Neoplastic Diseases Incidence in Constanta County During 2007 – 2012

According to the reports provided by the World Health Organization, cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Recognised methods for reducing the burden of cancers are screening for early detection followed by proper treatment.

We studied the cancer incidence during 2007 - 2012 for the population in Constanta County.

The main results support the importance of wide screening programs in early detection of neoplastic diseases, especially for elder and lower access to medical services populations, such as people from rural areas.

The correlation of genetic markers with anatomoclinical and histopathological forms in Hirschsprung's disease

Hirschsprung's disease is a birth defect that affects about one out of 5000 newborns. It is one of the most common causes of intestinal obstruction at the babies. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the characteristics of Hirschsprung's disease in Dobrogea area, test of genetic markers in families and single cases, estimate the value of the test in the diagnosis and for evolution. We made a case-control study for the period 1995-2006 and analyzed 21 cases of Hirschsprung's disease, which were treated in the Emergency County Hospital, Constanta. The diagnostic methods comprised clinical and paraclinical examination. The chromosomal markers used in the study are represented by four categories of chromosome abnormalities: Trisomy 21, Del 10q, Del 13q, Del 17q. The molecular markers investigated by us are represented by: RET, EDNRB and EDN3. We made the correlation of genetic markers with the anatomopathological and histopathological forms, by measuring the level of association, expressed by the calculated relative risk (OR) and using the correlation index f. Based on data obtained from the group investigated, we found that the indices of association and correlation are consistently higher compared to DNA-markers with chromosomal markers, both for anatomopathological forms as well as histopathological. We noticed that no chromosomes markers were recorded with indices of correlation with negative values, which means that these chromosomal abnormalities are involved with a particular quota to the release of disease.

Comparative microscopic study of the ovarian blood vessels

The present study puts forth the morphometric analysis of modifications that occur in the ovarian structures (stroma, parenchyma, blood vessels) before and after menopause onset. Our study was performed on 30 human ovary specimens from patients with no history of genital pathology that were split in two groups (15 ovaries harvested from fertile women and 15 ovaries harvested from women at menopause). The specimens were processed following the classic histological technique of paraffin embedding and stained using Hematoxylin-Eosin technique and trichromic Goldner-Szeckelly technique. The samples were examined and assessed using Nikon E-600 light microscope. The images captured by computer were processed using LUCIA G 4.10 software. To evaluate the histological modifications, we chose the following parameters: Area Fraction of blood vessels and Circularity of blood vessels. The study shows that modifications of the ovary components are synchronized. The vascular changes that occur after menopause onset lead to a poor vascular supply of all ovarian components: germinal epithelium, ovarian follicles and ovarian stroma. The comparative morphometric analysis on premenopause and postmenopause ovarian specimens sustains the idea that the ovarian involution starts from the ovarian vessels, which are the first structures affected by hyaline degeneration.