite fibres of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) with the liquid crystal 4-cyano-4′-octylbiphenyl in its smectic phase as core material could be produced. The encapsulation leads to remarkable confinement effects on the liquid crystal, inducing changes in its phase sequence. We conducted a series of experiments to determine the effect of varying the relative flow rates of inner and outer fluid as well as of the applied voltage during electrospinning on these composite fibres. From X-ray diffraction patterns of oriented fibres we could also establish the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules to be parallel to the fibre axis, a result unexpected when considering the viscosity anisotropy of the liquid crystal kept in its smectic phase during electrospinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Enz
- Institute of Chemistry - Physical Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
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30
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Ocak H, Bilgin-Eran B, Tschierske C, Baumeister U, Pelzl G. Effect of fluorocarbon chains on the mesomorphic properties of chiral imines and their complexes with copper(II). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b905104j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Enz E, Findeisen-Tandel S, Dabrowski R, Giesselmann F, Weissflog W, Baumeister U, Lagerwall J. On the balance between syn- and anticlinicity in smectic phases formed by achiral hockey-stick mesogens with and without chiral dopants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b820717h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Amaranatha Reddy R, Baumeister U, Tschierske C. Self-assembly of bent-core liquid crystals: formation of a modulated smectic phase with p2gg lattice to escape anticlinic tilt. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:4236-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b907536d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Glettner B, Liu F, Zeng X, Prehm M, Baumeister U, Walker M, Bates M, Boesecke P, Ungar G, Tschierske C. Liquid-Crystalline Kagome. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:9063-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Glettner B, Liu F, Zeng X, Prehm M, Baumeister U, Walker M, Bates M, Boesecke P, Ungar G, Tschierske C. Liquid-Crystalline Kagome. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Zhang Y, O'Callaghan M, Baumeister U, Tschierske C. Bent-Core Mesogens with Branched Carbosilane Termini: Flipping Suprastructural Chirality without Reversing Polarity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:6892-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200800814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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36
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Glettner B, Liu F, Zeng X, Prehm M, Baumeister U, Ungar G, Tschierske C. Liquid-Crystal Engineering with Anchor-Shaped Molecules: Honeycombs with Hexagonal and Trigonal Symmetries Formed by Polyphilic Bent-Core Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:6080-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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37
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Glettner B, Liu F, Zeng X, Prehm M, Baumeister U, Ungar G, Tschierske C. Liquid-Crystal Engineering with Anchor-Shaped Molecules: Honeycombs with Hexagonal and Trigonal Symmetries Formed by Polyphilic Bent-Core Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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38
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Glettner B, Liu F, Zeng X, Prehm M, Baumeister U, Ungar G, Tschierske C. Innentitelbild: Liquid-Crystal Engineering with Anchor-Shaped Molecules: Honeycombs with Hexagonal and Trigonal Symmetries Formed by Polyphilic Bent-Core Molecules (Angew. Chem. 32/2008). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200890210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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39
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Glettner B, Liu F, Zeng X, Prehm M, Baumeister U, Ungar G, Tschierske C. Inside Cover: Liquid-Crystal Engineering with Anchor-Shaped Molecules: Honeycombs with Hexagonal and Trigonal Symmetries Formed by Polyphilic Bent-Core Molecules (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 32/2008). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200890156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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40
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Zhang Y, O'Callaghan M, Baumeister U, Tschierske C. Bent-Core Mesogens with Branched Carbosilane Termini: Flipping Suprastructural Chirality without Reversing Polarity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200800814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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41
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Prehm M, Enders C, Anzahaee M, Glettner B, Baumeister U, Tschierske C. Cover Picture: Distinct Columnar and Lamellar Liquid Crystalline Phases Formed by New Bolaamphiphiles with Linear and Branched Lateral Hydrocarbon Chains (Chem. Eur. J. 21/2008). Chemistry 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200890080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Liu F, Chen B, Glettner B, Prehm M, Das MK, Baumeister U, Zeng X, Ungar G, Tschierske C. The Trapezoidal Cylinder Phase: A New Mode of Self-Assembly in Liquid-Crystalline Soft Matter. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:9666-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja8038932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Prehm M, Enders C, Anzahaee M, Glettner B, Baumeister U, Tschierske C. Distinct Columnar and Lamellar Liquid Crystalline Phases Formed by New Bolaamphiphiles with Linear and Branched Lateral Hydrocarbon Chains. Chemistry 2008; 14:6352-68. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Findeisen-Tandel S, Schröder MW, Pelzl G, Baumeister U, Weissflog W, Stern S, Nemes A, Stannarius R, Eremin A. Multistage polar switching in bent-core mesogens. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2008; 25:395-402. [PMID: 18425409 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2007-10306-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2007] [Accepted: 02/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel type of electro-optical switching in a tilted smectic phase of bent-shaped mesogens. The switching consists of a continuous stage and two bistable transitions. Detailed optical and electro-optical measurements using high-speed imaging are given and possible interpretations of the experimental results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Findeisen-Tandel
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Pelzl G, Tamba MG, Findeisen-Tandel S, Schröder MW, Baumeister U, Diele S, Weissflog W. New bent-core mesogens with carbon–carbon multiple linkages in the terminal chains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b803493a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Kieffer R, Prehm M, Glettner B, Pelz K, Baumeister U, Liu F, Zeng X, Ungar G, Tschierske C. X-Shaped polyphilics: liquid crystal honeycombs with single-molecule walls. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:3861-3. [DOI: 10.1039/b804945a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Prehm M, Liu F, Baumeister U, Zeng X, Ungar G, Tschierske C. The Giant-Hexagon Cylinder Network—A Liquid-Crystalline Organization Formed by a T-Shaped Quaternary Amphiphile. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:7972-5. [PMID: 17786908 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Prehm
- Institut für Chemie, Organische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, 06120 Halle, Germany
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48
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Prehm M, Liu F, Baumeister U, Zeng X, Ungar G, Tschierske C. The Giant-Hexagon Cylinder Network—A Liquid-Crystalline Organization Formed by a T-Shaped Quaternary Amphiphile. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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49
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Liu F, Chen B, Baumeister U, Zeng X, Ungar G, Tschierske C. The Triangular Cylinder Phase: A New Mode of Self-Assembly in Liquid-Crystalline Soft Matter. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:9578-9. [PMID: 17636921 DOI: 10.1021/ja073079h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, Great Britain
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Amaranatha Reddy R, Baumeister U, Keith C, Hahn H, Lang H, Tschierske C. Influence of the core structure on the development of polar order and superstructural chirality in liquid crystalline phases formed by silylated bent-core molecules: lateral substituents. Soft Matter 2007; 3:558-570. [PMID: 32900019 DOI: 10.1039/b615791b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The influence of lateral substituents was studied for a new series of bent-core liquid crystals with heptamethyltrisiloxane units at both ends of the aliphatic side chains. These materials were investigated by polarized light microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray scattering and electro-optical methods. An antiferroelectric switching columnar phase was found for the non-substituted compound. Different types of non-switching columnar phases were obtained for molecules having substituents (CH, NO) in the bay position, whereas a temperature-dependent transition from polar to non-polar smectic phases was found for molecules having substituents (Cl, CN) adjacent to one of the ester linking units. For the CN-substituted compound a new phase sequence SmCP-SmC-Cub-Iso was observed. The occurrence of the cubic phase is associated with a steric frustration due to the bulky silyl groups. The special rectangular columnar mesophase of the nitro-substituted compound is discussed with respect to its relation to B7-type mesophases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Amaranatha Reddy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Str. 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - U Baumeister
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Mühlpforte 1, D-06108 Halle, Germany
| | - C Keith
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Str. 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - H Hahn
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Chemnitz, Str. der Nationen 62, D-09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - H Lang
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Chemnitz, Str. der Nationen 62, D-09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - C Tschierske
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Str. 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany.
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